1037results about "Fluid actuated clutches" patented technology

To provide an information processing device that can extract extraction data that captures features of original data as a whole and calculate an index value in a short period of time.SOLUTION: A processing device of an information processing device executes search processing that includes: a first step (S120) of calculating a relative frequency distribution of original data; a second step (S125) of setting a plurality of time windows for cutting out data of the original data for a partial period; a third step (S130) of cutting out data from the original data; a fourth step (S140) of calculating a relative frequency distribution in the extracted data; and a fifth step (S145) of calculating an error between the relative frequency distribution in the original data and the relative frequency distribution in the extracted data. The search processing repetitively executes attempts of the second step to the fifth step while changing settings of the plurality of time windows. An index value of damage to a clutch for detaching an engine is calculated (S160) by using extracted data in which the error is equal to or less than a threshold value.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

The invention provides a transmission device and an actuating system. The transmission device comprises two transmission components and a coupling component arranged between the two transmission components. One of the two transmission components is in transmission connection with the force generating mechanism and is used for receiving the torque output by the force generating mechanism; and the other one is in transmission connection with the force output torsion bar and is used for outputting torque to the force output torsion bar. The coupling component is arranged between the two transmission components and used for achieving force transmission between the two transmission components. The active suspension can be applied to intelligent vehicles or electric vehicles, and the frequency response performance of the active suspension can be improved.

The invention discloses a ship shaft generator and an operation method thereof, the ship shaft generator comprises a generator and an execution device, a ship main shaft is provided with a driving belt wheel, the generator is provided with a driven belt wheel, and the driven belt wheel and the driving belt wheel are connected through a transmission belt; the driving belt wheel comprises a shaft sleeve, a middle wheel ring and an outer wheel ring, the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected to a ship main shaft, and a rotary buffering mechanism is arranged between the middle wheel ring and the outer wheel ring; a plurality of locking pieces are arranged on the middle wheel ring in a sliding mode and can move in the radial direction of the middle wheel ring. The actuating mechanism controls the locking piece to move between the locking position and the unlocking position; when the locking piece is located at the locking position, the shaft sleeve and the middle wheel ring are connected. The connecting state of the shaft sleeve and the middle wheel ring is controlled through the locking piece, when maintenance is needed, the executing device switches the locking piece to the unlocking position, the generator can be directly maintained at the moment, ship navigation is not affected, and navigation pause caused by maintenance is avoided.

The power output assembly of the agricultural engine comprises a diesel engine, a hydraulic valve mechanism is connected to the end of a rotating shaft of the diesel engine, an oil inlet mechanism is connected to one side of the hydraulic valve mechanism, a first hydraulic cavity is formed in the side, close to a clutch mechanism, of the hydraulic valve mechanism, and a second hydraulic cavity is formed in the hydraulic valve mechanism; a piston mechanism is arranged in the first hydraulic cavity, and the oil inlet mechanism enables external hydraulic oil to flow into the first hydraulic cavity through an oil way in the hydraulic valve mechanism so as to push the piston mechanism to be combined with the clutch mechanism. A plurality of oil pressure adjusting assemblies used for releasing pressure of hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic cavity and enabling the hydraulic oil to flow into the second hydraulic cavity are further arranged in the hydraulic valve mechanism. The hydraulic valve mechanism enables hydraulic oil to flow into the first hydraulic cavity to push the piston body, so that connection and separation with the clutch are controlled, and the whole oil inlet process is reliable and controllable.

Provided is a power transmission apparatus for a hybrid vehicle, the power transmission apparatus including a connecting shaft having an edge portion connected to a mass by a connecting plate, the connecting shaft being coupled to an outer side of a first rotor shaft connected to a first rotor of a first motor, and a drive plate positioned adjacent to a crankshaft while facing the connecting shaft, the drive plate being configured to connect the mass and the crankshaft.

Disclosed herein is a front mounted-type reservoir assembly installed on a front surface of a hydraulic block of an integrated dynamic brake system including a main reservoir tank that is provided with a main reservoir chamber that stores brake oil therein, and a plurality of oil ports, through which the brake oil flows in and out, on a front surface of the main reservoir tank, wherein at least one partition wall is provided in the main reservoir tank to partition the main reservoir chamber into a plurality of regions, and at least one separation wall is provided in at least one of the plurality of partitioned reservoir chambers to increase flow resistance of the brake oil.

The invention discloses a double-clutch hydraulic reversing system and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of paddy field power mechanical gearboxes. Comprising a double-clutch hydraulic reverser, a reversing valve, an oil supplementing pump and a belt pulley, the oil supplementing pump, the reversing valve and the double-clutch hydraulic reverser form oil way circulation, and the oil supplementing pump sucks hydraulic oil stored in the double-clutch hydraulic reverser and supplies oil to the double-clutch hydraulic reverser through the reversing valve; the belt pulley is connected with an input shaft of the double-clutch hydraulic commutator; the double-clutch hydraulic reverser comprises a double-clutch area A and a double-clutch area B. The reversing valve supplies oil to corresponding oil inlets of the double-clutch hydraulic reverser through reversing signals so as to control combination of the double-clutch area A or the double-clutch area B of the double-clutch hydraulic reverser and drive an output shaft of the double-clutch hydraulic reverser to rotate forwards or backwards. The whole structure is simple, double-clutch reversing is convenient, the transmission efficiency reaches up to 92%-93%, and the working efficiency is remarkably improved; lubricating and heat dissipation are carried out through oil liquid, and durability is far higher than that of an electromagnetic clutch.

A clutch for selectively coupling a motor and a motor vehicle drive train includes a housing having two pressure chambers, a shift sleeve, an actuating cap arranged for moving the shift sleeve, a piston, an idler gear and a mechanical engaging element. The piston is arranged in the housing between the two pressure chambers in a pressure-dependent, axially movable manner and is connected to the actuating cap. The mechanical engaging element is arranged between an axially movable component and an axially fixed component to engage the shift sleeve in two different axial positions. The axially movable component may be the shift sleeve or the piston, and the axially fixed component may be the housing or the idler gear.

The utility model discloses a clutch booster with a hydraulic damping valve, which comprises a clutch booster assembly, the clutch booster assembly comprises a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the hydraulic damping valve which is used for damping hydraulic pressure sudden change or pressure wave crest in the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is connected with the hydraulic damping valve, hydraulic oil pressure generated in sudden change or pressure wave crests, especially instantly generated by the sudden change or pressure wave crests, is transmitted to the hydraulic damping valve, sudden change pressure change in the hydraulic cavity is balanced through the hydraulic damping valve, and pressure generated after sudden change or wave crests is reduced and directly transmitted to the clutch. The hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder is stably output, the influence of sudden pressure change (especially increase) and overlarge pressure wave crest generated in the hydraulic cavity on product control hydraulic stability is avoided, and then the influence of unstable product output pressure is avoided.

The invention discloses a wet clutch of a hydraulic mechanical transmission for a vehicle and the vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle clutches, the wet clutch comprises a turbine shaft, the left end of the turbine shaft can be connected to a hydraulic torque converter, the right end of the turbine shaft is provided with a transmission part, the transmission part can be connected to a mechanical gearbox, and the transmission part comprises a clutch outer hub; the clutch outer hub is connected to the turbine shaft in a sleeving mode, and a piston, a friction plate, a dual plate and an output gear are sequentially arranged on the clutch outer hub in the transmission direction. The piston can be controlled by oil pressure to move rightwards so as to press the dual plate and the friction plate; the piston is further provided with a spring set, and the spring set is used for resetting the piston. The wet clutch is provided with a lubricating system and an oil pressure system, and the oil pressure system is provided with a proportional electromagnetic valve. A dry clutch can be replaced at the same position, the axial size is smaller than that of the dry clutch, the chassis space is saved, the torque requirement within a certain range is met, the cost is reduced, gear shifting is more stable and smooth, and the driving experience is improved.

An axle assembly having a clutch collar. The axle assembly includes a shaft, a piston, a bearing assembly, and the clutch collar. The piston encircles the clutch collar. The bearing assembly extends from the piston to the clutch collar and facilitates rotation of the clutch collar with respect to the piston.

The invention relates to a reset mechanism and a reset method, in particular to a reset mechanism and a reset method for a torque overload protection device. The problem that in the prior art, when a torque overload protection device is reset, the working condition is complex, and risks exist on the safety of operators and the reset timeliness is solved. The device comprises a fixed flange, a sliding sleeve and a reset flange which are coaxially arranged. The sliding sleeve and the reset flange are both arranged on the fixed flange in a sleeving mode, the reset flange is fixedly connected with the ball head thrust rod, and an air chamber exists between the sliding sleeve and the fixed flange. The fixed flange is fixedly connected to the base, and a plurality of sets of guide mechanisms are installed on the end face of the fixed flange. The device is simple in structure and easy to operate, workers do not need to go to an equipment site for operation, the safety risk of the operators is reduced, meanwhile, the timeliness of power recovery of the mechanical transmission system is improved, and time is saved for power transmission recovery of transmission shaft systems in industrial production and various special industries. The invention belongs to the technical field of overload protection couplings.

The invention provides a method and a device for determining a joint point of a hydraulic clutch, a vehicle, equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of clutch control. The preset change trend is used for representing a corresponding pressure value change trend when the pressure value is transited from a relatively stable rising rate state to a continuously increasing rising rate state in the oil filling process, so that an inflection point for converting the pressure value from stable rising to rapid pressurization in the whole oil filling and pressure building process is determined; the inflection point can be regarded as a point where pressure in a hydraulic loop tends to rise rapidly under the influence of resistance of the driving end of the hydraulic clutch when the hydraulic clutch is combined, and a pressure value corresponding to the point can be regarded as a pressure value of a clutch combination point. Through the mode, high-voltage equipment such as a motor / an engine does not need to be started, operation can be carried out in a low-voltage state, influence factors are reduced, and the stability and accuracy of self-learning are guaranteed.

The invention provides an elevator with a single-cylinder and double-cylinder switching mode and a using method of the elevator. The elevator comprises a first single-cylinder elevator, a second single-cylinder elevator and a rope adjusting clutch connected between the first single-cylinder elevator and the second single-cylinder elevator. The rope adjusting clutch comprises a bearing seat, a shaft seat inner gear ring and two fixed hubs, the shaft seat inner gear ring is rotationally connected with an inner ring of the bearing seat, the two fixed hubs are connected to a main shaft of the first single-drum elevator and a main shaft of the second single-drum elevator respectively, each fixed hub is connected with a rope adjusting outer gear ring capable of sliding in the axial direction of the fixed hub, and the rope adjusting outer gear rings are connected with the bearing seat. The rope adjusting outer gear ring is connected with a shifting ring, and the shifting ring is connected with a telescopic mechanism fixed to the single-barrel elevator. When the telescopic mechanism stretches out and draws back, the shifting ring drives the rope adjusting outer gear ring to be meshed with or separated from the shaft seat inner gear ring. And switching between two modes of independent operation of the two single cylinders and synchronous operation of the two cylinders can be realized.

The present invention relates to a hydraulic device, a hydraulic control system, a vehicle and a control method. The hydraulic device comprises a cooling and lubricating oil circuit and a pressure control oil circuit, wherein the cooling and lubricating oil circuit comprises a first oil tank, a first oil pump and a first oil circuit, the first oil tank being configured to supply oil to the first oil pump, and the first oil pump being configured to provide hydraulic oil for the first oil circuit, so as to cool and lubricate an electromechanical coupling transmission by means of the first oil circuit; the pressure control oil circuit comprises a second oil tank, a second oil pump and a second oil circuit, the second oil tank being configured to supply oil to the second oil pump, and the second oil pump being configured to provide hydraulic oil for the second oil circuit, so as to control the engagement and disengagement of a clutch of the electromechanical coupling transmission by means of the second oil circuit; and a first throttle valve is provided on the second oil circuit and configured to control the amount of oil supplemented to the second oil tank from the first oil circuit. The hydraulic device of the present invention realizes the efficient utilization of hydraulic oil.

The invention relates to a torque transmission device (1) for a motor vehicle comprising: - a friction device (2) for transmitting torques, - a piston device (3) for closing and opening the friction device (2), - wherein the piston device (3) has a first and a second piston part (4, 5), - wherein the friction device (2) in interaction with the piston device (3) forms a pressure chamber (D), so that the piston device (3) can be moved in the axial direction (A) due to a pressurised fluid in the pressure chamber (D), and - wherein the torque transmission device (1) has an adjusting device (8) with which the piston device (3) can be extended in the axial direction (A) in accordance with wear of the friction device (2). The invention further relates to a clutch or brake device for a motor vehicle with a torque transmission device (1). Furthermore, the invention relates to an electric drive axle for an electric motor vehicle.

The present invention relates to the field of clutch technology, in particular to a multi-mode clutch, comprising a clutch body and an actuator; the clutch body comprises an outer ring and an inner ring arranged coaxially, a control ring is arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, the outer peripheral surface of the control ring is penetrated by a plurality of windows along its circumferential direction, a roller is arranged in each of the plurality of windows, and the inner ring wall of the outer ring has a plurality of cavities corresponding to the rollers one by one; the distance from the middle part of the cavity bottom in the cavity to the outer ring wall of the inner ring is greater than the diameter of the roller, the left side surface of the cavity gradually tilts toward the inner ring from the cavity bottom to the left side surface, and the right side surface of the cavity gradually tilts toward the inner ring from the cavity bottom to the right side surface; the multi-mode clutch of the present invention causes the rollers on the control ring to be respectively located in three different working positions in the cavity as the control ring rotates, thereby realizing that the clutch has three working modes, and the control ring is driven to rotate by the actuator using a lever, thereby realizing free switching of the three working modes of the clutch.

Disclosed are an input drum assembly for improving performance of a 68RFE transmission and a method. The cooling and lubricating efficiencies of the input drum assembly in the 68RFE transmission can be improved by an input drum assembly and / or transmission housing; mounting spaces of clutch plates and clutch friction discs can be increased by the input drum assembly, so that thicknesses of the clutch plates 14 and discs or the number thereof can be increased, and a torque borne by the 68RFE transmission can be increased finally; a reinforcing rib is increased when the transmission housing is cast, so that the overall strength of the transmission housing can be enhanced; and an inner wall is cut after the transmission housing is cast, so that a diameter of the input drum assembly can be increased, thereby increasing diameters of the clutch plates and discs, and finally increasing the torque.

The invention discloses an electronic control pneumatic clutch control system and method based on a domain control principle and a vehicle, and relates to the field of automobiles. The system comprises a transmission control unit (TCU). The transmission control unit TCU is connected with a clutch control unit CCU through a signal transmission system, and the clutch control unit CCU is connected with a central clutch actuator CCA; the clutch control unit CCU comprises a gas supply module and an electric control module; the air supply module is connected with the electric control module and communicates the electric control module to the transmission control unit TCU; the electric control module comprises an electromagnetic valve assembly. The CCU is innovatively controlled according to a modular design mode through a domain control principle, the clutch control precision is met, meanwhile, the arrangement requirement of the CCU is lowered, and the overall hardware size is effectively reduced. The arrangement is more flexible, and the development cost is reduced.

The single-face wet clutch suitable for the narrow space comprises a clutch outer hub and a clutch inner hub, and a plurality of first clutch plates are arranged on the inner side of the clutch outer hub in a bonding mode; a plurality of second clutch plates are arranged on the inner side of the clutch inner hub in a bonding manner; the first clutch plate and the second clutch plate are oppositely arranged in a penetrating mode, and at least one of the contact faces of the first clutch plate and the second clutch plate is a curve face. The single-face clutch can shorten the axial size of the clutch assembly and is suitable for a narrow space with insufficient axial length; the bent clutch plates can enable the clutch plates to be distributed more evenly in the axial direction in the separation state, the combination and separation consistency of the clutch assembly is improved, meanwhile, the guide effect of oil in the radial outer side direction is improved through the bent clutch plates, the oil can be rapidly discharged, the lubricating and cooling effects can be rapidly achieved, the dragging torque is reduced, and the service life of the clutch assembly is prolonged. The product efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a sectional type self-adjusting control wet clutch, which belongs to the technical field of automatic gearboxes, and comprises a transmission shaft and a clutch piston cylinder, a piston is arranged in a piston cavity of the clutch piston cylinder, the acting surface of the piston is divided into an inner acting surface and an outer acting surface, and a baffle ring is arranged in the clutch piston cylinder. The piston cavity is divided into a first cavity body and a third cavity body by the baffle ring, the first cavity body is communicated with a main oil duct in the transmission shaft, and the inner acting surface and the outer acting surface are respectively positioned in the first cavity body and the third cavity body; a mounting hole extending in the radial direction is further formed in the clutch piston cylinder, a plurality of through holes are formed between the mounting hole and the piston cavity and include a first throttling hole, a second throttling hole, a third throttling hole and a second oil drainage hole, and the clutch piston cylinder is further provided with a first oil drainage hole communicated with the mounting hole. A gear shifting auxiliary control valve is arranged in the mounting hole and comprises a base, a valve piston, a valve rod and a valve sleeve which are sequentially arranged. Auxiliary adjustment of each control stage of the clutch in the gear shifting process can be achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of hybrid power vehicles, in particular to a clutch assembly for a hybrid power system, the hybrid power system, a control method and device of the hybrid power system, a vehicle and a storage medium. The clutch assembly includes: a power input shaft; the power input shaft is sleeved with the one-way clutch, the driving gear and the thrust transmission assembly. The one-way clutch comprises an inner ring assembly. The driving gear comprises a connecting shaft, and the outer side wall of the connecting shaft is used for being matched with the movable body of the inner ring assembly. The thrust transmission assembly is used for triggering the one-way clutch to rotate relative to the power input shaft so that the one-way clutch and the driving gear can be switched between the self-locking state and the separation state. The self-locking state means that the movable body abuts against the outer side wall of the connecting shaft; and the separation state means that a gap is formed between the movable body and the outer side wall of the connecting shaft. According to the clutch assembly disclosed by the invention, the required hydraulic pressure can be reduced, the switching efficiency of series-parallel connection modes is improved, the driving and riding comfort is improved, and the dragging and friction loss can be reduced.

In order to solve the problems of output port rotation after the power take-off is disengaged and the oil chamber sharing and sequence of the friction gear-engaging structure and the brake locking structure, the present invention provides a friction power take-off with a built-in brake structure, comprising a housing, an output end cover, an output shaft, an output gear sequentially sleeved on the output shaft from the inside to the outside, a gear-engaging piston, a brake piston and a brake locking assembly, a clutch friction plate group is also arranged between the output gear and the output shaft, the brake locking assembly comprises a first brake shoe for abutting against the inner wall of the output end cover, a closed cavity is arranged between the gear-engaging piston and the brake piston, the gear-engaging piston drives the clutch friction plate group to fix and separate the output gear and the output shaft, drives the brake piston to drive the brake locking assembly to lock and separate with the output end cover, thereby realizing the disengagement and engagement of the power take-off during vehicle driving, and the brake locking device avoids the rotation of the output port and the influence on the rear connection mechanism after the power take-off is disengaged.

The high-speed hot die forging press clutch precision guidance device comprises a clutch, a phenolic aldehyde laminated cloth ring guide rail is arranged between a clutch piston and a clutch piston cover in the radial circumferential direction, and the clutch piston slides relative to the clutch piston cover in a matched mode through the phenolic aldehyde laminated cloth ring guide rail; the clutch pressure plate comprises a pressure plate body and a protruding guide plate, self-lubricating guide plates are arranged between the two sides of the protruding guide plate and the flywheel guide groove in a matched mode, the clutch pressure plate slides relative to the flywheel in a matched mode through the self-lubricating guide plates, and the main guide clearance fit condition is that (phi A-phi a) / phi a = 0.00045-0.00055. And the auxiliary guide clearance fit condition is as follows: (Phi G-Phi g) / Phi B is equal to 0.00075-0.00085. The problems that the clutch cannot be opened to cause an accident due to thermal temperature rise expansion of the high-speed hot die forging press during long-time operation and abnormal sound is generated when the clutch is started and operated due to simple reservation and increase of a fit clearance are solved, and reliable, stable and effective operation of the high-speed hot die forging press and a precision clutch of an automatic line under the condition of large temperature rise is realized.

A spring assembly for the clutch of an automatic transmission includes a plurality of springs residing between upper and lower retaining rings which are secured together with a plurality of fasteners. The spring assembly is compressed against the force of the springs when the clutch piston is applied to engage the clutch, and then expanded when the clutch piston is released to disengage the clutch. The fasteners of the spring assembly eliminate radial movement of the rings relative to one another and control the axial movement of either of the upper and lower spring retaining rings.

A hybrid drive device includes a first transmitting shaft coupled to an output shaft of an engine and a second transmitting shaft coupled to a rotor of a rotary electric machine and a transmission, the first transmitting shaft is supported in a radial direction between a first end portion on the engine side and a second end portion on the transmission side in an axial direction by a case via a first radial bearing, the second end portion of the first transmitting shaft is inserted into an end portion on the engine side of the second transmitting shaft formed in a tubular shape, a second radial bearing that supports the second transmitting shaft in the radial direction is disposed between an outer peripheral surface of the second end portion of the first transmitting shaft and an inner peripheral surface of the end portion of the second transmitting shaft, and the second transmitting shaft is supported in the radial direction by a shaft support portion provided in the case on the transmission side of the end portion via a third radial bearing. Thus, it is possible to shorten the axial length of the hybrid drive device while suppressing a shaft runout of a transmitting shaft that coupled the rotor of the rotary electric machine and the transmission.

Actuation of a hydraulic device that provides a hydraulic supply to a torque-transmitting device is provided. An electrically operated pump is operated in a first operating state. The first operating state has a primary pump rotational speed that provides a first fluid pressure to the torque-transmitting device via a fluid tract. A switchover process is initiated to operate the electrically operated pump device in a second operating state based on a second fluid pressure and a second fluid target pressure. The second operating state has a secondary pump rotational speed that provides the second fluid pressure to the torque-transmitting device via the fluid tract. During operation of the hydraulic device, the secondary pump rotational speed for the switchover process is determined based on a first power value. The first power value includes electrical pump power of the pump device in a preceding switchover process.

The utility model provides a clutch return structure which comprises a main clutch combination driving oil cylinder and a transmission rod, the main clutch combination driving oil cylinder drives the transmission rod to conduct tightening action, a clutch connecting rod is installed on the transmission rod, and the clutch connecting rod is used for being connected with a clutch. By arranging the flameout clutch disconnection driving device, when an engine is in a normal working state, the main clutch combination driving oil cylinder shrinks, the driving spring is in a compressed state, when the engine suddenly flames out, the driving spring is released, and the engine is driven to stop working. And the transmission rod moves to push the clutch of the load to be disconnected, so that the load is disconnected, the engine is in an idle state at the moment, and the engine is in a no-load starting state when restarted, the engine can be effectively protected, and compared with the prior art, the service life of the engine is longer, and the cost is indirectly reduced.

The invention relates to a torque transmission device (1), notably for a motor vehicle, comprising: – a torque input element (2), able to be rotationally coupled to a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine, – a torque output element (3), able to be rotationally coupled to at least one gearbox input shaft and / or to a rotary electric machine, the torque input element being able to pivot with respect to the torque output element about an axis of rotation, – at least one elastic return member (4) acting against the rotation of the output element with respect to the input element, – a clutch (5) selectively and through friction coupling the input and output elements, – an intermediate element (6) arranged between the elastic return member and the clutch so as to transmit the torque, and – a clutch actuation member (7), characterized in that the elastic return member, the clutch and the actuation member succeed one another radially.

The utility model relates to a clutch structure of a marine gearbox. A brake clutch structure for a PTO comprises a box body and a PTO output shaft, the PTO output shaft is sleeved with a PTO clutch shell in a heating mode, the PTO clutch structure is installed at one end of the PTO clutch shell, a brake clutch is installed on the outer side of the PTO output shaft, and the brake clutch comprises a brake clutch shell, a brake clutch seat brake piston, a return piston and a brake clutch friction plate set. A brake working oil cavity is arranged between the brake clutch shell and the brake piston, the brake working oil cavity is communicated with a PTO lubricating oil way, a brake return oil cavity is arranged between the brake piston and the return piston, and the brake return oil cavity is communicated with a PTO working oil way. The brake clutch structure for the PTO is convenient to install, reliable in brake, thorough in brake release and timely in response. The technical problems that in the prior art, braking of an output shaft of a PTO clutch is not reliable, and response of a brake is not rapid enough when the PTO clutch is closed and arranged are solved.