722 results about "Lead alloy" patented technology

A current collector for use in a capacitor having an aqueous or non-aqueous electrolyte, such as an aqueous sulfuric acid electrolyte. The conductive basis of the current collector may be manufactured from a number of conductive metals but, preferably, is comprised of lead or a lead alloy. The portion of the conductive basis that will be in contact with the electrolyte is provided with a protective layer that is created by deposition of one or more layers of one or more protective coating materials thereto. Each protective coating material is comprised of at least a conductive carbon powder and a polymer binder that is resistant to the electrolyte. Preferably, but not essentially, the protective coating material(s) are applied to the conductive basis in the form of a paste, which is subsequently subjected to a solvent evaporation step and a thermal treatment step. The resulting protective layer is also substantially devoid of pores through which the electrolyte can permeate.

The invention discloses a method for producing zinc sulfate heptahydrate, crude tin and crude lead by using tin smelting dust. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) pretreating the raw material; (2) leaching with a dilute sulphuric acid to separate out zinc; (3) purifying the crude zinc sulfate solution, preparing zinc sulfate heptahydrate; (4) performing electric furnace smelting on the tin-rich residue to prepare a tin-lead alloy; (5) adopting the conventional liquation process (the temperature is 500-600 DEG C) and the agglutination method (the temperature is 230-240 DEG C) to refine the tin-lead alloy and increase the Sn-Pb grade of the alloy to 94%-96%, and sending the refining residue back to the electric furnace to perform smelting and dosing treatment; and (6) performing high temperature vacuum distillation to produce crude tin and crude lead. By adopting the method, the tin smelting dust can be effectively utilized, the resource can be saved and metals such as tin,lead, zinc and copper can be recovered together.

The invention discloses a horizon battery and a manufacturing method thereof. Grid of existing horizon batteries is woven by glass fiber and lead composite. Lead layer on the surface of the grid is corroded fast, and conductivity is lowered when the lead layer is corroded. The horizon battery comprises a battery shell and an upper cover. A plurality of battery plate groups and partitions for blocking electrolyte circulation among the battery plate groups are disposed in the battery shell. Leading-out terminals connected to the battery plate groups are disposed at two ends of the battery shell. The battery plate groups comprise positive plates and negative plates which are alternately stacked, porous partition plates are disposed between the positive plates and the negative plates, and each positive plate and each negative plate comprise a plastic grid frame and a grid framework. The grid framework is made of lead alloy, and high in strength, corrosion resistance and conductivity. By the grid frame, usage of lead alloy is reduced, mass of the grid is lowered, and mass ratio energy of the horizon battery is improved.

Recrystallized lead and lead alloy positive current collectors and connectors such as straps and lugs for use e.g. in lead acid batteries and electrowinning anodes, having an increased percentage of special grain boundaries in at least part of the microstructure, which have been provided by a process comprising of (i) cold or hot rolling or cold or hot extrusion or (ii) steps of deforming the lead or lead alloy, and subsequently annealing the lead or lead alloy. Either a single cycle of working and annealing can be provided, or a plurality of such cycles can be provided. The amount of deformation, the recrystallization time and temperature, and the number of repetitions of such steps are selected to ensure that a substantial increase in the population of special grain boundaries is provided in the microstructure, to improve resistance to creep, intergranular corrosion and intergranular cracking of the current collectors and connectors during battery service, and result in extended battery life and the opportunity to reduce the size and weight of the battery.

The invention discloses a method for circularly producing lead acid batteries, aiming at thoroughly eliminating possible hazard of the lead acid battery on environment and leading the lead acid battery to be continuously useful in social life without causing negative effect. The method includes: the positive and negative plates of old and useless batteries are separated by a mechanical method, and then the positive and negative plates are subjected to electrochemical treatment, thus obtaining raw material for producing new lead acid battery and achieving the circular production of the lead acid battery including disassembly of the old and useless lead acid battery, purification of sulphuric acid electrolyte, the production of lead metal and lead dioxide by electrolyzing lead sulfate, the separation and regeneration of lead alloy as well as the production of new lead acid battery by the produced lead alloy, lead and lead dioxide. In theory, by the proposal, the raw material can be totally reused, thus achieving the aim of circularly producing the lead acid battery.

A negative electrode for a hybrid energy storage device includes a current collector; a corrosion-resistant conductive coating secured to at least one face of the current collector; a sheet comprising activated carbon adhered to the corrosion-resistant conductive coating; a tab portion extending from a side of the negative electrode; and a lug comprising a lead or lead alloy that encapsulates at least part of the tab portion.

A lead alloy for battery grids is disclosed. The lead alloy contains calcium with a relative concentration by weight of between 0.05% and 0.12%; tin with a relative concentration by weight of less than 3%; aluminum with a relative concentration by weight of between 0.002% and 0.04%; and barium comprising a relative concentration by weight of less than 0.02%.

The invention relates to a lug brushing-cutting and frame brushing machine for a high-dense storage-battery plate, and particularly relates to equipment for automatically brushing and cutting lugs and brushing four sides of a high-dense pole plate in the lead-acid battery production process. The lug brushing-cutting and frame brushing machine is a streamline device which formed by successive connection of a plate delivering device, a pole plate conveying device, a lug brushing device, a lug cutting device, a transition device, a laminating device, a reshaping device, a frame brushing device and a plate folding device, and the streamline device automatically cooperates under electric control. The lug brushing-cutting and frame brushing machine provided by the invention achieves the automatic lug brushing-cutting and frame brushing of a high-dense lead alloy pole plate, and finishes the transition of a production flow from a semi-automation operation to a full automatic serialization operation, so that labour operation intensity and operational cost are greatly reduced, the labour productivity is improved, and the damage to human bodies caused by the environmental pollution and lead dust can be alleviated.

An electrolytic cell and a method of electrochemical oxidation of manganese(II) ions to manganese(III) ions in the electrolytic cell are described. The electrolytic cell comprises (1) an electrolyte solution of manganese(II) ions in a solution of at least one acid; (2) a cathode immersed in the electrolyte solution; and (3) an anode immersed in the electrolyte solution and spaced apart from the cathode. Various anode materials are described including vitreous carbon, reticulated vitreous carbon, woven carbon fibers, lead and lead alloy. Once the electrolyte is oxidized to form a metastable complex of manganese(III) ions, a platable plastic may be contacted with the metastable complex to etch the platable plastic. In addition, a pretreatment step may also be performed on the platable plastic prior to contacting the platable plastic with the metastable complex to condition the plastic surface.

The invention discloses a tin-lead welding strip for a solar photovoltaic assembly, which comprises a copper strip base material, wherein a compact tin-lead alloy layer with a thickness of 3-20 micrometers covers the surface of the copper strip base material. A manufacturing method of the tin-lead welding strip for the solar photovoltaic assembly comprises the step of: covering the compact tin-lead alloy layer on the copper strip base material by adopting an electroplating method, wherein the thickness of the tin-lead alloy layer is 3-20 micrometers. Because the electroplating method is adopted, a cladding material has a crystal lattice characteristic and capacities of enhancing adhesive force of the welding strip and improving the conductivity of the photovoltaic welding strip. The welding strip has a volume resistivity of 0.0185-0.021omega mm<2>/m which is lower than that of the welding strip manufactured through thermal tin immersion and a melting point of 183-190 DEG C lower than that of a lead-free welding strip, and has no abnormal phenomena such as tin knobs, tin dross, copper cuttings, discoloration and the like. A process capability index (CPK) value is effectively increased.

The invention relates to an automatic edge brushing machine for a pipelined battery plate, and particularly to equipment for brushing the four edges of a plate automatically in production process of a lead-acid battery. The invention discloses a frame brushing machine which is a pipelined device formed by connecting a rack, a plate running device, a side edge brushing device, an upside edge brushing device, a plate pushing device, a downside edge brushing device and a plate receiving device in sequence. The pipelined device coordinates automatically under electrical control. With the frame brushing machine provided by the invention, automatic edge brushing of low- and medium-density lead alloy plates is realized, the transformation of the production process from a semi-manual labor to an automatic operation is fulfilled, production intensity and operation cost of a manual operation are greatly reduced, labor productivity is improved, and pollution to environment and harm to human bodies caused by lead dust are reduced.

The invention provides a precast piece for a busbar used in a high-capacity lead-acid storage battery, parallelly connecting polar plates with the same polarity in the storage battery and leading the polar plates to electrode terminals. The precast piece comprises a connecting main board which is respectively welded with lugs of the polar plates of the storage battery; the connecting main board is strip-shaped; the middle of the connecting main board is provided with a post vertical to the connecting main board; and a pectinate material preparing threaded rod is extended along the lateral surface of a longer side of the connecting main board. Due to the existence of the pectinate material preparing threaded rod, the precast piece for the busbar can greatly reduce the melting time of workpieces and the feed amount of alloy solder in the welding, can complete solder sides for one time in short time, can reduce the air contacting opportunity of a lead alloy to the utmost, ensure the quality of weldments, and ensures that the busbar has compact structure to prolong the service life of the storage battery. The invention also provides a method for connecting the precast piece for the busbar and the lugs of the polar plates of the storage battery, which has simple operation and can obtain good welding quality by means of the prior welding conditions.

A jumper coaxial cable assembly includes a jumper coaxial cable and at least one solder-type connector secured thereto. The cable may include an outer conductor, which, in turn, includes aluminum with a tin layer thereon. The tin layer permits an aluminum outer conductor to be used, yet facilitates soldering of the solder-type connector onto the outer conductor. The tin layer may be a tin alloy, such as a tin/lead alloy, for example. The outer conductor may have a continuous, non-braided, tubular shape, and the tin layer may extend continuously along an entire length of the outer conductor. The tin layer may be readily formed by tin plating during manufacturing of the jumper coaxial cable. The jumper coaxial cable assembly may be joined to a main coaxial cable and/or to electronic equipment.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a positive plate of a lead storage battery, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of electrode materials, in particular to a process for a preparation method for the lead storage battery. In the method, a lead alloy is used as a raw material, a lead-alloy positive electrode grid formed by fusion and casting is used as the positive electrode and is subjected to surface modification in rare earth sulfate and sulphuric acid solution by an anodic electrochemical oxidation process to prepare a positive plate of the lead storage battery that the surface of the lead alloy is modified by the rare earth; and lead powder, water, sulfuric acid and rare earth oxides or rare earth sulfate and additives are mixed into a lead plaster, and the lead plaster is subjected to plate coating, solidification, drying and formation to prepare the rear-earth modified positive electrode grid of the lead storage battery. The method is simple, reduces the using amount of the rear earth and improves the utilization ratio of the rear earth, avoids the difficulty in preparing the positive electrode grid from the lead-rare earth alloy, is easy to uniformly and quantitatively dope trace rare-earth elements on the surface of the electrode, and realizes the control of the surface performance of the electrode.

Provided is a lead-oxide pasted battery plate comprising a lead alloy grid, lead oxide paste and a nonwoven glass fiber mat. The nonwoven glass mat is comprised of glass fibers having a diameter greater than 10 microns, a binder for the glass fibers, and a third component. The third component can comprise cellulosic fibers, glass micro-fibers, polymeric fibers, fillers or mixtures thereof. The presence of the third component restricts the penetration of the lead oxide paste through the thickness of the mat during the plate pasting operation, thereby keeping the process equipment free from the accumulation of lead oxide paste. The component can then dissolve in the battery acid solution, or work synergistically with the battery separator to deliver electrolyte to the lead oxide plate during the operation of the battery.

A bulge-bottom buffering metal structure is suitable for being disposed between a chip or a soldering pad for baseplate and a solder lug whose main component is tin-lead alloy. The said bulge-bottom buffering metal structure has at least one metal layer and one tuffing metal construction. This buffering metal construction can reduce or slow down the negative effect of electric and mechanical properties due to the generation of mesic metal compound when the metal layer combines with the solder lug. The metal layer disposed on the soldering pad of chip is composed of such components as Cu, Al, Ni, Ag or Au, etc. which may react on tin chemically, while the buffering construction disposed between the metal layer and the solder lug is used for reducing the possibility of generating the mesic metal compound between them.

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a lead-carbon ultracapacitor battery cathode, comprising the following steps: active substances taking lead powder as a main component and active substances taking active carbon as a main component are respectively coated on different areas of an electrode matrix, and then are dried to obtain the lead-carbon ultracapacitor battery cathode. The invention provides a manufacturing technology of lead-carbon ultracapacitor battery cathode, which takes a pure lead sheet or lead alloy sheet as a matrix, and adopts the active carbon and the lead powder as active substances. Compared with the cathode taking the pure active carbon as cathode active substance, the cathode piece manufactured by the method can greatly improve discharge capacity of thelead-carbon ultracapacitor batteries, the specific energy can reach more than 16wh/kg, the cycle life can reach more than 1500 times, working potential window can reach 2.0V, and the cost is only onethird to one fifth of that of the current inorganic system carbon-carbon symmetric form and nickel electrode-carbon mixed alkaline system.

In a lead-acid batter including an electrode plate group housed in a cell chamber with an electrolyte, each positive electrode plate includes a positive electrode grid made of lead or a lead alloy containing no antimony, and a positive electrode active material with which the positive electrode grid is filled. Each negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode grid made of lead or a lead alloy containing no antimony, a surface layer formed on a surface of the negative electrode grid and made of a lead alloy containing antimony, and a negative electrode active material with which the negative electrode grid is filled. A mass ratio M_N/M_P falls within a range of 0.70 to 1.10, where M_P represents the mass of the positive electrode active material per cell chamber, and M_N represents the mass of the negative electrode active material per cell chamber.

A wheel balancing weight attached to the rim of a wheel for balancing the wheel is disclosed. The wheel balancing weight comprises a weight mass manufactured from zinc composite or a zinc based material and a means for attaching said weight mass to the rim. The zinc composite or zinc based material wheel balancing weight exhibits physical characteristics in terms of corrosion resistance and ductility comparable to those of traditional lead alloy wheel balancing weights while at the same time providing an environmentally friendly alternative to lead.

A process for enhancing chemical stability and corrosion resistance is described for perforated current collectors made by continuous production processes for use in electrochemical cells, including storage batteries such as lead-acid batteries. The process relies on utilizing a strip processing method, selected from the group of reciprocating expansion, rotary expansion and punching, to perforate the solid metal strip to form a grid or mesh, as a deformation treatment. The perforation-deformation treatment is followed in rapid succession by a heat-treatment to obtain a recrystallized microstructure in the current collector and optionally by quenching to rapidly reduce the temperature to below approximately 80° C. The process yields an improved microstructure consisting of a high frequency of special low Sigma CSL grain boundaries (>50%), exhibiting significantly improved resistance to intergranular corrosion and cracking. Perforated current collectors produced with this process from a solid lead-alloy strip exhibit superior growth and corrosion properties when employed as positive grids in a lead-acid battery.

The invention relates to a lead-acid storage battery plate grid and a forming surface treatment method, and belongs to the technical field of storage batteries. In the prior art, the existing punching plate grid has disadvantages of poor adhesion of lead paste, easy paste shedding during the production process, and influence on the battery performance. With the present invention, the problem in the prior art is mainly solved. The method is mainly characterized by comprising: 1, preparing a lead alloy; 2, melting the lead alloy; 3, casting a lead plate; 4, pressing a lead strip; 5, punching, wherein continuous punching is performed on the pressed lead strip to form a continuous plate grid framework structure; 6, carrying out a plate grid surface roughening treatment, wherein a roughening treatment is performed on the surface of the continuous plate grid framework structure, the roughness is 3.2-12.6, and the plate grid production is completed; and 7, coating and filling the pole plate, wherein lead paste coating and filling is performed on the plate grid framework so as to complete the pole plate production. According to the present invention, the bonding force of the punching plate grid and the lead paste can be improved, the plate grid thickness can be thinner than or equal to 1 mm, and the method is especially suitable for production of the high-power storage battery punching plate grid.

A surface treating agent for metallic material contains the water resin (urane resin or acrylic resin) with carboxy and acid-amine, the compound of metals chosen from Al, Mg, Ca, Zn, Ni, Co, Fe, Zr, Ti, V, W, Mn and Ce, and the surface treating agent (silicic acid, silicate, colloidal SiO2, or organic silane) containing silicon compound, but not Cr. A steel plate which is treated by said surface treating agent and plated by aluminium-plumbo alloy is also disclosed.

An object of the present invention is to take fundamental measures against the phenomenon that the positive current collector of a lead-acid battery elongates due to corrosion, in consideration of a mechanism, and to inhibit corrosion elongation. A current collector is prepared by the steps of: mixing a lead oxide of pinning compounds for inhibiting recrystallization with the atomized powder of lead or a lead alloy; and then powder-rolling the mixture. A lead-acid battery is composed with the use of the current collector.

The invention discloses an alloy steel shot preparation method and a device therefor; the method is characterized in that a ring-shaped spraying device is additionally arranged outside a centrifugal shot making machine to lead alloy steel melt liquid to obtain small liquid drops by being ejected from a centrifugal machine, and then the small liquid drops are quenched by shock chilling via water, so that a microstructure of the alloy steel shot is improved, the strength of the alloy steel shot is enhanced, the alloy steel shot oxidation is reduced and finished product ratio is increased through shortening the retention time of the high-temperature alloy steel shot in the air. The invention has the characteristic of obviously improved strength of the alloy steel shot, and can cancel subsequent quenching process, thus simplifying production processes.