The invention provides an abyssal environment simulation device suitable for testing material corrosion behavior. The abyssal environment simulation device comprises a high pressure autoclave, a hydrostatic pressure control system of simulated abyssal environment and a simulated environment monitoring control system. The hydrostatic pressure control system of simulated abyssal environment comprises a nitrogen cylinder, an oxygen cylinder, a water tank, a liquid supply tank and a hydraulic pump, artificial sea water is stored in the water tank, a water pump injects the artificial sea water into the liquid supply tank, the nitrogen cylinder and the oxygen cylinder are connected with the liquid supply tank, and the hydraulic pump is connected between the liquid supply tank and the high pressure autoclave so as to inject the artificial sea water meeting the dissolved oxygen content into the high pressure autoclave; the simulated environment monitoring control system comprises a compound sensor, a working electrode, a reference electrode, a temperature control device, a singlechip signal processor and a computer. The abyssal environment simulation device can simulate the characteristic environment parameters, such as the hydrostatic pressure, the environment temperature, the dissolved oxygen content, the pH value, the flow rate and the salinity, of the corrosive medium for the material in the abyssal environment, and is used for testing the related corrosion electrochemistry behaviors of the material in the simulated abyssal environment.