2359results about "Lead-acid accumulator electrodes" patented technology

This invention provides a hybrid nano-filament composition for use as an electrochemical cell electrode. The composition comprises: (a) an aggregate of nanometer-scaled, electrically conductive filaments that are substantially interconnected, intersected, or percolated to form a porous, electrically conductive filament network comprising substantially interconnected pores, wherein the filaments have an elongate dimension and a first transverse dimension with the first transverse dimension being less than 500 nm (preferably less than 100 nm) and an aspect ratio of the elongate dimension to the first transverse dimension greater than 10; and (b) micron- or nanometer-scaled coating that is deposited on a surface of the filaments, wherein the coating comprises an anode active material capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium ions and the coating has a thickness less than 20 μm (preferably less than 1 μm). Also provided is a lithium ion battery comprising such an electrode as an anode. The battery exhibits an exceptionally high specific capacity, an excellent reversible capacity, and a long cycle life.

A lead-acid battery comprising: at least one lead-based negative electrode; at least one lead dioxide-based positive electrode; at least one capacitor electrode; and electrolyte in contact with the electrodes; wherein a battery part is formed by the lead based negative electrode and the lead dioxide-based positive electrode; and an asymmetric capacitor part is formed by the capacitor electrode and one electrode selected from the lead based negative electrode and the lead-dioxide based positive electrode; and wherein all negative electrodes are connected to a negative busbar, and all positive electrodes are connected to a positive busbar. The capacitor electrode may be a capacitor negative electrode comprising carbon and an additive mixture selected from oxides, hydroxides or sulfates of lead, zinc, cadmium, silver and bismuth, or a capacitor negative electrode comprising carbon, red lead, antimony in oxide, hydroxide or sulfate form, and optionally other additives. The capacitor electrode may be used in asymmetric capacitors and batteries of other types.

The present application is directed to carbon materials comprising an optimized pore structure. The carbon materials comprise enhanced electrochemical properties and find utility in any number of electrical devices, for example, as electrode material in ultracapacitors. Methods for making the disclosed carbon materials are also disclosed.

The present application is directed to methods for preparation of carbon materials. The carbon materials comprise enhanced electrochemical properties and find utility in any number of electrical devices, for example, as electrode material in ultracapacitors or batteries.

The invention relates to an article comprising: a) one or more stacks of battery plates comprising one or more bipolar plates; b) located between each plate is a separator and a liquid electrolyte; further comprising one of more of the features: 1) c) the one or more stacks of battery plates having a plurality of channels passing transversely though the portion of the plates having the cathode and / or the anode deposited thereon; and d) i) one or more seals about the periphery of the channels which prevent the leakage of the liquid electrolyte into the channels, and / or posts located in one or more of the channels having on each end an overlapping portion that covers the channel and sealing surface on the outside of the monopolar plates adjacent to the holes for the transverse channels and applies pressure on the sealing surface of the monopolar plates wherein the pressure is sufficient to withstand pressures created during assembly and operation of electrochemical cells created by the stacks of battery plates; 2) c) a membrane comprising a thermoplastic polymer is disposed about the entire periphery of the edges of the stack of plates; 3) wherein the separator is in the form of a sheet having adhered to its periphery a frame; and 4) c) an integrated valve and integrated channel communicating with the valve.

The present application is directed to carbon materials comprising an optimized pore structure. The carbon materials comprise enhanced electrochemical properties and find utility in any number of electrical devices, for example, as electrode material in ultracapacitors. Methods for making the disclosed carbon materials are also disclosed.

The present invention is directed to energy storage devices, such as lead-acid batteries, and methods of improving the performance thereof, through the incorporation of one or more carbon-based additives.

A high capacity solid state composite cathode contains an active cathode material dispersed in an amorphous inorganic ionically conductive metal oxide, such as lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide and / or lithium carbon lanthanum zirconium oxide. A solid state composite separator contains an electronically insulating inorganic powder dispersed in an amorphous, inorganic, ionically conductive metal oxide. Methods for preparing the composite cathode and composite separator are provided.

A hybrid lead-acid battery / electrochemical capacitor electrical energy storage device. The lead-acid battery and electrochemical capacitor reside in the same case and are electrically connected. Preferably, a hybrid device of the present invention includes at least one non-polarizable positive electrode, at least one non-polarizable negative electrode, and at least one polarizable electric double layer negative electrode. Separators reside between the electrodes and the separators and electrodes are impregnated with an aqueous sulfuric acid electrolyte. A hybrid device of the present invention exhibits high power characteristics.

This invention concerns a method of manufacturing a highly conductive polytetrafluoroethylene sheet; a method of manufacturing a highly conductive unsintered polytetrafluoroethylene sheet: and a method of manufacturing a highly conductive sintered sheet. In the first method, a paste of polytetrafluoroethylene powder admixed with conductive substance and extrusion lubricant is extruded to preform an unsintered tube-like material, and at least one place on the circumference of this extruded material, the material is cut open longitudinally and the resulting sheet is calendered if necessary. The second method includes a sintering process for the sheet. This invention also concerns a highly conductive polytetrafluoroethylene sheet having a wide-width and long-length, which is obtained by the above-mentioned method. This sheet is not less than 170 mm in width and has variance of volume resistivity (conductivity) in the longitudinal direction, 10% or less, preferably 7% or less in the cross direction. This invention can provide a highly conductive wide-type PTFE sheet whose conductivity in the longitudinal direction is nearly uniform in the cross direction.

A process for recovering lead oxides from the spent paste of exhausted lead acid batteries. The process provides heating the spent paste with an alkali hydroxide solution at elevated temperatures prior to calcinations. Calcination is at various temperatures so that either lead mono-oxide, lead dioxide or red lead is obtained as the principal product. There is also provided the use of the lead oxide to prepare the paste for positive and negative electrodes or other lead compounds.

Microthin sheet technology is disclosed by which superior batteries are constructed which, among other things, accommodate the requirements for high load rapid discharge and recharge, mandated by electric vehicle criteria. The microthin sheet technology has process and article overtones and can be used to form thin electrodes used in batteries of various kinds and types, such as spirally-wound batteries, bipolar batteries, lead acid batteries, silver / zinc batteries, and others. Superior high performance battery features include: (a) minimal ionic resistance; (b) minimal electronic resistance; (c) minimal polarization resistance to both charging and discharging; (d) improved current accessibility to active material of the electrodes; (e) a high surface area to volume ratio; (f) high electrode porosity (microporosity); (g) longer life cycle; (h) superior discharge / recharge characteristics; (j) higher capacities (Axhr); and k) high specific capacitance.

An expander formulation used in battery paste compositions. The expander formulation incorporates effective amounts, or elevated concentrations of up to 6% of graphite and mixtures of carbon black and graphite to lessen or minimize the accumulation of lead sulfate on the surface of the negative plate during high rate PSOC battery operation, and / or to increase the electrochemical efficiency, the reserve capacity, the cold cranking performance and the cycle life of lead-acid batteries.

A battery paste is disclosed. One such paste consists essentially of at least one lead oxide (i.e., an uncalcined oxide of lead) and at least one lead oxide sulfate, sufficient water to moisten the paste, and from 0.02 percent to 15 percent based on the weight of the lead oxide plus the weight of the lead oxide sulfate, calculated as the lead oxide, of glass fibers having an average diameter not greater than 15 micron. Another paste consists essentially of at least one lead oxide and at least one lead oxide sulfate, sufficient water to moisten the paste, and from 1 percent to 15 percent based on the weight of the lead oxide plus the weight of the lead oxide sulfate, calculated as the lead oxide, of glass fibers of a specific composition that enables specific beneficial ions to diffuse into the paste during the life of the battery.A method for producing such a battery paste and a delivery system for adding the additives that are added into the paste is also disclosed. The method comprises charging a part of the water and a part of the special composition glass fibers desired in the paste to a mechanical mixer, mixing the water and fibers, adding the lead oxide or oxides desired in the paste to the mixer, mixing the water, glass fibers and lead oxide or oxides until essentially all of the free water in the mixer has been mixed with the lead oxide or oxides, adding the rest of the water required to moisten the paste to the desired consistency and the sulfuric acid required to form the lead oxide sulfate or sulfates, and mixing the paste.The delivery system is the charging to a paste batch of a glass fiber mat that has been impregnated with the other required additives in such a proportion that a certain size / weight of the mat provides all the additional ingredients.

The invention provides a formula and preparation method of a high energy storage lead-acid battery lead paste and relates to the technical field of lead-acid batteries. The formula of a positive plate lead paste comprises the following raw materials: 7-8.5% of dilute sulphuric acid, 10.2-10.8% of deionized water, 0.2-0.4% of colloidal graphite, 0.8-2% of red powder, 0.06-0.09% of stannous sulfate, 0.05-0.08% of polyester staple fiber and the balance of lead powder; the formula of a negative plate lead paste comprises the following raw materials: 6.8-7.5% of dilute sulphuric acid, 9.8-10.8% of deionized water, 0.2-0.4% of acetylene black, 0.2-0.3% of humic acid, 0.8-1.0% of barium sulfate, 0.08-0.1% of barium stearate, 0.15-0.18% of sodium lignosulphonate, 0.06-0.09% of polyester staple fiber and the balance of lead powder. The battery prepared by the lead paste has the advantages of high initial capacity and long cycle life; and the overdischarge resistance and charge acceptance of the battery are higher than the standard requirements.

A current collector of a battery includes a reticulated substrate having a circuitous network of pores and a metal applied to at least a portion of the reticulated substrate. The reticulated substrate may be a non-metal foam substrate, such as, for example, a carbon foam substrate, a reticulated vitreous carbon substrate or a graphite foam substrate.

The disclosure describes compositions and methods for producing a change in the voltage at which hydrogen gas is produced in a lead acid battery. The compositions and methods relate to producing a concentration of one or more metal ions in the lead acid battery electrolyte.

The invention discloses a technology for manufacturing a lead-acid battery pole plate, which comprises the following steps: A, mixing: mixing lead powder, carbon black powder and graphite powder evenly in the environment of vacuum or inert gases or reducing gases; B, compressing: carrying out compression molding on the mixed powder in step A to form a pole plate semi-finished product under the pressure condition of 100-1000MPa; and C, sintering: sintering the pole plate semi-finished product subject to compression modling in step B at the temperature of 140-450 DEG C for 0.5-5 hours to obtain a pole plate finished product. The invention has the advantages that after being subject to compression molding and sintering, substances for preparing the pole plates do not loose and drop in the recycling process, the service life of the battery is several times longer than that of the grid type plate, the carbon black on the sintered pole plate surface layer is oxidized in the charge-discharge cycle so as to leave larger actively porous lead, and the battery capacity of the lead-acid battery pole plate is higher than that of a formed type plant plate.

PCT No. PCT / JP97 / 01066 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 23, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 23, 1997 PCT Filed Mar. 27, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 37393 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 9, 1997A lead storage battery comprising a positive electrode 11 and a negative electrode 12. The negative electrode 12 contains a negative electrode active substance to which a negative electrode additive is added. The negative electrode additive is a phenolxaminobenzene sulfonic acidxformaldehyde condensate. The above-structured lead storage battery provides a prolonged cycle life and excellent charging performance.

A method of making a plurality of battery plates includes forming a strip including a plurality of battery grids. Each battery grid includes a grid network bordered by a frame element and includes a plurality of spaced apart grid wire elements. Each grid wire element has opposed ends joined to one of a plurality of nodes to define a plurality of open spaces in the grid network. The method also includes deforming at least a portion of a plurality of the grid wire elements such that the deformed grid wire elements have a first transverse cross-section at a point intermediate their opposed ends that differs from a second transverse cross-section taken at at least one of their opposed ends. The method also includes applying a lead alloy coating to the strip, applying battery paste to the strip, and cutting the strip to form a plurality of battery plates.

The invention provides a lead-carbon battery negative pole preparation method based on a ZIF-8 zeoliteimidazate framework porous carbon nanomaterial and belongs to the technical field of lead-carbon battery negative polematerials. The ZIF-8 zeoliteimidazate framework porous carbon nanomaterial is a porous carbon material prepared by conducting annealing on a metal organic framework material synthesized by using zinc as metal ions and using 2-methyl imidazole as an organic ligand under protective atmosphere. Lead and the ZIF-8 zeoliteimidazate framework porous carbon nanomaterial are grinded and mixed in a ball mill. A lead-carbon battery can effectively inhibit irreversible sulfation occurred on a negative pole plate during charging and discharging and has superior high rate capability and excellent cycle performance. A negative pole can be used for large commercial energy storage lead-carbon batteries.

The invention provides a method for solidifying a lead-acid battery plate, which comprises that: a) the plate which is well coated with lead plaster is fed into a solidification chamber under a first condition, so a first prefabricated part is obtained; the first condition is that the humidity satisfies the following conditions:Phi is more than or equal to 99%; b) the first prefabricated part is oxidized and solidified under a second condition, so a second prefabricated part is obtained; the second condition is that the humidity satisfies the following conditions: 75% is less than or equal to Phi is less than or equal to 99%; c) the second prefabricated part is dried and solidified under a third condition, so the lead-acid battery plate is obtained; and the third condition is that the humidity satisfies the following conditions: 0 is less than or equal to Phi is less than or equal to 75%. The plate which is produced by the solidification method provided in the invention cannot crack, the energy / mass ratio of the lead-acid battery which uses the plate is large, and the cycle life is long.

The invention discloses a deep cycle-resistant lead-acid storage battery plate, which comprises a positive plate and a negative plate. Each of the positive and negative plates is obtained by coating positive plate lead plaster and negative plate lead plaster on a positive plate grid and a negative plate grid and executing the main process steps of curing, formation and fragmentation. The positive plate grid is cast from a Pb-Ca-Sn-Al alloy material comprising 1.25 to 1.35 weight percent of Sn, 0.05 to 0.07 weight percent of Ca, 0.03 to 0.035 weight percent of Al and the balance of Pb and inevitable impurities. The negative plate grid is cast from the Pb-Ca-Sn-Al alloy material comprising 0.15 to 0.25 weight percent of Sn, 0.07 to 0.09 weight percent of Ca, 0.025 to 0.035 weight percent of Al and the balance of Pb and inevitable impurities.

There is provided a process for recovering high purity litharge PbO from spent lead acid battery paste at low temperatures and the further preparation of highly pure lead oxides and Pb(OH)2.