786 results about "Lead–acid battery" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of echelon recycling of retired lead-acid storage batteries, and particularly relates to a lead-acid storage battery capacity consistency screening method based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy characteristic parameters. The method comprises the following steps: by taking 104 power grid decommissioned GFM series valve-regulated sealed lead-acid storage batteries as objects, firstly, measuring an electrochemical impedance spectrum in a range of 0.01 Hz-1 kHz by utilizing a Coster CS2350H electrochemical workstation, acquiring data by injecting a tiny voltage signal, and calculating impedance through Fourier transform; and then the actual residual capacity is measured through a specific charging and discharging process by using charging and discharging testing equipment. According to a measured impedance spectrum curve, after effectiveness is detected through KK transformation, part of frequency band data is removed, LR (CR) (QR) is selected to establish an equivalent circuit model, impedance spectrum fitting is carried out to determine capacity consistency screening characteristic parameters, finally 24 single batteries with good capacity consistency are screened out from 104 batteries to be recombined and reused, the difference between the maximum capacity and the minimum capacity of the selected batteries is only 48Ah, and the maximum capacity and the minimum capacity of the selected batteries are only 48Ah. And an effective way is provided for improving the screening efficiency and resource reutilization of the retired lead-acid storage battery.

A positioning and clamping apparatus includes a hoisting unit including a support plate, two piston members, two first actuators, two hoisting plates, and an interconnection plate; a transporting unit including a second actuator, two movement rods, and a transporting plate; and a micro adjustment positioning unit including a limiting plate, two follower plates, two sliding members, a third actuator, and a positioning plate. The positioning and clamping apparatus is used for cell electrode plate groups, lead bridges, and lead heads of a lead-acid battery.

The invention provides an intelligent response nano-film and application thereof in waste lead-acid storage battery electrolyte recycling, and relates to the technical field of waste lead-acid storage battery electrolyte recycling, the intelligent response nano-film breaks through performance limitation of an existing film system through a specific intelligent material structure, and when heavy metal ions such as Pb < 2 + >, Fe < 3 + > and Cu < 2 + > enter the film, the intelligent response nano-film can be recycled, and the service life of the intelligent response nano-film is prolonged. The metal ligands are combined with metal ions to cause local shrinkage or closing of pore channels, so that the active defense and intelligent blocking effects of blocking heavy metals are achieved; and when SO4 < 2-> and H < + > pass through the channel, membrane pore channels are kept in an open state, so that rapid acid flux (namely the amount of substance passing through the membrane layer in unit time) of sulfuric acid is realized. The intelligent response nano film has a programmable aperture of a polymer liquid crystal network and an intelligent response valve mechanism of metal, and selective separation of heavy metal and sulfuric acid is realized by stimulating reversible adjustment of an induced film structure.

The present application relates to the technical field of lead-acid battery electrode, aiming at the problem of thick lead paste on the existing lead-acid battery plate, large resistance during charging and poor rate discharge performance of the battery, a preparation method of lead-acid battery membrane electrode is disclosed, comprising the following steps: adding a binder to the prepared lead paste, rolling the lead paste containing the binder on the lead skin to form a lead paste film layer, immersing the lead skin and the attached lead paste film layer in a sulfuric acid solution, and solidifying and drying after taking out; the binder is polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion or a binder containing polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion. Unlike the high molecular film attached to the surface of the lead-acid battery plate in the prior art, the present application obtains a thin film electrode with thin thickness, uniform active material dispersion, large active material and current collector contact area and good conductivity, and has the advantages of large rate charge and discharge cycle.

The invention discloses a composite cathode and anode plate made of a lead-carbon composite material, the composite cathode and anode plate comprises a current collector, a transition layer and an active layer which are compounded in sequence, the transition layer tightly coats the outer surface of the current collector, the active layer tightly coats the outer surface of the transition layer, and the composite cathode and anode plate is prepared by the following method: S1, preparing the composite cathode and anode plate; raw material pretreatment: placing the carbon material in a vacuum oven; according to the invention, the structural design of the composite negative plate and the preparation process are integrated, so that accurate matching of the raw material ratio and the process parameters is realized, and many defects of the traditional electrode are effectively solved; the three-layer gradient structure improves the interface bonding force, and delamination is avoided; the optimized raw material system and the preparation process have a synergistic effect, so that the hydrogen evolution overpotential is remarkably improved, the internal resistance is reduced, the cycle life is prolonged, the low-temperature performance is improved, the energy density is improved, and a reliable technical scheme is provided for the application of the lead-acid storage battery in the high-end field.

A positioning apparatus includes a support structure including a top plate and legs extending downward from four corners of the top plate; a hoisting unit including a first hoisting plate, piston members, a second hoisting plate, two pressing blocks, and a first actuator; and a clamping unit including two opposite second actuators and two pushing blocks. The positioning apparatus is used for cell electrode plate groups of a lead-acid battery.

The invention discloses a method and a system for estimating the state of charge of a lead-acid storage battery, and relates to the technical field of batteries, standard discharge data and discharge data of the lead-acid storage battery are acquired, capacity prediction is performed on the standard discharge data and the discharge data by adopting a pre-trained discharge capacity detection model, and the state of charge of the lead-acid storage battery is estimated. And obtaining a discharge capacity value and a standard discharge capacity value, and carrying out charge state analysis on the discharge capacity value and the standard discharge capacity value to obtain a charge state estimation value corresponding to the lead-acid storage battery. The technical problem that in the prior art, the state of charge of the lead-acid storage battery is mainly predicted through a pre-trained feedforward neural network model, but most of discharge data in a project is incomplete discharge, so that the model is difficult to obtain an accurate estimation result is solved.

The invention provides a method for repairing an electric return lead-acid storage battery by using a zwitter-ion additive, which comprises the following steps of: preparing the zwitter-ion additive with sulfonic acid group and amino group, and compounding the zwitter-ion additive with conductive carbon with acidified surface to prepare repairing liquid; opening an upper cover plate and a safety valve of the battery, adding a certain amount of deionized water, standing, and extracting redundant flowing liquid; after a certain amount of repairing liquid is added, low-current charging is adopted, and electrified pumping is in a barren solution state; the steps are repeated, overcharging is carried out with smaller current, and stopping is carried out; and then the battery air hole cover is reset and fixed again. And finally, testing the repaired battery, and checking the repairing effect. The method can solve the problems that the residual capacity of the returned lead-acid storage battery for electric power is high, and resources are wasted when the lead-acid storage battery is directly subjected to hazardous waste treatment; and meanwhile, the updating frequency of the lead-acid storage battery for power is reduced, and the power operation cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a lead-acid battery production process, and relates to the technical field of lead-acid battery production, and the lead-acid battery production process comprises the following steps: S1, lead powder preparation: carrying out grain cutting and closed Balton ball milling on an electrolytic lead ingot to obtain lead powder with BET0.65-0.75 m / g and apparent density 1.10-1.20 g / cm < 3 >, and the nitrogen-sealed oxygen content of a lead powder bin is less than or equal to 5vol%; s2, grid casting: heating the lead-calcium-tin-aluminum alloy to 480 + / -10 DEG C in a lead smelting furnace, and casting the lead-calcium-tin-aluminum alloy into a grid with the thickness tolerance of + / -0.05 mm through a continuous casting machine; s3, performing paste mixing; the device has the advantages that through side insertion of the inverted dovetail groove, isolation of the hydrophilic PET thin sheet and blocking of the top air curtain, condensate is guided to the collecting tank along the thin sheet and is pumped out in real time, no PbSO4 white ring is left on the surface of the polar plate, and the powder falling rate of the follow-up slicing and vibration procedures is remarkably reduced.

The invention relates to a lead-acid battery negative electrode additive as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lead-acid storage batteries. The additive consists of sulfonated modified lignosulfonate (component A), a graphene oxide-carbon nanotube hybrid conductive agent (component B) and a mixture of modified humic acid and boric acid (component C) which are respectively used as a crystallization template agent, a conductive network construction agent and an interface film forming regulator. During preparation, a component A is prepared through a sulfomethylation reaction, a component B is prepared through ultrasonic mixing of graphene oxide and a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid, a component C is prepared after humic acid is subjected to acid pickling purification and oxidation treatment and then mixed with boric acid, and finally the three components are mixed to obtain a finished product. The additive is added into the negative electrode lead paste, can inhibit negative electrode sulfation, improve electrode conductivity, reduce hydrogen evolution side reaction and prolong the cycle life and charge-discharge efficiency of the battery, and is suitable for production of various lead-acid batteries.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lead-acid storage battery unformed plate lead plaster filling manufacturing, and discloses a device for online automatic detection of unformed plate lead plaster moisture after surface drying, the device comprises a conveying device and a drying kiln mounted above the conveying device, one side of the drying kiln is provided with a controller, and the other side of the drying kiln is provided with a controller. Relative humidity range information can be converted into moisture content information through program setting in the controller, the moisture content and relative humidity data are detected through the dry-wet temperature sensor, the corresponding range can be found out, the heating temperature and the moisture content of the adjustable heating device in the drying kiln are controlled through the controller, the temperature in the drying kiln is reduced, and the temperature in the drying kiln is reduced. On the contrary, if the moisture content is high and the temperature in the drying kiln rises, the temperature in the drying kiln is regulated and controlled in real time, so that moisture detection of the lead plaster on the green plate is realized by detecting the relative air humidity at the tail end of the drying kiln, manual operation is reduced, and the consistency of surface dry moisture of the green plate is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a multi-stage treatment method and system for lead smelting wastewater. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring water quality data of the multi-source lead-acid storage battery smelting wastewater, and based on the water quality data, analyzing to obtain a battery wastewater multiphase feature set; on the basis, the information of the stabilized intermediate water body is obtained by dynamically adjusting the hydrogen ion concentration, breaking a complexing structure and preferentially separating fluoride; on the basis, the antimony valence state and the antimony concentration are monitored in real time, the oxidizing agent type and the reaction intensity are matched in a self-adaptive mode, oriented efficient conversion of antimony is achieved, and low-antimony pre-sedimentation water outlet information is obtained; on the basis, according to the dynamic proportion of the inlet water hydrogen ion concentration to the lead and antimony ions, a precipitation path control instruction is automatically switched, a purified water body with lead and antimony synchronously and deeply removed is obtained, and a lead smelting wastewater multi-stage treatment log is output. Harmful pollutants in the lead smelting wastewater process are efficiently removed, the method adapts to water quality fluctuation, consumption reduction and cost saving are achieved, compliance treatment of wastewater is achieved, and environment-friendly and economic values are achieved.

A battery management system for batteries, such as, but not limited to, electric vehicle battery packs and cells, lithium iron phosphate batteries, lead acid batteries, gel batteries, and absorbed gel mat batteries, in engine start applications is disclosed. The battery management system is configured to control the charge and charging of each cell individually. The battery management system may be configured to control the charge of a battery which may consist of a plurality of cells, such as, but not limited to, lithium iron phosphate cells, and in at least one embodiment, the battery may consist of, but is not limited to being formed from, four lithium iron phosphate cells connected in series and a battery management system to ensure proper charge and safe operation.

A battery such as, but not limited to, electric vehicle battery packs and cells, lithium iron phosphate batteries, lead acid batteries, gel batteries, and absorbed gel mat batteries, may include a battery management system for engine start applications. The battery may include a first power port configured to receive power from a first power source and a second power port configured to received power from a second power source, whereby the first and second power sources are different.

A lead-acid storage battery gel electrolyte resistance testing device belongs to the technical field of lead-acid storage battery testing and comprises a support, a container is arranged on the support, and a pressing mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the container. According to the invention, a four-terminal alternating current method measurer is adopted to measure the electrolyte resistance, so that the precision of electrolyte resistance measurement is improved. Graphite is used as an electrode, so that the accuracy of electrolyte resistance measurement is improved, in addition, in order to increase the contact area between the electrolyte and the lower graphite disc and the contact area between the electrolyte and the upper graphite disc, hemispherical contacts are arranged on the contact surface between the lower graphite disc and the electrolyte, and the contact area between the lower graphite disc and the upper graphite disc is increased. A lower convex ring and a radiation strip are arranged on the contact surface of the upper graphite disc and the electrolyte, in addition, the end parts of the lower graphite disc and the upper graphite disc are designed through a conductive conical column and a connecting conical column which are made of copper alloy and through a conical surface structure, and meanwhile, electric force compound grease with copper, aluminum and other particles is filled between the conductive conical column and the connecting conical column; therefore, the electrical conductivity is improved.

The invention discloses a SOM-GA-XGBoost hybrid model-based ex-service lead-acid storage battery state-of-health estimation method, and relates to the field of ex-service lead-acid storage battery state-of-health estimation. By measuring an electrochemical impedance spectrum of an ex-service lead-acid storage battery, an appropriate equivalent circuit model is established according to the curve shape of the electrochemical impedance spectrum; fitting the electrochemical impedance spectrum by using an equivalent circuit model to obtain corresponding equivalent circuit element parameters; dynamic response parameters of the lead-acid storage battery are obtained through a mixed pulse power characteristic test; and establishing an SOM-GA-XGBoost hybrid model, and exploring the corresponding relationship between the characteristic parameters obtained by the experiment and the residual capacity of the decommissioned lead-acid storage battery to realize the health state estimation of the decommissioned lead-acid storage battery. According to the method, the characteristic parameters related to the health state of the decommissioned lead-acid storage battery are obtained from the performance test of the lead-acid storage battery, the residual service life trend of the lead-acid storage battery is more accurately captured, and the predicted value of the model is basically consistent with the change of the true value.

The invention relates to the technical field of storage batteries, in particular to a balanced maintenance device and method for online monitoring of a lead-acid storage battery pack, and the method comprises the steps: a battery online monitoring module obtains the residual capacity of a battery according to the charging and discharging current of the lead-acid storage battery pack; the battery equalization control module measures the voltage of the single batteries of the lead-acid storage battery pack by using a divider resistance method; when it is monitored that the voltage difference between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single batteries of the lead-acid storage battery pack exceeds a preset voltage difference threshold value or the difference value of the residual capacities of the different single batteries exceeds a preset electric quantity difference threshold value, a pulse width modulation signal is output; and the battery discharge control module regulates and controls the balanced discharge power of the power resistor according to the pulse width modulation signal and the temperature value of the power resistor radiator, and carries out balanced discharge control through the balanced discharge power. According to the invention, the balanced discharge power of the power resistor is cooperatively controlled by dynamically adjusting the duty ratio of the pulse width modulation signal and the temperature, so that balanced discharge of the battery pack is effectively ensured.

The invention relates to a valve-regulated lead-acid storage battery cross-scale joint estimation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: synchronously collecting voltage, current, temperature and ultrasonic signals, generating a high-dimensional feature tensor through space-time alignment and feature construction, and dividing the high-dimensional feature tensor into a physical mechanism channel and a data driving channel; the standardized features are input into a Group-Radial KAN network, orthogonal grouping modeling is carried out according to physical attributes, and nonlinear mapping is carried out by adopting a rational fraction; generating a physical prior weight based on equivalent circuit parameters of physical mechanism channel identification, and dynamically fusing the physical prior weight with a data-driven attention weight to realize feature weighting of physical guidance; sOC and SOH are jointly estimated through double-branch output, and the physical constraint weight and the capacity regeneration suppression coefficient are dynamically adjusted by a degradation stage self-adaptive module according to the cycle index and the SOH. The method significantly improves the estimation robustness of extreme working conditions and aging stages, effectively inhibits the capacity regeneration interference, has the full-life-cycle adaptive capability and the edge deployment feasibility, and greatly improves the estimation efficiency on the premise of not increasing the reasoning time consumption. The problem of estimation distortion caused by poor robustness of a data-driven model and capacity regeneration in the later stage of aging under extreme working conditions is solved.

The invention relates to a method for recycling lead by treating lead plaster of a waste lead-acid storage battery, and belongs to the technical field of lead secondary resource recycling. The method comprises the following steps: (1) slurrying lead paste with water to obtain slurry; adding sodium carbonate and sodium sulfite into the slurry, heating and then carrying out reduction-conversion reaction under a certain temperature condition to obtain a reaction mixture containing a lead-containing solid and a liquid phase; (2) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reaction mixture obtained in the step (1) under the condition that the temperature is not lower than 40 DEG C to obtain a lead-containing solid; (3) drying the lead-containing solid obtained in the step (2) to obtain a dried lead-containing material; and (4) the dried lead-containing material obtained in the step (3) is subjected to high-temperature reduction smelting, and metal lead is obtained. According to the method, a wet process and a pyrogenic process are adopted, the used raw materials such as sodium carbonate, sodium sulfite and pea coal are cheap and easy to obtain, the whole technological process is short, operation is easy, the lead recovery rate is high, and industrial large-scale application and popularization are facilitated.

The utility model discloses a burr removing device for a lead-acid storage battery grid. The burr removing device comprises a supporting sliding frame assembly and a burr removing mechanism installed on the supporting sliding frame assembly. The burr removing mechanism is adjustably mounted on the supporting sliding frame assembly and is used for removing burrs at different positions of the grid; according to the technical scheme, the burr removing mechanism is installed on the supporting sliding frame assembly, adjustment of different positions of the burr removing mechanism is achieved, burr positions of different grids can be correspondingly removed conveniently, contact friction is conducted on the surface of a grid belt through the burr removing mechanism, and the burr removing efficiency is improved. The burrs on the surface of the grid are correspondingly removed, and the surface quality of the grid is improved.

According to the valve-regulated lead-acid storage battery state-of-health assessment method and system provided by the invention, the characteristic frequency points which are not sensitive to the change of the charge state but sensitive to the aging degree in the relaxation time distribution map of the battery are innovatively screened, and the multi-parameter fusion assessment model based on the polarization impedance, the ohmic internal resistance and the residual capacity is established; the defect that a single capacity index cannot reflect a historical aging path of the battery is overcome, the future attenuation trend of the battery can be predicted while the current health state is accurately quantified, the influence of charge state fluctuation on health assessment is effectively avoided based on a dual-stability screening mechanism of a characteristic frequency point, the assessment reliability under a complex working condition is improved, and the assessment accuracy is improved. The full-band impedance test is simplified into specific target frequency point measurement, so that the detection time is greatly shortened, and the on-site rapid evaluation requirement is met.

The utility model discloses a terminal polishing device for a lead-acid storage battery, and relates to the technical field of storage battery production. The device comprises a support which is provided with a top plate, and the top plate is connected with a telescopic device. The telescopic device is connected with a lifting plate, and the lifting plate is connected with a motor, rotationally connected with a driving wheel in transmission connection with the motor and rotationally connected with two rotating shafts. The upper end of the rotating shaft is connected with a driven wheel; the driving wheel is in transmission connection with the two driven wheels through a transmission belt and used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, the storage battery terminal is ground through the grinding head, the grinding head comprises an end face brush and a plurality of brush strips evenly distributed on the circumferential face of the end face brush in the circumferential direction, and the end face and the circumferential face of the terminal are ground and polished at the same time. By means of the end face brush and the brush strips evenly distributed on the circumferential face of the end face brush in the circumferential direction, the end face and the circumferential face of the terminal can be ground and polished at the same time, and the problems that grinding on the circumferential face of an existing terminal is not uniform, and the overall grinding and polishing effect is poor are solved.

The invention provides a continuous negative pressure synchronous rapid electrolyte injection process for a lead-acid storage battery, which comprises the following steps: S1, electrolyte injection pretreatment: firstly, connecting a four-ring coaxial electrolyte injection head with an electrolyte injection port of the lead-acid storage battery, starting a negative pressure vacuum pump to pump the negative pressure of the lead-acid storage battery to initial high negative pressure-85kPa, s2, synchronous electrolyte injection: after the working negative pressure of a negative pressure vacuum pump is adjusted, the electrolyte is immediately injected into the lead-acid storage battery in a continuous negative pressure state, and the pressure, flow and temperature parameters during electrolyte injection are monitored through a monitoring device; and then calculating an optimal pressure relief curve according to the battery model, and standing the lead-acid storage battery after pressure relief is finished, so that the production efficiency of the lead-acid storage battery is improved, gas in a polar plate and a partition plate can be completely discharged, the initial capacity of the battery is improved, and the performance fluctuation of the batteries among batches and in the batches is reduced.

The utility model provides a tray device for a lead-acid storage battery, which comprises a bottom box, a tray and a tray, the multiple sliding assemblies are arranged between the bottom box and the two moving boxes correspondingly, each sliding assembly comprises a sliding groove, a sliding block is slidably connected to the interior of each sliding groove, the sliding blocks are connected with the moving boxes, external thread blocks are connected to the surfaces of the sliding blocks, and the external thread blocks are connected to the surfaces of the sliding blocks. And the surface of the external threaded block is in threaded connection with a threaded sleeve, and a sealing gasket is bonded to the bottom of the inner wall of the movable box. According to the tray device for the lead-acid storage batteries, the moving boxes are arranged at the left end and the right end of the bottom box to be used in cooperation with the sliding grooves and the sliding blocks, the size between the bottom box and the two moving boxes can be adjusted according to the number and the size of the installed lead-acid storage batteries, and the tray device can replace an existing tray with the fixed size to be used.

The application discloses a glass fiber separator for lead-acid storage batteries and a preparation process thereof and belongs to the technical field of automobile lead-acid storage batteries. The separator is prepared from superfine glass fibers as a base, with the addition of nano-silicon dioxide fillers, nano-attapulgite-nano-boron nitride modifiers, dispersants, binders and acid-resistant stabilizers, and is prepared through wet papermaking, segmented drying and hot-pressing shaping. The separator has the advantages of high porosity, fast acid absorption speed, high tensile strength, acid-erosion resistance and low thermal shrinkage rate, and the 100% DOD cycle life of an assembled battery can reach 912 times, the service life of a starting battery for an automobile is significantly prolonged, the process is stable and environment-friendly, and the process is suitable for industrial mass production.

To provide a lead acid battery that can improve heavy load life performance.SOLUTION: A lead acid battery includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a porous film interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, and an electrolyte, and the porous film contains a resin, in an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the porous film, a ratio expressed as I110 / (I110+I200) is 0.6 or more, where I110 is the integrated intensity of the diffraction peak corresponding to the (110) plane and I200 is the integrated intensity of the diffraction peak corresponding to the (200) plane, and the chemical oxygen demand of the electrolyte is less than 170 mg / L.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The invention discloses a tubular power type colloid lead-acid storage battery formation process, and relates to the technical field of lead-acid storage batteries. A one-time formation mode is adopted, the battery is connected into an electrolyte circulating flow system, sulfuric acid electrolyte containing phosphoric acid is poured, standing is carried out, a charging program is started, after multi-stage charging and discharging programs are carried out, discharging protection is carried out, the sulfuric acid electrolyte is discharged, colloid electrolyte is poured, charging is continued until battery gelling is carried out, and formation is finished. According to the invention, a complicated gel battery formation process flow is reduced into a one-time formation method, and the sulfuric acid electrolyte does not need to be subjected to high-low density switching in the production process or the sulfuric acid electrolyte is manually poured out one by one; a special charging and discharging process is adopted, so that the manufacturing energy consumption of the storage battery can be effectively reduced, the formation period and the charging multiple are close to those of a flooded tubular power battery, the production period of the gel battery is greatly shortened, efficient and stable conversion of active substances is realized, the initial performance and the service life of the gel battery are improved, and the manufacturing cost of the product is reduced.

The present invention discloses a method for calculating the maximum operable distance of an elevator during emergency operation during a power outage, comprising: step S1, establishing a lead-acid battery model; step S2, establishing a lead-acid battery load model based on the lead-acid battery model; and step S3, using the lead-acid battery load model to simulate and calculate the maximum operable distance of the elevator based on elevator parameters. The present invention can predict the maximum operable distance of an elevator during emergency operation during a power outage.

A lead-acid battery 1 comprises: a battery case 20; an electricity storage element 30 and an electrolyte 35 which are housed in the battery case 20; a lid member 50 for sealing the upper surface of the battery case 20; and a vent plug 70 attached to the lid member 50. A plug body 71 of the vent plug 70 includes: a head portion 73 having an exhaust hole 73B; and a cylindrical portion 75 which protrudes downward from the head portion 73 and has an opening 76 at a tip. When the lead-acid battery 1 is in the upright or inverted position, the opening 76 at the cylinder tip of the cylindrical portion 75 of the vent plug 70 is positioned above a liquid surface of the electrolyte 35, and the opening 76 at the cylinder tip is closed by a wall.

This invention relates to a method for preparing monocrystalline lead oxide from waste lead paste using a low-temperature pyrometallurgical process, belonging to the field of resource recycling technology for waste lead-acid batteries. The invention involves removing waste positive and negative electrode plates from lead-acid batteries and washing them with water; peeling waste lead paste from the grids of the waste positive and negative electrode plates, grinding and sieving to obtain waste lead paste powder; mixing the waste lead paste powder with a desulfurizing agent, a desulfurization aid, and a crystal form control agent to obtain mixture A; calcining mixture A at 400-600℃ for 2-8 hours, followed by furnace cooling to obtain mixture B; washing and drying mixture B to obtain monocrystalline lead oxide, which is α-PbO, β-PbO, or Pb3O4. This invention directly uses waste lead paste from lead-acid batteries for a one-step low-temperature pyrometallurgical process to prepare monocrystalline lead oxide. The desulfurizing agent can directly desulfurize the waste lead paste, the desulfurization aid can lower the calcination temperature, and the crystal form control agent regulates the crystal structure of the generated lead oxide species, resulting in monocrystalline lead oxide with high purity and good crystallinity.