6149 results about "Terminal voltage" patented technology

An intelligent controller of electronic cigarette includes a switch module, a voltage acquisition module coupled to a heating wire, a control module coupled to the switch module and the voltage acquisition module, respectively, a display module electrically connected to an output of the control module, and a battery electrically connected to the switch module, the voltage acquisition module, the control module and the display module, respectively. The control module sends a control signal to the voltage acquisition module to make the voltage acquisition module acquire a terminal voltage of the heating wire. After receiving a signal from the switch module, whether the heating wire of an atomizer is in a short-circuit condition, an open-circuit condition or a normal condition is detected based on the acquired signal, and a detection result is output such that these conditions of the heating wire are observed directly by users.

A power source apparatus mounted to a vehicle is equipped with a lead-acid battery and a lithium battery. An open circuit voltage and an internal resistance of each of the batteries are determined to satisfy the following conditions (a1), (a2), and (a3): (a1) In the use range of SOC of the lead-acid battery and the use range of SOC of the lithium battery, there is an equal voltage point Vds at which the open circuit voltage V0 (Pb) of the lead-acid battery becomes equal to the open circuit voltage V0 (Li) of the lithium battery; (a2) The relationship of V0 (Li)>V0 (Pb) is satisfied in the upper limit side of the use range of SOC of the battery; and (a3) A terminal voltage Vc (Li) of the lithium battery is not more than a set voltage Vreg of a regulator when a maximum current flows in the lithium battery.

A terminal voltage equalization circuit is used to equalize the terminal voltage of the series of connected battery strings so that each battery in the series of connected battery strings can be equally charged. When voltage of a certain battery in the battery string is higher than that of the other batteries, the battery voltage sensing and controlling circuit will output a high frequency signal to drive the switch devices to transit power from the high voltage batteries to the low voltage batteries by transformer. By the high switching switches, the charging currents through the batteries with high terminal voltages can be reduced, the charging currents through the batteries with low terminal voltages can be enhanced, and therefore the damages to the batteries due to overcharging can be avoided and speedy balance of the terminal voltages between each battery can be achieved.

A battery system monitoring apparatus that monitors a battery system is provided having a cell group having a plurality of unit cells connected in series, including: a first control device that controls the cell group; and a plurality of voltage detection lines that connect positive electrodes and negative electrodes of the unit cells to the first control device, for measuring inter-terminal voltages of the unit cells. The first control device includes a balancing switch connected between the voltage detection line connected to the positive electrode of each unit cell and the voltage detection line connected to the negative electrode thereof for conducting balancing discharge of the unit cell, for each of the unit cells. A first resistor is disposed in series with each of the voltage detection lines, a first capacitor is connected between the voltage detection line, and a GND which is a lowest-level potential of the cell group.

The invention discloses a method for estimating battery health of an electric automobile, which relates to methods for estimating battery health according to voltage characteristics of a battery charging end. The method solves the defect that battery parameters, such as impedance, internal resistance and the like, need to be calculated while estimating battery health in the prior art. The method is used for estimating battery health. The method comprises the following steps of: emptying a new battery to be detected, and fully charging the new battery to be detected, and in the fully charging process, recording a voltage-time curve and a charge capacity-time curve of charging of the new battery to be detected; calculating actually usable capacity Qnew of the new battery to be detected; setting a threshold of V / dQ; calculating the charged capacity of the new battery to be detected from the time when the threshold of dV / dQ is realized to the time when the battery is fully charged during the charging process; building a relation curve of the open-circuit voltage and SOC (State Of Charge) of the new battery to be detected; estimating a SOCocv, then, calculating theoretically usable capacity Qtest-full of the attenuated battery; and obtaining the health of the battery to be detected according to the attenuated theoretically usable capacity QoId and the actually usable capacity Qnew of the battery.

A battery capacity measuring device in accordance with the present invention has a fully-charged state detector (80e), a detected current integrator (80a), a divider (80b), and a corrector (80c) incorporated in a microcomputer (80). The fully-charged state detector detects that a battery is fully charged. The detected current integrator integrates current values that are detected by a current sensor during a period from the instant the battery is fully charged to the instant it is fully charged next. The divider divides the integrated value of detected current values by the length of the period. The corrector corrects a detected current using the quotient provided by the divider as an offset. Furthermore, a remaining battery capacity calculating system comprises a voltage detecting unit (50), a current detecting unit (40), an index calculating unit, a control unit, and a calculating unit. The voltage detecting unit detects the voltage at the terminals of a battery. The current detecting unit detects a current flowing through the battery. The index calculating unit calculates the index of polarization in the battery according to the detected current. The control unit controls the output voltage of an alternator so that the index of polarization will remain within a predetermined range which permits limitation of the effect of polarization on the charged state of the battery. When the index of polarization remains within the predetermined range, the calculating unit calculates the remaining capacity of the battery according to the terminal voltage of the battery, that is, the open-circuit voltage of the battery.

A battery system according to the present invention includes: a battery module comprising a plurality of cell groups connected in series, each comprising a plurality of cells connected in series; a plurality of integrated circuits provided to corresponding each cell group of the battery module, that perform detection of terminal voltages of the cells in the corresponding each cell group, and that also perform diagnosis; and a battery controller that, along with issuing commands to the plurality of integrated circuits, also receives results of detection and results of diagnosis by the plurality of integrated circuits; wherein the battery system comprises a writable non-volatile memory, and data is stored in the writable non-volatile memory specifying usage environment of the battery module, including a maximum voltage or a maximum current of the battery module and history data based upon operation history of the battery module.

An apparatus for creating pulse magnetic stimulation, having a modulation function, according to the present invention, comprises: a driving voltage supplying section for converting AC voltage input from a voltage source into DC voltage having a predetermined magnitude; a capacitor section for accumulating electric charge in accordance with the DC voltage; an input switch section for controlling the accumulation of electric charge in the capacitor section; a coil for generating magnetic flux in accordance with current generated by both-end voltage corresponding to the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor section; an output switch section for controlling discharge of the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor section through the coil; and a shunt switch section for lowering magnetic energy stored in the coil and voltage stored in the capacitor section into a ground level to obtain a pulse magnetic field. In this pulse-magnetic-stimulation creating apparatus having a modulation function according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently transfer energy on the basis of current compliance of a patient and impedance of biologic tissue for therapeutic applications.

The invention discloses a photovoltaic power generator capable of obtaining electric power from a solar cell at the maximum efficiency all the time, even under an uneven sunshine condition. The photovoltaic power generator 10 includes: a plurality of solar cell bodies SC1, SC2, ... formed by connecting the solar cells in series or in series-parallel connection; and a plurality of charge transfer circuits T1, T2, ... which are set for each solar cell body one by one and whose input terminals are connected with the anode and cathode of each solar cell body and output terminals are connected with a loading side in parallel. Each charge transfer circuit comprises: a plurality of capacitors C2-C8 which cumulate the output of the solar cell bodies in a form of charges; a plurality of semiconductor switching member SW1a~, SW2a~, SW3a~, SW4a~, SW5a~, SW6, SW7; a tracking control member M1 for a maximal power of the solar cell bodies; and an output controlling member M2 for transferring the charges cumulated in the capacitors to the loading side, so as to enable the output voltage Vox to be tracked approximately equal to a terminal voltage Vo of the loading side.

A power supply includes a direct converter provided in the form of a two-phase or three-phase bridge circuit. The bridge branche of the direct converter includes a serial connection of any number of identical two-terminal networks, each having the following characteristics: The two-terminal networks each have at least one switching state, in which their terminal voltage takes on positive values independent of the magnitude and polarity of the terminal current; the two-terminal networks each have at least one switching state, in which their terminal voltage takes on negative values independent of the magnitude and polarity of the terminal current; the two-terminal networks have at least one internal energy store.

A method of estimating a state of charge (SOC) and a state of health (SOH) of an electrochemical cell (EC) includes modeling the EC with a linear equation, measuring a terminal current of the EC, measuring a terminal voltage of the EC and measuring a temperature of the EC. The linear equation is processed through a time-varying state and parameter estimator based on the terminal current, the terminal voltage and the temperature to determine states and parameters of the EC.

A vehicle power supply device comprises a lithium battery module that includes a plurality of lithium battery cells, first control devices, voltage detection harnesses via which terminal voltages at individual lithium battery cells are input to the first control devices, a second control device and a signal transmission path through which signals are transmitted. The first control device comprises a selection circuit that selects terminal voltages at individual lithium battery cells, a voltage measurement circuit that measures the selected terminal voltages, balancing switches used to discharge individual lithium battery cells, a balancing switch control circuit that controls open / close of the balancing switches, and a diagnosis circuit for detecting an electrically abnormal connection in the detection harnesses.

Methods and apparatuses for estimation of a state-of-health in a battery are disclosed. An example method comprises: determining if a terminal voltage of the chemical battery differs from a calculated terminal voltage; in response to determining that the terminal voltage of the chemical battery differs from the calculated terminal voltage, calculating a range of voltages by taking the convolution of a terminal current of the chemical battery with a range of impulse responses from a look up table of impulse responses corresponding to different states-of-health; comparing the terminal voltage of the chemical battery with the range of calculated voltages to determine a second impulse response that corresponds to the case where the terminal voltage matches the calculated voltage; and using the look up table of impulse responses corresponding to different states-of-health to determine the state-of-health of the chemical battery from the second impulse response. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

A battery management system using a measurement model modeling a battery, and estimating a SOC (state-of-charge) of the battery, and a battery driving method thereof. The battery management system is constructed with a sensor, a predictor, a data rejection unit, and a measurement unit. The sensor senses a charging and discharging current flowing through the battery, a temperature of the battery, a terminal voltage of the battery. The predictor counts the charging and discharging current, and estimates the state-of-charge of the battery. The data rejection unit generates information associated with an error generated from the measurement model, as a function of at least one of the battery temperature, the charging and discharging current, the state-of-charge, and a dynamic of the charging and discharging current. The measurement unit corrects the estimated state-of-charge of the battery, using the measurement model and the information associated with the error.

A power supply includes a direct converter provided in the form of a two-phase or three-phase bridge circuit. The bridge branche of the direct converter includes a serial connection of any number of identical two-terminal networks, each having the following characteristics: The two-terminal networks each have at least one switching state, in which their terminal voltage takes on positive values independent of the magnitude and polarity of the terminal current; the two-terminal networks each have at least one switching state, in which their terminal voltage takes on negative values independent of the magnitude and polarity of the terminal current; the two-terminal networks have at least one internal energy store.

An automotive power supply system comprises a battery module that includes serially connected battery groups each constituted with serially connected battery cells, integrated circuits each disposed in correspondence to one of the battery groups, a control circuit, a transmission path through which the integrated circuits are connected to the control circuit and a relay circuit via which an electrical current is supplied from the battery module. In response to a start signal instructing an operation start and received via the transmission path, each integrated circuit measures terminal voltages at the individual battery cells in the corresponding battery group and executes an abnormality diagnosis. If abnormality diagnosis results provided by the integrated circuits indicate no abnormality, the control circuit closes the relay, enabling supply of electrical current from the battery module and subsequently, the control circuit receives measurement results from the integrated circuits via the transmission path.

A state of charge estimator for a battery includes a meter that generates a terminal voltage signal of the battery and a terminal current signal of the battery. A controller employs a linearized model of the battery and a time-varying state estimator. The controller process a synthesized input based on the terminal current and the terminal voltage to estimate the battery state of charge.

An online method and apparatus for determining state of charge (SoC) and state of health (SoH) of batteries on platforms that present dynamic charge and discharge environments is disclosed. A rested open circuit voltage (OCV) may be estimated online using a battery dynamic model along with measured terminal voltage, current and temperature. The SoC and SoH can then be determined from this estimated OCV. The apparatus and methods may estimate SoC and SoH of a battery in a real-time fashion without the need to a) disconnect the battery system from service; b) wait for a predefined rest time; or c) depolarize the battery.

Disclosed is a feedback-type amplifier circuit including feedback-type charging means, which operates as a voltage follower, having a differential stage which receives an input-terminal voltage and an output-terminal voltage differentially as inputs and charging means for performing a charging operation at the output terminal based upon an output from the differential stage; and follower-type discharging means for performing a discharging operation at the output terminal by follower operation of an active element in accordance with a voltage difference between the input-terminal voltage and the output-terminal voltage.

A discharge circuit for a DC power supply smoothing capacitor that is used in a power conversion device that supplies DC power via a switch to the DC power supply smoothing capacitor and an inverter, includes; a resistor that discharges charge in the capacitor; a switch connected in series with the resistor, that either passes or intercepts discharge current flowing from the capacitor to the resistor; a measurement circuit that measures a terminal voltage of the capacitor; and a control circuit that controls continuity and discontinuity of the switch; wherein the control circuit, after having made the switch continuous and starting discharge of the capacitor by the resistor, if a terminal voltage of the capacitor as measured by the measurement circuit exceeds a voltage decrease characteristic set in advance, makes the switch discontinuous and stops discharge by the resistor.

A state-of-charge (SOC) estimating device and method for a secondary battery that estimates the SOC of the battery with high precision when variation takes place in the parameters of the battery model, even if the input current is constant. A first SOC estimating part estimates the open-circuit voltage by estimating the battery parameters en bloc using an adaptive digital filter computing treatment from the measurement values of the current and the terminal voltage and computes a first estimated SOC of the secondary battery from the open-circuit voltage and a predetermined relationship between the open-circuit voltage and the SOC. A second SOC estimating part computes a second estimated SOC by means of current-integration. State-of-charge estimated value-selecting part selects the second SOC value as when the current is constant and otherwise selects the first SOC value.

A reverse current stopping circuit includes a synchronous rectification device, a comparator for detecting a reverse current of an inductor, the synchronous rectification device being turned off when the reverse current is detected by the comparator, a reverse current detector circuit for detecting a switching terminal voltage after the synchronous rectification device is turned off, thereby determining a value of the inductor current to decide whether the inductor current is flowing in a reverse direction or a forward direction, and a memory unit for receiving a predetermined output signal from the reverse current detector circuit in accordance with a result of the reverse current detector circuit, and outputting a control signal for an offset voltage in accordance with the predetermined output signal. The offset voltage is changed in accordance with the control signal so as to adjust the inductor current to zero when the synchronous rectification device is turned off.

The invention discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor driving system capable of switching a winding. According to the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving system, a winding switch conversion device with a simple structure is utilized to realize automatic reconstruction of the winding. Meanwhile, operation switching of the low-speed and high-speed windings is realized with combination of double-inverter coordination control and flux weakening control so that range of operation rotating speed of the driving system is substantially widened, and operation efficiency and fault tolerance performance of the system are enhanced. In the low-speed state, single-inverter double-winding operation is performed; in the intermediate-speed state, double-inverter double-winding operation is performed; and in the high-speed state, firstly permanent magnet synchronous motor terminal voltage is limited by utilizing the flux weakening control mode, then the winding is switched and single-inverter single-winding operation is performed. A double-inverter circuit is adopted so that working modes of the system are flexible and various, i.e. both single-inverter operation and double-inverter operation can be realized, and thus the system has certain fault tolerance capability.

A battery management system that estimates an internal impedance of a battery, a method of driving the same, a device that estimates an internal impedance of a battery, and a method of estimating the internal impedance of a battery. A method of driving a battery management system that estimates the internal impedance of a battery including a plurality of cells includes generating a battery equivalent model of the battery, receiving a terminal voltage signal and a charge and discharge current signal of the battery, and generating a first discrete signal corresponding to the terminal voltage signal of the battery and a second discrete signal corresponding to the charge and discharge current signal of the battery, and filtering the first discrete signal and the second discrete signal according to a frequency range corresponding to the battery equivalent model so as to estimate the internal impedance of the battery. The device that estimates an internal impedance of a battery filters the first discrete signal and the second discrete signal according to a frequency range corresponding to the battery equivalent model so as to estimate the internal impedance of the battery.

An internal short-circuit detecting device for detecting an internal short circuit of a battery being subjected to constant current charge using a constant current amount (I) has: a voltage detection unit for detecting a terminal voltage of the battery; a terminal voltage acquisition unit for acquiring a terminal voltage (V1), as predetermined by the voltage detection unit, at a starting point of a first period (ΔW1) and a terminal voltage (V2) at an ending point; a voltage increase amount calculation unit for calculating an actual increase amount (ΔV3) of the terminal voltage of the first period (ΔW1) from the terminal voltages (V1 and V2); a voltage increase amount prediction unit for calculating a predicted increase amount (ΔV4) of the terminal voltage for the period when charging is performed using the current amount (I) for the first period (ΔW1); and an internal short-circuit determination unit for determining that the internal short circuit is generated when the actual increase amount (ΔV3) is equal to or lower than the sum of the predicted increase amount (ΔV4) and a predetermined coefficient (α).

A driving apparatus of a synchronous motor fixes all the switching devices of an inverter at OFF in accordance with a value of an all-OFF control pulse signal outputted by a pulse generator. A motor current keeps flowing through free wheel diodes for a predetermined period even after all the switching devices shift to the OFF state. Therefore, pulse generator changes an induced voltage detection signal to an H (high) level after the passage of the time in which a motor current drops down to zero. A terminal voltage of the motor is taken in to acquire an induced voltage and a rotor position is estimated.

The present invention describes a pixel driving circuit, a driving method, and an organic light-emitting display panel. The pixel driving circuit comprises a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor, an eighth transistor and a capacitor. A first node is arranged between the fourth transistor and the fifth transistor. The seventh transistor is coupled in series between a reference voltage line and the first node. The eighth transistor is coupled in series between the reference voltage line and the anode of a light-emitting element. According to the invention, the pixel driving circuit solves the display unevenness problem caused by the reasons of threshold voltage drift, device degradation and the like in the prior art. Meanwhile, the grid potential stability of a driving transistor, under the influence of a leakage current generated due to the fact that the voltage difference between the two ends of a switching transistor is relatively large in the prior art, can be improved at the same time.