The invention provides a gasoline-electric and hydraulic compound hybrid power transmission system which is composed of an engine and mechanical transmission module, an electric transmission module and a hydraulic transmission module, wherein the engine and mechanical transmission module comprises an engine, a power distributor, a clutch, a gear transmission mechanism and a differential mechanism; the electric transmission module comprises a first motor, a second motor, a power battery pack and an electric control system, and the hydraulic transmission module comprises a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic energy accumulator and a hydraulic control system. The gasoline-electric and hydraulic compound hybrid power transmission system is efficient, energy-saving and environmental friendly; in the state of forward gear, a gasoline-electric and hydraulic compound mode can be switched to a gasoline-electric hybrid power transmission mode, a mechanical-hydraulic split/parallel transmission mode, a motor-mechanical power transmission mode, a gasoline-electric series transmission mode, a gasoline-hydraulic series transmission mode or an electric-hydraulic series power transmission mode, and stepless speed change of a vehicle is realized in the modes, and the gasoline-electric and hydraulic compound mode also can be switched to an engine-mechanical power transmission mode.