2443 results about "Hysteresis" patented technology

A process for obtaining a grafted diene elastomer having functional groups along the chain, a rubber composition containing this grafted elastomer and having in particular improved hysteresis properties in the cross-linked state, a preparation process for this composition, a tire tread made from this composition and a tire of reduced rolling resistance which incorporates this tread. A process for obtaining this grafted elastomer includes a radical grafting reaction carried out in solution or without a solvent by means of a reagent of the mercaptan type to graft functional groups on to the chain of a starting elastomer. The starting elastomer is treated with an antioxidant having at least one aromatic amine function before the grafting reaction, so that the grafted elastomer has a macrostructure which is practically identical to that of the starting elastomer. A rubber composition containing the grafted diene elastomer includes a reinforcing inorganic filler, and the grafted elastomer preferably has a molar ratio of units originating from conjugated dienes greater than 30%.

A surgical robotic system automatically calibrates tubular and flexible surgical tools such as endoscopes. By accounting for nonlinear behavior of an endoscope, the surgical robotic system can accurately model motions of the endoscope and navigate the endoscope while performing a surgical procedure on a patient. The surgical robotic system models the nonlinearities using sets of calibration parameters determined based on images captured by an image sensor of the endoscope. Calibration parameters can describe translational or rotational movements of the endoscope in one or more axis, e.g., pitch and yaw, as well as a slope, hysteresis, or dead zone value corresponding to the endoscope's motion. The endoscope can include tubular components referred to as a sheath and leader. An instrument device manipulator of the surgical robotic system actuates pull wires coupled to the sheath or the leader, which causes the endoscope to articulate.

An electricity charging module using a hysteresis switch includes a storage capacitor that preliminarily stores electrical energy supplied from an external power source, a charging unit for preventing over-charging or over-discharging through monitoring of the charging state of the rechargeable battery, and a hysteresis switch that has a larger turn-on voltage level than the turn-off voltage level, and located between the storage capacitor and the charging unit, thereby electrically connecting or disconnecting the storage capacitor with the charging unit. The hysteresis switch includes a first voltage dividing resistor pair that divides the voltage of an external power source by the resistance ratio of the first voltage dividing resistor pair, a second voltage dividing resistor pair whose one end is connected to a positive electrode terminal of the external power source, a first switching device whose control terminal is connected to the junction of the voltage dividing resistors of the second voltage dividing resistor pair, a second switching device whose control terminal is connected to the junction of the voltage dividing resistors of the first voltage dividing resistor pair, and a resistor that is connected to the junction between the first electrode terminal of the second switching device and the junction of the voltage dividing resistors of the first voltage dividing resistor pair.

A cellular communications system comprising a space based system comprising a first set of cells, and a ground based system comprising a second set of cells. The space and ground systems can optionally function substantially autonomously, with each using spectrum from at least one predetermined frequency band.

The present invention includes systems and methods which overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by providing improved control of cursor commands directed by a user (such as a pilot). Various embodiments of the invention include such user interface cursor control enhancements as caging, snapping, hysteresis, combinations of 'relative' and 'absolute' cursor data, integration of discrete button movement with continuous cursor movement, and different gain algorithms. The invention may be implemented in a cockpit display, a flight simulator, a graphical flight planning application, or in any other application having a graphical user interface.

An amorphous oxide containing hydrogen (or deuterium) is applied to a channel layer of a transistor. Accordingly, a thin film transistor having superior TFT properties can be realized, the superior TFT properties including a small hysteresis, normally OFF operation, a high ON/OFF ratio, a high saturated current, and the like. Furthermore, as a method for manufacturing a channel layer made of an amorphous oxide, film formation is performed in an atmosphere containing a hydrogen gas and an oxygen gas, so that the carrier concentration of the amorphous oxide can be controlled.

There is provided a thin film transistor (TFT) capable of improving electron mobility and minimizing the occurrence of hysteresis due to traps. The TFT includes a channel layer and a gate insulating layer, wherein the channel layer is made of an oxide semiconductor. In the TFT, the gate insulating layer includes one or more first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer, and the first dielectric layer has a dielectric constant different from that of the second dielectric layer.

A fuel management control method for a hybrid electric vehicle drive having an internal combustion engine and an electric motor arranged in parallel such that both can propel the vehicle; the system including an electric motor driven fuel pump and a programmable microprocessor; and wherein the method further includes monitoring vehicle speed and sensing braking pressure and directing signals of both vehicle speed and braking to the microprocessor and processing such inputs in accordance with an aggressive fuel management program including shut-off of fuel flow to the gas engine in response to vehicle braking at vehicle speeds above a predetermined maximum hysteresis speed and maintaining the fuel shut off during vehicle coasting above a predetermined speed while controlling the electric motor to provide regenerative braking or vehicle start during such fuel shut off modes of operation.

The present invention is embodied in a system and method for generating and validating reference handles for consumers requiring access to resources in a computer system. The system of the present invention includes a resource manager having a handle administrator, a plurality of consumers, and a plurality of resources. The handle administrator includes an assignment routine, a release routine, and a dereference routine. The assignment routine issues new handles, the release routine releases handles that are no longer required (thus rendering the handle invalid), and the dereference routine dereferences handles into a pointer to a resource, which entails verifying that the handle is valid. Also included is an auxiliary sub-routine for managing used and unused records, an expansion sub-routine for efficiently expanding the handle database, a handle recycling sub-routine for recycling handles, a contraction sub-routine for efficiently contracting the handle database, a hysteresis sub-routine for probabilistically contracting the handle database, and a memory allocation failure sub-routine to improve functionality in the event of memory allocation failure.

A hydrophobic surface coating, preferably obtained by chemical vapor deposition, comprises at least an upper thin layer formed by a compound selected from the group consisting of SiC_xO_y:H with x comprised between 1.4 and 2 and y comprised between 0.8 and 1.4 and SiC_x′N_y′:H with x′ comprised between 1.2 and 1.4 and y′ comprised between 0.6 and 0.8, so as to obtain a free surface with a low wetting hysteresis. Such a hydrophobic surface coating can be arranged on the free surface of a microcomponent comprising at least one substrate provided with, an electrode array and particularly suitable for moving drops of liquid by electrowetting on dielectric.

A count is made of the number of mobile assisted handoff (MAHO) attempts between a service cell and a targeted cell. A count is also made of the number of times the targeted cell is considered a Best Candidate (BestCand) for handoff from the service cell. If the targeted cell is not included in the service cell's neighbor list, a potential neighbor cell (PNC), hysteresis is added to the targeted cell to prevent handoffs to the targeted cell. The MAHO and BestCand counts are determined and if the counts meet or exceed predetermined threshold values the targeted cell is added to the list. If the targeted cell is on the neighbor list, no hysteresis is added. If the count data does not meet or exceed the threshold values, the target is removed from the list

A high-efficiency power converter converts the unregulated AC electrical energy generated by an energy harvesting device to regulated quasi-continuous DC or AC power delivered to a load. A DC link capacitor stores energy from the AC input. Control electronics alternately transfers regulated power to the load and recharges the capacitor in accordance with a hysteresis window in the capacitor energy. The control electronics terminates transfer of regulated power to the load and initiates recharging of the capacitor when the capacitor voltage, hence energy falls below a lower threshold and terminates capacitor charging and initiates power transfer when the capacitor voltage, hence energy exceeds an upper threshold.

A magnetic recording medium of the present invention includes a non-magnetic substrate, and a magnetic layer containing a magnetic powder. The magnetic powder is constituted by an ε-iron oxide powder. The magnetic layer has a squareness in a thickness direction of 0.65 or more. In a differential curve obtained by differentiating a hysteresis curve in the thickness direction of the magnetic layer, two or more peaks are present. In a case where, out of peaks in the same direction among the above-described peaks, a local maximum of a largest peak in a magnetic field range of +500 oersted [Oe] or more is taken as P1 and a local maximum of a largest peak in a magnetic field range of −500 oersted [Oe] or more and less than +500 oersted [Oe] is taken as P2, a relationship below is satisfied:

0.25≦P2/P1≦0.60.

A method of controlling the positioning of the synchronizers of a dual clutch transmission having a plurality of synchronizers to selectively engage and disengage various gears sets, and a plurality of shift actuators adapted to move the synchronizers. The method includes the steps of initiating a control routine to move a synchronizer to a full engagement position with a gear set and monitoring the positions of all engaged synchronizers. The method also includes reinitiating the control routine to move a synchronizer back into the full engagement position when any engaged synchronizer slips out to a minimum engagement position. Further, the method includes initiating a control routine to move a synchronizer to a neutral position and monitoring the position of all disengaged synchronizers. Also, reinitiating the control routine to move a synchronizer back to the neutral position when any disengaged synchronizer drifts beyond a pre-determined neutral hysteresis position.

A resilient braided rope seal for use in high temperature applications includes a center core of fibers, a resilient canted spring member supporting the core and at least one layer of braided sheath fibers tightly packed together overlying the spring member. The seal provides both improved load bearing and resiliency. Permanent set and hysteresis are greatly reduced.

A method and apparatus for monitoring and controlling reactive sputter deposition, particularly useful for depositing insulating compounds (e.g., metal-oxides, metal-nitrides, etc.). For a given nominal cathode power level, target material, and source gases, the power supplied to the cathode (target) is controlled to stabilize the cathode (target) voltage at a specified value or within a specified range corresponding to a partial pressure or relative flow rate value or range of the reactive gas. Such an operating point or range, characterized by a specified voltage value or range and corresponding reactive gas relative-flow/partial-pressure value or range, may be determined empirically based on measuring the cathode voltage as a function of reactive gas relative-flow/partial-pressure for the given nominal power. This relationship is typically a hysteresis curve, and preferably the operation point is selected at or near the hysteresis transition edge to provide high rate deposition of high quality films, including insulating or dielectric films using a metallic target.

A solid-state relay/breaker that can replace mechanical units to control any type of AC or DC load. Power MOSFETs or other transistors control a load current. A bypass current sensing path monitors MOSFET current and causes a shutdown through signal processing in the event of an over-current condition. This shutdown resembles that of a slow-blow fuse where the rate of shutdown is proportional to the value of the current. This prevents shutdown on momentary spikes or in-rush. In addition, temperature and internal power supply voltages are monitored to determine additional operational conditions where over-temperature or voltages out of range can also cause shutdown. The MOSFET and current sensing path are turned on and off in staggered timing with different slew rates to provide built-in hysteresis. The device can be manufactured in any type of package to match any type of environment or existing replacement requirement.

The invention discloses a super hydrophobic anti-icing coating and a preparation method thereof, and is realized by preparing a fluorine contained acrylic resin and combining the fluorine contained acrylic resin with organosilicon resin and nano particles. In a scheme of the invention, the fluorine contained acrylic resin has small surface energy and strong hydrophobicity. The organosilicon resin utilizes effect of -CH3 on a surface thereof and small polarity to substantially reduce contact angle hysteresis. The fluorine contained acrylic resin can crosslink and solidify with the nano particles and active groups in the organosilicon resin to form a composite network. The invention can overcome defects of complex technology, high costs and unsuitability for large scale usage of an ordinary method for preparing a super hydrophobic coating; and the prepared coating can realize super hydrophobic anti-icing effect through a regular spraying method.

A presence detector includes an optical emitter for emitting optical radiation, an optical detector for detecting a presence of an object based on receiving the optical radiation, and a microcontroller for controlling the optical emitter and processing the optical detector output, such that a range adjustment and range hysteresis based on the object are provided by software in the microcontroller.

A gallium nitride based field effect transistor having good current hysteresis characteristics in which forward gate leakage can be reduced. In a gallium nitride-based field effect transistor (100) having a gate insulation film (108), part or all of a material constituting the gate insulation film (108) is a dielectric material having a relative dielectric constant of 9-22, and a semiconductor crystal layer A (104) in contact with the gate insulation film (108) and a semiconductor crystal layer B (103) in the vicinity of the semiconductor crystal layer A (104) and having a larger electron affinity than the semiconductor crystal layer A (104) constitute a hetero junction. A hafnium oxide such as HfO₂, HfAlO, HfAlON or HfSiO is preferably contained, at least partially, in the material constituting the gate insulation film (108).

A one or multiple axis digital joystick using incremental optical encoding with mechanical means for magnifying motion of the encoded medium to achieve higher resolution than otherwise attainable with the same optoelectronic components. Excellent linearity between shaft rotation and digital output results from elimination of backlash and preservation of rotary-only motion in the mechanical linkage between shaft and encoder disc. All electronic functions are implemented in a low-cost internal microcomputer that interfaces in serial or parallel mode with many system computers or microcomputers without additional circuitry. The microcomputer converts the incrementally encoded signals from the optoelectronic devices into absolute shaft-position information in a fail-safe manner. The joystick can be operated very rapidly without error because the encoded pulses to be counted are applied to microcomputer inputs that store the occurrence of each pulse until the microcomputer can process them. The stored program also ensures that each joystick has the same full-scale outputs despite minor mechanical variations from one joystick to another. In addition, it corrects errors caused by hysteresis in some of the optoelectronic components. The resulting joystick is field replaceable without any adjustments or recalibration.

A mapping and ablation catheter with contact force sensing capabilities at a distal end, includes a catheter body, a deflectable section, and a tip distal section which has a tip electrode and a contact force sensor for sensing a 3D contact force vector applied to the tip electrode. In contact with the tip electrode, the contact force sensor has a body and has at least one sensor with an electrical characteristic that is responsive to deformation of the body resulting from force vector. The sensor is adapted to receive an electrical current and to output an electrical signal indicative of a change in the electrical characteristic. In one embodiment, the sensor is a strain gage responsive to tension and compression of at least a portion of the body of the force sensor and the electrical characteristic of the strain gage that is monitored is electrical resistivity. In another embodiment, the sensor is responsive to strain and stress of at least a portion of the body, and the electrical characteristic being monitored is inductance or hysteresis loss.

Magnetic nanoparticle compositions are provided which provide an inherent temperature regulator for use in magnetic heating, particularly for use in magnetic hyperthermia medical treatments. The composition includes magnetic nanoparticles having a Curie temperature of between 40 and 46° C., preferably about 42° C., and may further include a polymeric material and optionally a drug or radiosensitizing agent. Methods of hyperthermia treatment of a patient in need thereof are provided which include the steps of administering to the patient a composition comprising magnetic nanoparticles having a Curie temperature of between 40 and 46° C.; and exposing the magnetic nanoparticles in the patient to an alternating magnetic field effective to generate hysteresis heat in the nanoparticles.

A rapid vapor deposition (RVD) method conformally deposits a dielectric material on small features of a substrate surface. The resulting dielectric film has a low dielectric constant, low wet etch rate, low film shrinkage and low stress hysteresis, appropriate for various integrated circuit dielectric gap fill applications such as shallow trench isolation. The method includes the following two principal operations: depositing a thin conformal and saturated layer of aluminum-containing precursor over some or all of the substrate surface; and exposing the saturated layer of aluminum-containing precursor to a silicon-containing precursor gas to form a dielectric layer. In some cases, the substrate temperatures during contact with silicon-containing precursor are greater than about 250 degree Celsius to produce an improved film. In other cases, post-deposition anneal process may be used to improve properties of the film. Generally an inert gas purge is employed between the introduction of reactant gases to remove byproducts and unused reactants. These operations can be repeated to deposit multiple layers of dielectric material until a desired dielectric thickness is achieved.

An emphasis converter 52 compares the image data of the current vertical period with the image data of the previous vertical period and controls the input image data to a liquid crystal display panel 4 based on the emphasis conversion parameters stored in tables of ROMs 3a to 3c so as to achieve accelerated drive. A microcomputer 38 is able to realize stable control of selecting emphasis conversion parameters by adding hysteresis to the detected temperature from a thermistor 37 even when the detected temperature fluctuates up and down crossing the temperature threshold.

Providing a cross point, memory array with memory plugs exhibiting a characteristic hysteresis. The memory plugs exhibit a hysteresis that, in the low resistive state, the first write threshold voltage is the point above which any voltages applied across the memory plug have substantially no effect on the resistive state and below which a voltage pulse will alter the resistance of the memory plug. Similarly, in the high resistive state, the second write threshold voltage is the point below which any voltages applied across the memory plug have substantially no effect on the resistive state and above which a voltage pulse will alter the resistance of the memory plug. The read voltages applied to the memory plug are typically above the first write threshold voltage and lower than the second write threshold voltage.

The present invention provides method and apparatus for facilitating base station selection/handover by a user terminal in a distributed (e.g., cellular-type) wireless communication system. In accordance with one aspect, hysteresis is adaptively determined as a function of the variance of receive signal strength fluctuations. In turn, an adaptive hysteresis factor can be obtained and used for a subsequent handover decision, for example, based on a cost function that takes into account the hysteresis. In accordance with another aspect, base station selection depends on a number of criteria, such as received signal strength, base station load, and estimated distance between a receiving user terminal and one or more base stations.

Disclosed is a modeling filament for use as feedstock in a fused deposition modeling liquifier, and a method for manufacturing the filament. The diameter and standard deviation of the filament are controlled to meet various tolerance requirements of jam resistance, slip resistance, model strength, liquifier overflow prevention and hysteresis-free transient response. Standard deviation of the filament diameter is matched to a filament target diameter. The resulting filament is used to form high-quality models.

An organic switching memory device includes a plurality of first electrode lines; an organic memory layer formed on the plurality of first electrode lines, the organic memory layer having a voltage-current hysteresis characteristic; a semiconductor diode layer stacked on the organic memory layer; and a plurality of second electrode lines formed on the semiconductor diode layer, the plurality of second electrode lines being disposed in a direction so as to intersect the plurality of first electrode lines.

A Schmitt trigger has a first inverter, a second inverter, a bias means, and a transistor. The inverter has an input and an output. The second inverter has an input coupled to the output of the first inverter and has an output. The bias means provides a first bias voltage on a first output terminal. A magnitude of the bias voltage is selectable by a first input signal. The transistor has a first current electrode coupled to a first power supply terminal, a control electrode coupled to the output of the second inverter, a second current electrode coupled to the output of the first inverter, and a body coupled to the first output terminal. Selectability of the magnitude of the bias voltage provides selectability of the hysteresis of the Schmitt trigger.