A power supply apparatus (100) comprises an
inverter (110),
voltage and current measuring devices (120a, 120b), a temperature sensor (130), and an operation circuit (140). The
inverter (110) comprises change-over switches (SW1-SW6). The
voltage and current measuring devices (120a, 120b) are configured to measure the
voltage (V1) and the current (I1) on the change-over switches (SW1-SW6). The temperature sensor (130) is configured to measure an initial temperature (T[0]) in an initial state. The operation circuit (140) is coupled to the voltage and current measuring devices (120a, 120b) and the temperature sensor (130). The operation circuit (140) is configured to: execute a
power model (142), and calculate a first transient power of the change-over switches (SW1-SW6) on the basis of the initial temperature (T[0]), the voltage (V1), and the current (I1); and execute a
thermal model (144), and calculate a first transient ideal temperature of the change-over switches (SW1-SW6) on basis of the first transient power. The power supply apparatus (100) calculates, in real time, the
transient temperature of channel interfaces of the change-over switches (SW1-SW6) by measuring the voltage (V1) and the current (I1) on the change-over switches (SW1-SW6) of the
inverter (110). The present invention also relates to a
temperature measurement method (500) for a power supply apparatus, and an electrical
system (ES1).