453 results about "Lead dioxide" patented technology

A lead-acid battery comprising: at least one lead-based negative electrode; at least one lead dioxide-based positive electrode; at least one capacitor electrode; and electrolyte in contact with the electrodes; wherein a battery part is formed by the lead based negative electrode and the lead dioxide-based positive electrode; and an asymmetric capacitor part is formed by the capacitor electrode and one electrode selected from the lead based negative electrode and the lead-dioxide based positive electrode; and wherein all negative electrodes are connected to a negative busbar, and all positive electrodes are connected to a positive busbar. The capacitor electrode may be a capacitor negative electrode comprising carbon and an additive mixture selected from oxides, hydroxides or sulfates of lead, zinc, cadmium, silver and bismuth, or a capacitor negative electrode comprising carbon, red lead, antimony in oxide, hydroxide or sulfate form, and optionally other additives. The capacitor electrode may be used in asymmetric capacitors and batteries of other types.

The present invention is directed to a novel capacitor. The capacitor may be used in electric double layer capacitors. The capacitors include a polarizable electrode including activated carbon and a non-polarizable electrode including lead dioxide and lead sulfate. The capacitors of the present invention provide considerably higher electric capacity, higher durability, and low resistance, while maintaining high conductivity. Additionally, the electrodes may be produced more quickly and inexpensively.

The invention discloses a waste lead recovering method for lead-acid storage batteries. The method comprises the following steps: fine stuff such as diachylon and the like are added in a reaction kettle with a stirring device; reducing agent (FeSO4) and dilute sulfuric acid are simultaneously added; stirring reaction is carried out at the temperature of 50-60 DEG C for 50-70 minutes so as to reduce lead dioxide into lead sulfate; the lead sulfate is added into the reaction kettle with the stirring device; water is simultaneously added into the reaction kettle for size mixing; then sodium carbonate is added; desulfuration is carried out at the temperature of 50-60 DEG C so as to obtain solid lead carbonate; the lead carbonate is put into a smelting furnace and then decomposed at the temperature of 320-350 DEG C so as to obtain lead oxide; and reducing agent (carbon) is added into the smelting furnace to reduce the lead oxide into metal lead at the temperature of 700-800 DEG C. The method recovers the lead by means of the combination of the wet and the dry processes, thereby avoiding the harm to the environment caused by lead dust, lead vapor, lead skim, sulfur dioxide gas, and the like by adopting fire smelting. The method has the advantages of high lead recovery rate, low energy consumption and no environment pollution.

A process for recovering lead oxides from the spent paste of exhausted lead acid batteries. The process provides heating the spent paste with an alkali hydroxide solution at elevated temperatures prior to calcinations. Calcination is at various temperatures so that either lead mono-oxide, lead dioxide or red lead is obtained as the principal product. There is also provided the use of the lead oxide to prepare the paste for positive and negative electrodes or other lead compounds.

The invention relates to a novel titanium substrate lead dioxide electrode and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the field of water treatment technology application. The titanium substrate lead dioxide electrode adopts titanium material as a carrier; after the titanium substrate undergoes acid etching, pyrolytic process is adopted to plate a tin-stibium oxide bottom layer; alkaline solution is then used for electroplating an alpha-PbO2 intermediate layer; acidic composite electroplating solution is used for preparing a fluorine-containing beta-PbO2 surface layer doped with an active metal (such as bismuth, nickel, lanthanum, cerium and erbium) and a particle with high absorption performance (such as powdered activated carbon and chitosan), thus obtaining a novel titanium substrate lead dioxide electrode. The titanium substrate lead dioxide electrode prepared by the method has low cost and long service life. Using the electrode as an anode and applying certain applied voltage can realize efficient removal and mineralization to the organic contaminants in the water. With simple operation and convenient management, the method is applicable to small-scale and dispersible wastewater and feed water treatment.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing fluorine containing lead dioxide electrode at titanium substrate. The plating structural of said fluorine containing lead dioxide electrode is as follows: from the titanium substrate surface and from inner to outer, in sequences, there are plated the tin-stibium oxidate bottom layer, alpha-PbO2 layer and fluorine contain containing beta- PbO2 layer. Said method comprises the steps of surface roughening treatment of titanium substrate, then plating the tin-stibium oxidate bottom layer through a thermal decomposition method, and then obtaining titanium substrate fluorine containing beta- PbO2 electrode through alkaline electric plating alpha-PbO2 and acidic composite electric plating beta- PbO2.The fluorine containing lead dioxide electrode prepared through the process and method in accordance with the present invention possesses strong bonding force between the plating layer and the substrate, small limiting surface electric resistance and inner stress, low price amd long service lifetime of electrode, can be applied widely in electrolytic industry fields of acidic system.

The invention discloses a lead regeneration method for recovering lead paste from a waste lead acid storage battery by a wet method, and belongs to the field of lead regeneration from the lead paste of the waste lead acid battery. The lead regeneration method comprises the following steps of: adding the lead paste into an acid liquor reaction kettle containing a catalyst to perform oxidation reduction reaction on lead and lead dioxide in the lead paste to obtain soluble lead salt solution; meanwhile, reacting lead oxide with acid to obtain lead salt; separating to obtain insoluble filter residue mainly containing soluble lead salt solution and lead sulfate; and electrolyzing the lead salt solution to obtain lead, oxygen and acidic electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte can be returned to a leaching process for recycling, and the filter residue A is treated by the conventional reselection process to obtain the lead sulfate and the filter residue D. According to the lead regeneration method, the production cost is reduced, and high comprehensive lead recovery rate is obtained.

The invention discloses a method for circularly producing lead acid batteries, aiming at thoroughly eliminating possible hazard of the lead acid battery on environment and leading the lead acid battery to be continuously useful in social life without causing negative effect. The method includes: the positive and negative plates of old and useless batteries are separated by a mechanical method, and then the positive and negative plates are subjected to electrochemical treatment, thus obtaining raw material for producing new lead acid battery and achieving the circular production of the lead acid battery including disassembly of the old and useless lead acid battery, purification of sulphuric acid electrolyte, the production of lead metal and lead dioxide by electrolyzing lead sulfate, the separation and regeneration of lead alloy as well as the production of new lead acid battery by the produced lead alloy, lead and lead dioxide. In theory, by the proposal, the raw material can be totally reused, thus achieving the aim of circularly producing the lead acid battery.

This invention relates to the plus plate lead paste of lead-acid battery comprising (by weight percentages based on lead powder): lead powder 100%, 1.4g/cm3 sulfuric acid 8-12%, deionized water 9-11%, lead dioxide 3-4.2%, short fiber 0.05-0.06%, carbon fiber 0.10-0.15%, anisotropic graphite 0.2-0.4% and bismuth oxide 0.05-0.11%. In this invention, on the based on certain water and acid content in the active substance, additional positive pole active substances are added such as anisotropic graphite and bismuth oxide or the like. The changed components improve the primary battery volume and the ratio of weight/energy with prolonging battery service life.

The invention discloses a method for recovering a lead-containing raw material by using a wet process. The method comprises the steps: (1) leaching the lead-containing raw material by using a solution, adding a reducing agent to reduce lead dioxide or lead orthoplumbate in the lead-containing raw material into a soluble lead salt, after a lead compound is completely dissolved, filtering the solution, and separating to obtain a filtrate A and an insoluble substance, wherein the solution contains sulfate, a complexing agent and a catalyst; (2) adjusting the pH value of the filtrate A, separating to obtain lead sulfate and a filtrate B, and returning the filtrate B to the step (1) after sulfate radicals are replenished and the pH value is adjusted; (3) directly using lead sulfate as battery materials or commodities, subjecting a sulfate-containing alkaline solution and lead sulfate to reaction, and separating to obtain basic lead sulfates and a filtrate C, wherein the basic lead sulfates include tribasic lead sulfate and tetrabasic lead sulfate. The method can be used for purifying the lead-containing raw material to form lead sulfate and basic lead sulfates directly used for producing lead-acid batteries, thereby being an environment-friendly wet-process recovery method.

An energy storage device includes at least one positive electrode comprising a current collector comprising lead and having a plurality of raised and lowered portions with respect to a mean plane of the current collector and slots formed between the raised and lowered portions, wherein lead dioxide paste is adhered to and in electrical contact with the surfaces thereof; and a tab portion; and at least one negative electrode comprising a carbon material.

The invention belongs to recovery treatment on lead plaster of a waste lead-acid storage battery. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing the lead plaster of the waste lead-acid storage battery with waste sulfuric acid in the waste lead-acid storage battery according to the design requirement and roasting; adding roasting sand in a stirring kettle; adding tap water to a water level line of the device and stirring the roasting sand; adding a proper amount of calcium acetate, acetic acid and nitric acid; starting a solution circulating system pump, leaching out the roasting sand and maintaining the concentration of lead acetate to be saturated; adding a proper amount of bone glue and beta-naphthol, electrolyzing immersion liquid, recovering the metallic lead at the cathode and recovering lead dioxide at the anode; press filtering residues to obtain lead-off slag and filtrate; and adding calcium carbonate in the filtrate and recycling. The device mainly comprises a leaching part, a press filtration part, a circulating part and an electrolysis part, and concretely includes eight key components of the stirring kettle, a press filter, an overflow port, an electrolysis direct current power supply, an electrolytic cell, a cathode titanium basket, a corrosion resistant pump and a heating element.

The invention is a method for degrading aniline or/and nitrobenzene in waste water by electrolysis process, adopting an electrobath with a dividing cation exchange membrane in the middle, adding the waste water containing aniline or/and nitrobenzene and salts into an anode chamber, adding thin NaOH solution into an cathode chamber, circulating by circulating pump, separately, where the anode material is Ti-base coated ruthenium or Ti-base coated lead dioxide, and the cathode material is stainless steel or graphite, electrolyzing by DC, and oxidizing and degrading and removing aniline or/and nitrobenzene, and besides, cations dissociated from the salts in the waste water pass through the cation exchange membrane into the cathode chamber under the action of the DC electric field and combine with OH groups to produce hydroxides, thus able to recover alkali solution and desalt the waste water so as to benefit follow-up biochemical processing units. And after the solutions in the anode and cathode chambers are circulated for a period of time, it samples them, and as the concentrations of the aniline or/and nitrobenzene in the solution in the anode chamber decrease to the required values, it stops operating and discharges the solutions.

A lead-acid battery comprising:—at least one negative electrode comprising lead-based battery electrode material and at least one region of capacitor material overlying the lead-based battery electrode material, each electrode being in electrical connection to an outer terminal of the battery, and—at least one positive lead-dioxide based battery electrode, each positive electrode being in electrical connection to a second outer terminal of the battery,—separator interleaving the facing electrodes;—electrolyte filling at least the space of the electrodes and separators wherein the capacitor material overlying the lead-based battery electrode material comprises 20-65% by weight of a high electrical conductivity carbonaceous material, 30-70% of a high specific surface area carbonaceous material, at least 0.1% lead and binder.

The invention discloses a transition-metal doped lead dioxide electrode for wastewater treatment and a preparation method thereof. The transition-metal doped lead dioxide electrode is prepared through the steps of performing thermal decomposition on a titanium material which serves as a substrate so as to prepare a tin-antimony oxide underlayer, then electroplating an alpha-PbO2 interlayer by use of an alkaline solution and finally preparing a transition-metal doped fluorine-containing beta-PbO2 surface active layer by use of acidic composite electroplating bath. The transition-metal doped lead dioxide electrode prepared by the method has the characteristics of low price, high oxygen evolution potential, high catalytic activity, long service life and the like; the electrode can be used for realizing effective removal of organic pollutants in wastewater through an electrochemical oxidation method, is simple to operate and convenient to manage and has wide social and economic benefits.

The invention relates to a carbon nanotube modified titanium based fluorine-containing lead dioxide electrode and a preparation method thereof. The carbon nanotube modified titanium based fluorine-containing lead dioxide electrode is prepared by: taking a titanium plate as a substrate, polishing and etching the titanium plate substrate, performing thermal deposition of a tin antimony oxide base layer, then conducting electrodeposition of an alpha-PbO2 intermediate layer in an alkaline plating solution, and finally performing electrodeposition of a beta-PbO2 active layer in an acidic plating solution containing fluoride ions, a surfactant and a carbon nanotube. Compared with ordinary titanium based fluorine-containing lead dioxide electrodes, the carbon nanotube modified titanium based fluorine-containing lead dioxide electrode has high catalytic activity and long service life. The electrode can be used as an anode to treat organic wastewater, can achieve a good degradation effect, and can realize mineralization on poisonous and harmful organic matters that are difficult to degrade. Being easy and convenient to operate, the electrode provided by the invention is a potential electrode suitable for water treatment.

The invention relates to a water body, a method for rapidly detecting the residue of malachite green and colorless malachite green in an aquatic product, belonging to the technical field of residue detection in a water body and an aquatic product. The method comprises the following steps: oscillating and mixing a sample to be detected and an extractant I uniformly; adding an extractant II, oscillating and mixing and then standing still; taking and adding an supernatant to an enrichment column; observing color change of a chromogenic reagent on the lowest layer; and determining that the sample contains the malachite green and colorless malachite green if a green circular strap is formed. The extractant I is a mixed solution of acetonitrile, dichloromethane, n-hexane and paratoluenesulfonic acid, the extractant II is a mixture of lead dioxide and acid alumina, and the sample to be detected is a water body sample to be detected or an aquatic product sample to be detected. The invention has the advantages of simple operation and fewer steps, does not need expensive instruments and equipment and can embody the convenience and the flexibility to on-site detection.

The invention relates to the technical field of clean recycling of waste batteries and discloses a method for recycling lead oxide from lead plaster of a waste lead-acid storage battery. The method comprises the following steps that (1) pre-desalination is conducted, specifically, the lead plaster of the waste lead-acid storage battery is added with alkali liquor to be subjected to pre-desalination, so that lead acid, lead acetate, lead nitrate, lead perchlorate or lead carbonate in the lead plaster is removed; (2) dissolution is conducted, specifically, a complexing agent solution is added into the lead plaster subjected to pre-desalination, all PbO in the lead plaster reacts with a complexing agent to generate lead complex ions, and a lead-bearing solution and filter residues are obtained; (3) dissociation is conducted, specifically, the pH value of the lead-bearing solution is adjusted by adding a dissociation agent solution, so that the lead complex ions are dissociated, and the PbO and a mixed solution containing the complexing agent and a dissociation agent are obtained; and (4) separating is conducted, specifically, a lead oxide product is obtained after solid-liquid separation and washing. According to the method, the technological condition is mild, the technological process is environmentally friendly, the technological procedure is simple, energy consumption is small, the cost is low, the lead oxide recycling rate is high, the purity is high, and the method has very high industrial application value.