3279 results about "Electrical polarity" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of fault detection, and relates to a high-voltage transmission line fault detection and identification method. The method comprises the following steps of: dividing candidate fault sections according to a topological structure by synchronously acquiring steady-state and transient-state traveling wave signals of key nodes of a power grid; identifying a fault by using a multi-feature fusion criterion and extracting traveling wave features; executing mode recognition-based steady-state section judgment and multi-terminal ranging and polarity verification-based transient positioning in parallel to generate two types of positioning result sets; and finally, carrying out intelligent fusion judgment on the two types of results under topological constraints. According to the method, the problems that a traditional single-point signal analysis method cannot determine a fault section, lacks space positioning capability and is insufficient in adaptability are solved, section-level accurate positioning of the fault is realized, and the positioning accuracy, robustness and fault processing efficiency are remarkably improved.

The invention provides a solid electrolyte slurry, an electrode slurry, a solid electrolyte sheet, an electrode sheet, a solid battery monomer, a battery device and a power utilization device.The solid electrolyte slurry comprises a sulfide solid electrolyte material, a solvent and a binder dissolved in the solvent, and the solvent is a non-polar solvent, a weak-polar solvent or a mixed solvent of the non-polar solvent and the weak-polar solvent; the binding agent comprises a polyacrylate binding agent and a non-polar polyolefin binding agent. The slurry disclosed by the invention has high dispersity, high suspension property and good cohesiveness, and can enable the solid-state battery monomer to have high initial coulombic efficiency when being used in the solid-state battery monomer.

The invention provides a comb-shaped polymer binder, a pole piece and a battery, the comb-shaped polymer binder comprises an acrylate main chain, a flexible soft segment, a polar hard segment and a functional chain segment, the flexible soft segment, the polar hard segment and the functional chain segment are respectively grafted on the acrylate main chain, the flexible soft segment comprises an ether chain segment and / or an ester chain segment, the polar hard segment comprises a polar group and / or a first heteroaromatic ring group, and the functional chain segment comprises a functional group and a second heteroaromatic ring group. The functional chain segment comprises an aromatic ring group containing a pi-conjugated structure and / or a second heteroaromatic ring group containing a pi-conjugated structure. The comb-shaped binder adopts a structural design of'hard section anchoring + soft section buffering + functional side chain ', is helpful for enabling the binder to have high peel strength, stress buffering and electron conduction capabilities at the same time, is compatible with an existing wet coating-rolling process, is helpful for improving the peel strength and prolonging the cycle life of an electrode plate when being used for preparing the electrode plate, and is beneficial for improving the service life of the electrode plate. And the rate capability of the battery is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of electric energy conversion control, and discloses a multi-source load auxiliary power supply power balance control system, which comprises a sampling module, a control module and a modulation module, the sampling module obtains parallel converter branch current and direct current bus voltage; the control module determines a weight by utilizing physical associated association of a bus voltage change gradient and branch current change polarity, corrects a dynamic slope factor determined by a current change rate according to the weight, and performs upper limit clamping on the dynamic slope factor according to a bus voltage margin; according to the invention, the rigid restriction of droop control logic is eliminated, the power deviation generated by asymmetry of feeder impedance is automatically offset while the bus voltage stabilization precision is maintained, and the convergence speed and the certainty of the system during violent load switching are improved.

The invention discloses a zinc-bromine flow battery multifunctional negative electrode electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage, and the method comprises the following steps: uniformly stirring and mixing a solvent, deionized water and a cosolvent, adding an electrolyte, stirring until the electrolyte is completely dissolved, then adding a supporting electrolyte and a negative electrode additive, stirring until the supporting electrolyte and the negative electrode additive are completely dissolved, and obtaining the zinc-bromine flow battery multifunctional negative electrode electrolyte. The multifunctional negative electrode electrolyte of the zinc-bromine flow battery is obtained; the negative electrode cosolvent is dimethylformamide; and the negative electrode additive is at least one of saponin and cinnamyl aldehyde. Saponin molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the zinc electrode, and electronegative carboxyl groups of the saponin molecules form an electrostatic repulsion net in an electric double layer, so that zinc ions are forced to be uniformly dispersed, local ion concentration hot spots are eliminated, and dendritic crystal nucleation is inhibited from the source. In cinnamyl aldehyde, the strong electronegativity of oxygen atoms and the electronegativity of aldehyde oxygen are far higher than those of hydrogen, so that electrons are strongly attracted, adjacent carbon atoms are positively charged, polar adsorption sites are formed, the hydrogen evolution reaction is effectively inhibited, and the stability and the cycle life of the battery are greatly improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell control, and discloses a control method of a hydrogen fuel system controller, which comprises the following steps: in response to a system shutdown instruction, controlling a DC / DC converter to maintain operation and request a preset scavenging current, and consuming residual reaction gas in a flow channel and a pipeline by using an electrochemical power generation reaction in an electric pile; meanwhile, hydrogen-cut air-down operation is executed, and the average single voltage of the electric pile is collected in real time; when it is monitored that the average monomer voltage is reduced to be below a preset anti-corrosion safety threshold value, the DC / DC converter is controlled to be disconnected, and mechanical purging is started. A time sequence interlocking mechanism of electrochemical energy depletion and mechanical purging is established, a high-potential retention path in the shutdown process is blocked from the physical and chemical source, and the safety of the shutdown is improved. Reverse polarity corrosion caused by a hydrogen-air interface effect is avoided, and the service life of the galvanic pile is prolonged.

The invention is suitable for the photovoltaic technical field, and provides a photovoltaic cell, a cell assembly and a photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic cell comprises a semiconductor substrate, a first polarity doping layer and a second polarity doping layer; the back surface of the semiconductor substrate comprises a plurality of doped regions, the doped regions comprise first regions and second regions, the first regions and the second regions are alternately arranged, the first regions and the second regions are connected through connecting regions, first polarity doped layers are stacked on the first regions, and second polarity doped layers are stacked on the second regions; the first polarity doping layer and the second polarity doping layer in at least part of the connection area are in composite contact to form a composite contact area; the absolute value of the difference between the reflectivity of the connection region and the reflectivity of the doped region is greater than 0.05%. Connection areas form composite contact, the problem of hot spots is solved, meanwhile, damage to the battery piece caused by additional machining is avoided, the production cost can be reduced, and meanwhile the recognition accuracy and efficiency of a machine vision system on the photovoltaic battery can be guaranteed.

The invention relates to the technical field of image analysis, in particular to a battery cell assembly polarity detection system based on machine vision, which comprises a reference acquisition module, a brightness analysis module, a feature extraction module, a response identification module and a classification judgment module. According to the invention, the reference containing the reference vector direction angle and the initial gray average value is established, so that the direction and brightness deviation caused by illumination change in the current detection period can be quantified, and the compensation instruction is generated according to the direction and brightness deviation to dynamically adjust the exposure time length and the light source voltage, thereby realizing the real-time correction of the acquired image; meanwhile, the local direction entropy of the tab area is calculated in the corrected image, and weighting processing is carried out in combination with the neighborhood brightness mean value difference, so that the distinction degree of surface textures and gloss characteristics of materials with different polarities is enhanced, and the accuracy of the surface texture and gloss characteristics of the materials with different polarities is improved. And finally, performing comprehensive judgment according to multi-dimensional indexes such as a brightness reflectivity mean value and a local direction entropy strength ratio.

The invention discloses an isolated high-voltage direct-hanging energy storage converter and energy balance integrated control method. The method comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring SOC and voltage of each battery cluster in an energy storage converter; s2, establishing a controlled energy channel between the battery clusters, and performing self-balancing transfer on energy between the adjacent battery clusters according to voltage and SOC differences between the battery clusters; s3, selecting an expansion phase shift mode according to the power flow direction between the battery clusters, and selecting a phase shift ratio under the constraint of transmission power to reduce current stress and backflow power; s4, generating a modulation coefficient of a shared bridge arm according to decoupling inductive current inner loop proportion tracking; performing PR current closed loop on the main bridge arm, and generating a switching sequence of each switching tube of the shared bridge arm by adopting unipolar carrier phase-shifting modulation; and S5, outputting the modulation coefficient of the shared bridge arm and the switching sequence of each switching tube, driving the isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter and each H-bridge module to work, and realizing grid-connected energy bidirectional flow and voltage and current index satisfaction.

The invention provides a solar cell, a preparation method thereof and a photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells. The solar cell comprises a semiconductor substrate, and a first surface of the semiconductor substrate comprises a first polarity region, a second polarity region and a spacer region arranged between the first polarity region and the second polarity region; a first doping part is arranged in the semiconductor substrate in the first polarity region, a second doping part is arranged in the semiconductor substrate in the second polarity region, and a third doping part is arranged in the semiconductor substrate in the interval region; a fourth doping part is arranged at the position, close to the third doping part, of the first doping part, and a fifth doping part is arranged at the position, close to the third doping part, of the second doping part. The five doping parts of the solar cell are in direct contact, so that the reverse turn-on voltage of a bypass channel is reduced, and the risk caused by the hot spot effect is reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of semiconductor processing, and particularly relates to an electrostatic chuck power supply with independent bias voltage, adsorption equipment and a control method.The power supply comprises a direct-current high-voltage module and a first power supply polarity switching module which are connected in sequence, and the first power supply polarity switching module outputs bipolar voltage used for adsorbing an electrostatic chuck; the system further comprises a control module, a bias voltage module and a second power supply polarity switching module. The output end of the second power supply polarity switching module is electrically connected with the direct-current high-voltage module. The bias voltage module obtains a direct current input voltage and outputs a bias voltage to the second power supply polarity switching module, the second power supply polarity switching module switches the polarity of the bias voltage and outputs the polarity to the direct current high voltage module under the control of the control module, and meanwhile, the bias voltage can be independently output as a voltage source. The bias voltage can meet the dynamic adjustment requirement in the wafer adsorption process, and is suitable for application scenes where the bias voltage needs to be independently used.

The invention discloses a control method for eliminating low-frequency circulating current of a zero common-mode voltage modulation strategy. The control method is used for eliminating the inherent low-frequency circulating current problem of the zero common-mode voltage modulation strategy. Existing zero common-mode voltage modulation strategies all adopt repeated vector sequences, low-frequency circulating current is inevitably introduced, and the practicability of the method is seriously affected. Therefore, the invention provides a control method for adjusting the switching time sequence, and the method realizes the balanced symmetry of the polarity of the circulating current in any two adjacent carrier wave periods by exchanging the switching signals of the parallel bridge arms or reversing the switching signals of the same bridge arm, thereby eliminating the problem of low-frequency circulating current introduced by an asymmetric sequence. According to the method, by adjusting related bridge arm switching signals, alternating conversion of circulating current polarity is achieved, and an original vector time sequence of an existing zero common mode voltage modulation strategy is not damaged. Therefore, the method achieves the optimal common-mode voltage of an existing algorithm, and further eliminates the inherent low-frequency circulating current.

The invention provides a distribution network traveling wave fault early warning positioning analysis method and system, and belongs to the technical field of smart power grids, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a plurality of traveling wave signals of a distribution network line, and filtering the interference to obtain a high-fidelity traveling wave signal; constructing a basic wave velocity model and a dynamic wave velocity correction model, and calculating coordinates of a fault point by adopting a double-end, single-end and branch node three-dimensional positioning algorithm; extracting basic parameters of a time domain, a frequency domain and a polarity domain from the high-fidelity traveling wave signal, and obtaining coupling correlation characteristics among the basic parameters; establishing a fault mechanism model library, and substituting the basic parameters and the coupling correlation features into the model library for adaptation to determine a preliminary fault type; and performing parameter conflict verification on the preliminary fault type. According to the distribution network traveling wave fault early warning positioning analysis method provided by the invention, the signal acquisition dimension is expanded to electrical and vibration three-dimensional signals, the fault type identification accuracy is also improved, and different fault types with similar peak values can be accurately distinguished.

The utility model is suitable for the field of photovoltaic technology, and provides a back contact battery assembly and a photovoltaic system, and the back contact battery assembly comprises a plurality of battery pieces; the plurality of welding strips are connected with two adjacent battery pieces; the insulating film is located on the side, away from the battery piece, of the welding strip, a plurality of exposed areas are formed on the insulating film, and the welding strip with the same polarity is exposed out of the exposed areas; the bus bar is arranged on the side, away from the battery piece, of the insulating film, the bus bar comprises a plurality of protruding structures and a plurality of connecting parts connected between the protruding structures, and the protruding structures extend into the corresponding exposed areas to be in conductive connection with the exposed welding strips. According to the invention, the current collection effect can be effectively improved while the bus bar is hidden, and in addition, due to the special design of the bus bar and the stable connection of the bus bar and the welding strip, the filling of a gap in an exposed region is facilitated, and the reliability of the battery assembly is improved.

The invention discloses a power modulation method and system for an all-solid-state power supply, and belongs to the technical field of pulse power. The method comprises the following steps: converting a target waveform into a multi-level discrete waveform, and segmenting the multi-level discrete waveform into a plurality of continuous sub-waveforms according to polarity; for each sub-waveform, identifying all level switching moments, obtaining a time-level number corresponding relation, and generating a corresponding switching action time sequence matrix; the row index of the switching action time sequence matrix corresponds to the level number, the odd-numbered columns store the turn-on time parameters of the switching devices under the corresponding level number, and the even-numbered columns store the turn-off time parameters of the corresponding switching devices; and converting the switching action time sequence matrix into period counting based on an FPGA main clock, and generating a corresponding driving pulse signal by the FPGA according to time sequence data so as to control a switching device in the all-solid-state power supply and carry out power modulation. High-real-time and high-precision control on the switch of the solid-state power supply is realized, and the effect of arbitrary waveform power modulation is realized.

The invention discloses a superconducting rectifier, a superconducting diode and a manufacturing and control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of superconducting electronics, the superconducting rectifier comprises more than one superconducting diode, the superconducting diode comprises an insulating substrate and a superconducting nanowire, the superconducting nanowire is provided with a narrowing section, and the narrowing section is provided with a narrow section. The narrowing section is connected with a first gate line and a second gate line, the first gate line and the second gate line are symmetrically arranged, and the first gate line and the second gate line are both perpendicular to the superconducting nanowire. According to the invention, in-situ reconfigurable reversal symmetry destruction can be realized through a nanoscale hot spot controlled by a grid electrode; electrically controlled opening or closing and polarity reversal are realized by adjusting a small grid current without changing a magnetic field; the superconductive rectifier realizes electrically reconfigurable full-wave and half-wave rectification, and paves a way for development of extensible and electrically programmable superconductive electronic devices.

The invention provides an SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) storage unit anti-single particle radiation reinforcement method and system, and relates to the technical field of microelectronics and circuit structure design, a redundant node coupled with a main storage node of an SRAM storage unit is constructed, and the redundant node is used for redundant storage of the logic state of the main storage node; the polarity of a main storage node is reinforced by configuring the main storage node into a circuit structure fully surrounded by a single-type transistor; wherein the redundant node and the main storage node after polarity reinforcement are integrated into a reinforced SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) storage unit. According to the method, circuit-level fusion and collaborative design are carried out on redundancy reinforcement and polarity reinforcement, so that the single event upset resistance of the SRAM unit is improved, and an efficient and enforceable reinforcement design method is provided.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a high-thermal-conductivity polyimide-based paint film for a transformer winding, and relates to a preparation method and application of a polyimide-based paint film. The invention aims to solve the problem of poor heat-conducting property of the existing polyimide dielectric material. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing boron nitride nanosheet powder; 2, modifying the surface of the boron nitride nanosheet powder; 3, adding diamine and the boron nitride nanosheet subjected to surface modification into an aprotic polar solvent; 4, adding dianhydride; and 5, carrying out gradient heating to carry out imidization. The heat conductivity coefficient of the high-heat-conductivity polyimide-based paint film for the transformer winding reaches 0.35 W / (m.K) and is improved by 183% compared with that of a pure polyimide material, and meanwhile the high-heat-conductivity polyimide-based paint film has high insulation performance and is used for preparing high-heat-conductivity and high-insulation electrical insulation devices; the electrical insulation device comprises but is not limited to a high-power density motor, a transformer enameled wire and a high-frequency power transformer.

A position detection device includes: a first support; a second support that is movable relative to the first support; a power generation sensor disposed on the first support; and a magnetic field generation source fixed to the second support. The relative movement of the second support causes a plurality of magnetic poles having the same polarity to sequentially enter the detection region of the power generation sensor. The power generation sensor includes: a magnetic wire configured to exhibit a large Barkhausen effect; a coil wound around the magnetic wire; and a first magnetic flux conducting piece and a second magnetic flux conducting piece respectively magnetically coupled to the opposite end portions of the magnetic wire and each having a magnetic flux conducting end opposed to the detection region.

The invention provides a design and application of a power type electrolyte of a double-electric-layer capacitor, and the electrolyte comprises an organic solvent, an electrolyte salt and an additive. Wherein the additive has a general formula structure as shown in Figure 1: the additive has a strong electronegativity part and a strong electropositivity part, a proper chain length is adjusted between the two parts, so that the whole molecular size of the additive can be matched with the micropore diameter of the activated carbon, adsorption and desorption are facilitated, bond breaking is easy, and when part of pseudocapacitance is contributed through oxidation bond breaking, the performance of the additive is improved. According to the present invention, the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be preferentially adsorbed to the positive electrode and the negative electrode so as to form the regulation and the low polarity and high density interface, such that the ion association of the salt ions at the double electrode layer is reduced, the reduction of the liquid phase transmission internal resistance is achieved, the excellent power performance is further represented, and the capacity retention rate in the 125A large-rate cycle (the conventional current is 25A) is increased to 90.1% from 76.3%. In addition, the silicon-containing part formed by broken bonds can also synergistically remove HF generated by hydrolysis of salt anions BF4 <-> in the electrolyte, passivate Al foil and reduce the contact internal resistance of the aluminum conducting bar. The configuration of the additive introduced into the electrolyte is shown in the specification.

The invention discloses a magnetohydrodynamic propulsion device which is used for reducing navigation noise and improving navigation concealment. The device comprises a propelling main body, a magnetic field element, an electrode, an inlet pipe fitting and an outlet pipe fitting, the inlet pipe fitting is arranged at one end of the propelling main body, the outlet pipe fitting is arranged at the other end of the propelling main body, a fluid channel is arranged in the propelling main body, and the fluid channel is respectively communicated with the outlet pipe fitting and the inlet pipe fitting; the magnetic field elements and the electrodes are alternately arranged at intervals, the magnetic field elements and the electrodes are arranged on the propelling body in a surrounding mode around the axis of the propelling body, the polarities of every two adjacent electrodes are different, the magnetic field elements are used for generating a magnetic field in the fluid channel, and the electrodes are used for generating an electric field in the fluid channel. The magnetic field is matched with the electric field to drive fluid to flow to the outlet pipe fitting along the fluid channel.

The invention relates to a novel parallel pole-arc-changing hybrid excitation brushless synchronous generator, which comprises a first magnetic circuit, a second magnetic circuit and a third magnetic circuit, the first magnetic circuit is formed by an original stator permanent magnet rotor of the motor; corresponding hybrid excitation rotors are arranged on the left and right outer sides of the stator, and a second magnetic circuit is formed between the hybrid excitation rotors and the iron core of the stator; an excitation winding is further arranged on the outer side of the corresponding hybrid excitation rotor, and the excitation winding enables common teeth of the hybrid excitation rotor to be magnetized into different polarities, so that a third magnetic circuit for increasing or weakening magnetism is formed. The motor has the beneficial effects of wide rotating speed adjusting range, high power density and high efficiency.

According to the efficient and powerful cleaning system and method for the stainless steel cold-rolled steel strip, through cooperation of an electrolytic cleaning unit (the current density is 18-200 A / dm < 2 >), a multi-stage coupling unit (alkali spraying, electrolysis, high-pressure water scrubbing and air purging) and a dynamic control unit (current self-adaption based on roughness Rz), the efficient and powerful cleaning of the stainless steel cold-rolled steel strip is achieved; the oil stain stripping rate is not less than 99%, the hydrogen permeation amount is reduced by 67%, the residual alkali liquor is not more than 0.5 g / m < 2 >, and Ra is not more than 0.5 mu m. And the current efficiency is improved to 85% by adopting a bipolar electrode and a vertical injection design, the surface quality is strengthened by combining a hydrophobic roller and passivating treatment, and the device is suitable for high-speed continuous production.

The invention discloses an electrolyte for improving the cycling stability of a zinc-sulfur battery and application of the electrolyte in a photoelectric storage integrated battery. The electrolyte comprises a solvent, an additive and zinc salt, the additive is iodide, and the iodide comprises iodine negative ions and positive ions or polar functional groups. The functional additive is added into the electrolyte, positive ions inhibit dendritic crystals and side reactions of zinc, and iodine negative ions accelerate reversible change between sulfur and zinc sulfide, so that the cycling stability of the zinc-sulfur battery is improved. A zinc-sulfur battery with high specific capacity and long cycle life is integrated with a solar battery, so that the photoelectric storage integrated battery with high overall conversion efficiency, high specific capacity and long cycle life is prepared.

The invention discloses a battery monomer, a processing method thereof, a battery and an electric device, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery monomer comprises a shell part, a pole part and a battery core part, the shell part is provided with a containing cavity and comprises a first shell wall participating in limiting the containing cavity, the pole part is installed on the first shell wall and comprises a pole main body, the battery core part comprises at least one battery core group and an adapter, the battery core group comprises n battery core main bodies, the n battery cell main bodies are all arranged in the containing cavity and are sequentially arranged in the first direction, the end part of each battery cell main body is connected with a tab group, all the same-polarity tab groups of the battery cell group extend towards the middle position close to the battery cell group in the first direction and are connected to form a tab part, and the tab part is electrically connected with the pole main body through an adapter; n > = 1 and is a positive integer. Therefore, the reliability of the battery cells can be improved.

The utility model relates to a bus bar, a battery string and a photovoltaic module. When in use, one end of each branch is electrically connected with the main circuit, and the other end of each branch on the same side of the main circuit is correspondingly and electrically connected with each bus grid line of the same polarity of at least one battery piece, so that each bus grid line of the same polarity of the at least one battery piece collects current and then converges the current to the main circuit through the branch. Therefore, the welding strip can be reduced or even completely not needed, so that the problems of shading of the welding strip, welding of the welding strip and increase of the process difficulty caused by arrangement of insulation paste are solved, the light receiving area of the battery piece can be increased, the light efficiency is improved, warping of the battery piece in the string forming process can be obviously reduced, and the product yield and reliability are improved.

The invention relates to a solar cell and a preparation method thereof, the solar cell comprises a semiconductor substrate, a first polarity structure, a second polarity structure and a mixed passivation structure, and the semiconductor substrate comprises a first surface with a first region and a second region which are adjacently arranged; the first and second polar structures are respectively positioned in the first and second regions; the mixed passivation structure comprises a dielectric passivation layer which is located in the first region and comprises a first part covering the top surface of the first polar structure and a second part covering the side wall, close to the second polar structure, of the first polar structure; the intrinsic passivation layer comprises a third part located between the semiconductor substrate and the second polar structure and a fourth part located on the side wall, close to the first polar structure, of the second polar structure, and the fourth part and the second part are in contact overlapping in the direction perpendicular to the semiconductor substrate. According to the solar cell and the preparation method thereof, the problem of insufficient boundary passivation in a whole-surface amorphous silicon deposition process is avoided, and the device performance is improved.

The invention discloses a negative electrode composite current collector of a non-negative electrode lithium battery and a preparation method of the negative electrode composite current collector. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a metal nanoparticle-metal organic framework composite material MNP-MOF-NH2 by adopting a solvothermal method; the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding MNP-coated MOF-NH2, a conductive agent and a binder into a solvent, mixing and uniformly stirring to obtain a negative electrode coating slurry, coating the surface of a negative electrode current collector foil with the negative electrode coating slurry to form a first coating, placing the first coating in a reaction chamber of atomic layer deposition equipment, introducing a metal source and gas in an alternate feeding deposition mode to generate a layer of compact lithium-loving metal oxide, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the lithium-loving metal oxide negative electrode. And drying to obtain a double-gradient composite protective layer, namely the negative electrode composite current collector of the non-negative electrode lithium battery. According to the invention, a double-layer structure of a compact lithium-loving layer, a porous metal organic framework and a metal particle composite layer is constructed, and the upper lithium-loving metal oxide induces uniform nucleation of lithium, so that the deposition barrier is reduced. The network structure of the lower layer MOF provides a space limiting effect to accommodate and separate lithium deposition, in addition, polar groups contained in the MOF promote desolvation and transport of Li +, and metal nanoparticles accelerate ion / electron transport.

The invention discloses a reversed polarity light-emitting diode and a manufacturing method thereof, the reversed polarity light-emitting diode comprises a semiconductor laminated layer, the semiconductor laminated layer is provided with a mesa structure, the mesa structure comprises a top surface and a side wall surface, the reversed polarity light-emitting diode further comprises a side wall Bragg reflector, a light-emitting diode chip and a light-emitting diode chip, the first electrode is arranged on the surface of the side wall of the semiconductor lamination layer; and an under pad Bragg reflector disposed between an N-side electrode on the top surface and the semiconductor stack. By constructing the three-dimensional reflection structure, the problems of side wall light loss and electrode bonding pad shading in the prior art are solved at the same time, and the light extraction efficiency, the total luminous flux and the light emitting uniformity are remarkably improved.

Methods and systems are disclosed for depositing aluminum nitride thin films by reactive sputtering using a sequence of negative-polarity voltage pulses applied to an aluminum target, followed by a positive-polarity voltage pulse. HiPIMS-type waveforms may be used to implement the negative-polarity and / or positive-polarity pulses. A substrate is provided in a sputtering chamber, a process gas comprising an inert gas and a nitrogen-containing gas is introduced, and the chamber is maintained at a reduced pressure. A sequence of negative-polarity voltage pulses is applied to an aluminum target, followed by application of a positive-polarity voltage pulse to the target. The disclosed methods and systems can produce aluminum nitride thin films exhibiting improved crystallinity, thermal conductivity, and surface quality at reduced deposition temperatures (e.g., below 200° C.) and with deposition rates of at least about 50 nm / min suitable for industrial applications.