3277 results about "Water seepage" patented technology

The invention discloses a device and method for measuring swelling representation parameters of swelling soil. The device for measuring the swelling representation parameters of the swelling soil comprises a sample container, a soil body permeation coefficient measurement part, a jacking cylinder applying a vertical load, a dial indicator for testing a swelling soil sample to generate vertical deformation, and a deformation pipe used for testing water seepage coefficients of the swelling soil. The method comprises the steps of: immersing the swelling soil sample into water for swelling stably, measuring the water seepage coefficients; and then electrically heating the swelling soil sample to ensure that the swelling soil sample is dehydrated and contracted stably, and measuring the permeation coefficients of the swelling soil. Therefore, the invention can be used for measuring water seepage and permeation coefficients of the swelling soil in a repeatedly-swelling deformation process by controlling temperature and water content changes of the swelling soil sample in the sample container so as to reflect the change of a fracture and a soil body structure inside the soil body of the swelling soil in the repeatedly-swelling deformation process. In addition, the sample container of the device is connected with an external pipeline through each joint arranged on the sample container, therefore, data measurement in an experiment process is facilitated, and measurement precision of data is increased.

The invention relates to permeable bricks inlaid with nanometer titanium dioxide and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the field of building materials. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, titanium dioxide precursor turbid liquid is evenly sprayed into holes of permeable brick base bodies, and then the permeable brick base bodies are dried and calcined for 10-30 min so as to obtain the permeable bricks inlaid with nanometer titanium dioxide and anatase type nanometer titanium dioxide is uniformly inlaid in the holes of the obtained permeable bricks. The permeable bricks can effectively degrade contaminants in water seepage passing though the permeable bricks and some organic contaminants attached to the surfaces of brick bodies in a manner of photochemical catalysis and also can degrade a part of gaseous pollutants in air in a manner of photochemical catalysis.

The invention relates to a tunnel lining self waterproof drainage system, which comprises a surrounding rock bearing arch, a cast-in-place cement main waterproof layer, a pre-cast cement arch sheet layer and longitudinal drainage channels. Arch sheet layer construction gaps and cast-in-place cement main waterproof layer construction gaps are interlaced. The tunnel lining self waterproof drainage system is characterized in that movable drainage grooves are fixedly arranged below the pre-cast cement arch sheet layer of centralized bursting water seepage points of loose surrounding rocks, and form arch sheet drainage spaces with an inwards concave surface of the pre-cast cement arch sheet layer, the parallel drainage spaces distributed along the section of a tunnel form a movable drainage channel, the longitudinal drainage channels are communicated and are arranged on two sides of the movable drainage channel and the pavement of the tunnel, pre-embedded water guiding pipes are arranged at the centralized bursting water seepage points, a water outlet end of each pre-embedded water guiding pipe is arranged on the inwards concave surface of the pre-cast cement arch sheet layer, and pre-embedded grouting pipes are arranged outside the pre-embedded water guiding pipes. The invention completely solves stubborn problems of the tunnel on cracking, seeping, frost heaving, ponding or freezing and the like on the premise of not arranging an interlayer waterproof layer and a hidden seepage water blind pipe drainage system, and the tunnel lining self waterproof drainage system disclosed by the invention has a simple structure and is convenient to construct.

This invention relates a method for combined precipitation with pit phreatic water and aquifer layers including the following steps: applying one well structure to a precipitation well, closing a controllable water valve when evacuating the phreatic water, analyzing 3-D underground water seep to determine limit elements, pumped volume and influence radius, when the dig reaches to a water-isolation layer, the water in the aquifer layer is pumped to reduce water pressure to determine the dig depth, water-pump volume, orifice of wells, numbers, the influence radius of water power fall and sedimentation of surrounding ground using a method for computing limit elements determined based on 3-D underground water seepage and ground sedimentation based on plane diameters of the pit, dig depth, embedded depth of underground wall and structure condition of the aquifer layer.

The invention discloses a foamed ceramics energy saving and heat preservation decorative wall brick and a manufacture method thereof, including the steps of conducting ball milling on 15-65 percent wt of industrial residues, 10-45 percent wt of plastic clay, 15-60 percent wt of solvent, 10-45 percent wt of pore-forming agent with the fineness being 1-100mum and proper amount of water to form slurry; spray drying or dehydration and clay preparation, and forming powder material or clay segment through staleness; and implementing pressure forming to make billet which is burned under heat preservation at temperature of 1140-1240 DEG C to finally form the foamed ceramics wall brick. The wall brick can be used not only for the heat preservation and decoration of external walls, but also for indoor heat preservation and decoration, and the external wall and the indoor space can realize the organic combination of uniform heat preservation and decoration, which agrees with the development direction of heat preservation material industry of external walls. The wall brick has the advantages of: I. high temperature resistance, acid and alkali-resistance, good chemical stability, no ageing, strong durability, long service life, no generation of heat channel and good adhesive fixity; and II. difficult water seepage and crack, strong anti-corrosion capacity, uneasy deformation and damage, simplification of mounting, laying and sticking procedures, convenience for construction, relief of labor intensity and decrease of material consumption quantity.

The invention relates to an underground (underwater) building waterproof device, and in particular to a vertical water-stop structure for a concrete engineering expansion joint as well as a manufacturing and construction methods for the same. The vertical water-stop structure comprises a deformation sheet and channel steel, and is characterized in that the deformation sheet is longitudinally arranged, one half is pre-buried in first-stage concrete, the other half is bulged out of a concrete section and externally arranged in a rectangular channel steel opening, and the channel steel is provided with a fixing element and filled with maltha; the surface of the channel steel opening and the section of the first-stage concrete are provided with asphalt felts at the both sides of the deformation sheet, the exposed fixing element is detached after asphalt is cooled, and then second-stage concrete is arranged. According to the vertical water-stop structure disclosed by the invention, the problem of water seepage of a water conservancy project due to the differential settlement or diastrophism of a stratum can be solved, and moreover, labour can be saved and construction period can be shortened.

The invention relates to rebar grouting connecting element sealing materials, and a preparation method and application thereof. The materials are prepared by the following raw materials, by weight, 100 parts of cement, 0-80 parts of activity admixtures, 0.01-10 parts of water reducing agents, 0.01-10 parts of early strength agents, 0.01-30 parts of expanding agents, 0-30 parts of adhesion agents, 0.01-50 parts of plastic retaining agents, 0.01-10 parts of starch ether, 0-100 parts of powder stuffing and 10-300 parts of quartz sand. The sealing materials are prepared through stirring and blending and can be used for sealing process before rebar grouting connection. Compared with the prior art, the sealing materials are good in plasticity, adhesive power and drop smoothness resistance, slurry does not contract, and defects that cracking, water seepage, dropping off and the like are easily generated due to the fact that common cement mortar is used for sealing are overcome. The sealing materials have excellent construction performance, and can be applied to quick extrusion and jetting construction of a caulking gun or a power-driven caulking device. After the sealing materials are adopted to carry out a sealing process, rebar connecting grouting construction can be carried out after one day, and construction efficiency can be greatly improved.

The invention relates to a layer stranded optical cable, a preparation method thereof and a device for the method, belonging to the technical field of optical fibers and optical cables. The layered stranded optical cable comprises a cable core, a protective layer coated outside the cable core and a jacket layer extruded and coated outside the protective layer, wherein the cable core comprises a central reinforcer and more than two loose casings twisted with the central reinforcer; the central reinforcer is formed by a steel wire coated with grease on the external wall and a plastic cushion layer extruded and coated outside the steel wire; and the loose casings respectively contain a plurality of optical fibers. The layered stranded optical cable is characterized in that a groove is formed on the external wall of the steel wire; and the plastic cushion layer is embedded into the groove. The invention can ensure that the fine combination of the plastic cushion layer and the steel wire can be guaranteed to avoid the longitudinal water seepage of the cable core under the premise that the grease coated outside the steel wire is not required to be eliminated; the groove is formed on the surface of the steel wire capable of forming the central reinforcer before entering a plastic extruding machine for the plastic cushion layer so that the plastic cushion layer is reliably combined with the steel wire by utilizing the groove; and an added steel wire grooving machine has simple structure and has no interference to other machinery.

The invention discloses a construction method in the railway field, in particular relates to a construction method of a large-span tunnel passing through a rapid transit railway with a shallow tunneling process. The construction method comprises the following construction steps of: 1, advance supporting and pre-reinforcing; 2, partial excavation and millisecond blasting; and 3, short-bench excavation support construction. In a construction process, grouting technologies such as curtain grouting, full-section grouting, radial grouting and the like are used for blocking an underground water seepage channel to control the loss of underground water; and in the construction process, an automatic high-precision monitoring method and a fixed target high-precision monitoring method are adopted for carrying out monitoring to ensure that the influence of tunnel passing-through construction on rapid transit railway tracks on the ground surface is immediately found. By using the construction method, the safety of the tracks can be ensured when a newly-built railway passes through ballastless tracks.

The invention discloses a video-supporting remotely-controlled fishing biomimetic robotic fish with dual joints to which the power is supplied by coordinately swinging dual tail fins in an opening and closing way and coordinately swinging dual pectoral fins. The biomimetic robotic fish has the characteristics of high speed, flexible turning, high water resistance, high stability, support of fishing, long working time and support of video. The key technology of the biomimetic robotic fish is that: a gear shaft handle is used for pushing a U-shaped shaft arm actuating device, so that the swinging of the tail fins and the dual pectoral fins has the characteristics of continuousness, rapidness, stableness, high efficiency, strong force and the like; a bolt is used for driving a gear arm running device by rotating, so that fish body steering, closing of a fish mouth and receiving and releasing of a fish net can be realized, and rapidness, accuracy and firmness are realized; a dual-layer circular tube nipple joint is sleeved on an anti-water-seepage and inner cavity anti-water-seepage alarm device of a dual-layer rubber tube, so that a mechanism in the abdomen of the fish is ensured; an air pump and an air bag are combined skillfully and applied flexibility, so that the head of robotic fish rises upwards during floating and extends downwards during sinking, a biomimetic function is realized, and the flexibility and diving speed can be increased; and video and the remote control are integrated, so that the function of fishing real fishes with a biomimetic fish is realized.

The invention discloses a method for evaluating shale gas adsorption through a coal/shale ultrahigh pressure gas absorption and seepage experiment. The method comprises the steps that a core is selected and put in a sample cylinder, a confining pressure pump is started to make the sample cylinder reach an experimental confining pressure, and vacuumizing is performed; the temperatures of the sample cylinder and a reference cylinder are stabilized at experimental temperature; helium gas is injected into the reference cylinder, and the pressure of the reference cylinder is measured; after the reference cylinder and the sample cylinder are balanced in pressure, the pressure of the sample cylinder is measured; the pressure of the reference cylinder is increased sequentially, and free space volume measurement of the sample cylinder is completed; systematic vacuumizing is performed; water steam is injected into the sample cylinder; methane having set pressure is injected into the reference cylinder, and the pressure of the reference cylinder is acquired; a balancing valve is turned on, and the pressure of the sample cylinder is acquired; the pressure of the reference cylinder is increased sequentially, and the shale gas adsorption experiment is completed under certain water saturation. By adopting the method, the porosity, the permeability, the adsorbing capacity and gas-water seepage of the experimental core, electrical resistivity change of the core in the experimental process and the influence of different water saturations on absorption and desorption amounts can be respectively measured.

An integrated shower base designed for improving the drainage of a tile shower is disclosed. The shower pan may be custom fabricated and molded with a depression surrounding a drainage opening for receiving a one piece floor drain. The pan and floor drain are welded together to prevent leaking. The floor drain contains weep holes so that water that seeps through the mortar on the shower floor and into the shower pan can drain properly without leaking. The floor drain also contains a reservoir for holding water that drains through the regular shower drain and also for water that seeps through the shower floor. A mortar guard is placed over the weep holes to prevent the holes from becoming clogged. A drainage mat is placed over the shower pan to help water seepage flow to the floor drain.

The invention discloses a binding material for filling fine-grain tailings. The binding material is prepared by milling and mixing the following components in percentage by mass: 15-40% of belite-sulphate aluminum cement, 2-10% of gypsum, 2-8% of quick lime, 40-70% of superfine-grain slag powder, 2-10% of coal ash, 1-6% of activating agent, 0.1-0.5% of activating accelerant, 0.1-0.5% of coagulant, and 0.1-0.5% of water reducer, wherein the activating agent is Na2SiO3, the activating accelerant is sodium fluosilicate, and the coagulant is any one or a mixture of two or more of LiOH, LiCO3 and LiCl; and the water reducer is a naphthalene water reducer or a polycarboxylic acid water reducer. According to the binding material for filling the fine-grain tailings, the problems that -0.074-mm fine-grain tailings and high-silt-content tailings are difficultly solidified and are low in strength after being solidified, and the strength of a filling body can meet a strength requirement on cut and fill of a mine on the filling body by using the binding material; the liquidity of slurry can be improved, and roof-contacting performance of the filling body can be improved; and the water retention capacity can be improved, and the water seepage of the slurry is reduced.

The invention relates to a cement-based penetrable crystallized waterproof paint, a preparation method and a construction method thereof. The cement-based penetrable crystallized waterproof paint is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 65 to 70 percent of cement, 3 to 10 percent of modified bentonite, 2 to 5 percent of modified sodium silicate, 1 to 5 percent of diffusant, 0.5 to 1 percent of penetrant, 2 to 10 percent of wollastonite and 15 to 25 percent of quartz sand. The waterproof paint can recover minute cracks on concrete interfaces and inhibit the water seepage and damp of base interfaces effectively. In addition, the waterproof paint is high in capacity of freezing resistance, high-temperature resistance, chloridion resistance and acid and alkali resistance, and has a long waterproof effect. According to the cement-based penetrable crystallized waterproof paint, leveling layers on the concrete interfaces are saved, and protective layers are savedafter the concrete interfaces are coated, so the waterproof construction is simple. The cement-based penetrable crystallized waterproof paint is suitable for constructional engineering such as underground engineering, subway tunnels, civil air-defense construction, water ponds, oil sumps, sewage tanks, barns, bathrooms, roof squares, parking platforms, high-grade roadways and the like, and is used for processing defects of cracks, honeycomb pitted surfaces and the like of the concrete interfaces.

The invention discloses a tunnel orthographic image acquisition system based on laser radar LIDAR point cloud data. The tunnel laser radar point cloud data of any shape design of section contour are unfolded into a measurable laser radar tunnel orthographic image map by using a skeleton line mileage projection method and a section contour projection method, and the image map acts as a reference base map and a target quantity color numerical analysis map is superposed on the image map in a semitransparent mode. The invention also provides a corresponding method. The generated laser radar tunnel orthographic image can truly reflect the measurable image of the size and the position of the internal wall of the tunnel and can generate a tunnel orthographic image map plane user report including "4D" information to visually display the three-dimensional section deformation and flatness of each part of the internal wall of the tunnel to tunnel structure detection users. The length, the width and the area of cracks, water seepage and other tunnel defects can be actually measured so that the geometric size of the defects can be calculated. The scientific basis is provided to assessment and restoration of the tunnel defects and the production efficiency of tunnel detection is greatly enhanced.

The invention discloses a construction method for a full cover-excavation reverse method of underground engineering. The construction method comprises the following construction steps of A, underground diaphragm wall construction; B, top plate construction for an underground main structure; C, road face recovery construction or construction of a structure above ground; D, first layer underground excavating construction; E, repetition of the step D till underground excavating construction of the lowest layer is completed. The construction method is characterized in that drainage construction is conducted on underground water by adopting a collected water surface draining method in the process of the step B, and it is ensured that the water level is 50cm or so below a foundation pit. Construction of the structure above the ground in the step C can be conducted at the same time with the steps D-E. The steps D-E are constructed under the covering of the top plate completed in the step B. Underground engineering construction is conducted by adopting the construction method, not only can a construction period be shortened, but also the problems of differential settlement, water seepage and water leakage can be effectively solved.

The invention relates to an environment-friendly wood-plastic material which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of wood meal, 25-35 parts of straw powder, 25-35 parts of plant vine powder, 10-15 parts of paper powder, 10-15 parts of waste plastic particle, 19-25 parts of polypropylene, 19-25 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 12-18 parts of reinforcer, 8-13 parts of filler and 8-13 parts of adhesive. The wood-plastic material is simple to manufacture, fully utilizes the diversified raw materials, saves the wood, is economical and environment-friendly, and has the advantages of high compactness, no water seepage, chemical corrosion resistance, light weight and high strength. The raw materials can not be carbonized in the working process, thereby sufficiently ensuring the service performance of the material. The wood-plastic material has certain antistatic and flame-retardant properties, and can satisfy the demands for most occasions.

The invention discloses a method for sealing vertical cracks of basement concrete structures by using microbial grouting, which seals the cracks by using a method of grouting into cracks on the inner sides of walls. In particular, the method comprises the steps of punching holes, cleaning the holes, sealing the surfaces of the cracks, preparing bacterium fluid and nutritive salt solution, grouting the bacterium fluid, grouting the nutritive salt solution, and sealing and plugging grouting holes. The bacterium fluid can induce calcium chloride to generate calcium carbonate sedimentary to effectively fill, seal and plug the cracks and the grouting holes. Water injection tests and observation after raining show that the original cracks are obviously reduced in water seepage.

The invention provides an integrated waterway plate and a filter unit provided with the integrated waterway plate. The side surface of the integrated waterway plate is provided with a plurality of joints and a plurality of filter core bases for connecting with a plurality of filter cores, a plurality of channels are formed in the integrated waterway plate, wherein the joints, channels and filter core bases form the whole or partial waterway pipeline of the integrated waterway plate, and the waterway pipeline is communicated when the filter core bases are connected with the filter cores. When the integrated waterway plate is applied in the filter unit, water to be filtered is allowed to flow into the waterway pipeline through one joint of the joints of the integrated waterway plate which is used as the joint of a water inlet, and flow out from one joint of the joints of waterway pipeline which is used as the joint of a water outlet after being filtered through the all or partial filter cores of the filter core bases in the waterway pipeline . According to the invention, the waterway pipeline connection for filtration can be simplified to avoid the water seepage and water leakage, and the space is saved.

The invention discloses a tunnel underground excavation and lining constriction trolley and a tunnel underground excavation and lining construction method. The tunnel underground excavation and lining trolley comprises a trolley support system and a trolley formwork system; the trolley support system comprises a support system frame, a vertical hydraulic device, an upper vertical pole, a horizontal hydraulic device and a horizontal pole; the trolley formwork system comprises a formwork system frame, a jacking hydraulic oil cylinder, a longitudinal beam, a chord member and a formwork adjusting lead screw. According to the tunnel underground excavation and lining constriction trolley and the tunnel underground excavation and lining construction method, a CRD construction method is effectively improved, by means of the trolley support system, a temporary support system can break median lamella and an inverted arch in one time, the construction period is greatly shortened, and the construction cost is saved; secondary lining is achieved through one-time steel bar binding and pouring, construction joints caused by multiple formworking are reduced, water seepage hidden danger is reduced, and the strength of secondary lining, the smoothness of the outer surface and the overall flatness of concrete are guaranteed.

The invention discloses an overlapping integral type prefabricated assembly structure for a comprehensive pipe gallery and a construction method thereof. The overlapping integral type prefabricated assembly structure comprises envelop enclosures, a pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body, a bottom plate cushion course and a completely outer-cladding waterproof layer, wherein the envelop enclosures are located in a foundation pit; the pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body is arranged between the envelop enclosures; the bottom plate cushion course is arranged under the pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body; and the completely outer-cladding waterproof layer is arranged on the outer side surface of the pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body in a cladding mode. The upper portion of the pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body is filled with backfill earth, and the completely outer-cladding waterproof layer is arranged on the outer side surface of an outer side cast-in-situ part of the pipe gallery prefabricated assembly structure body in a cladding mode. The construction method of the overlapping integral type prefabricated assembly structure comprises the steps of prefabricated component machining, foundation pit excavation, bottom plate pouring, side wall construction, mid-partition construction, top plate construction, earth backfilling and the like. According to the overlapping integral type prefabricated assembly structure for the comprehensive pipe gallery and the construction method thereof, the prominent problems of force bearing of joints, water seepage of connection seams and the like in the underground engineering prefabrication process are solved; and the structural modes of bottom plate casting in situ, side wall single-layer overlapping, mid-partition double-layer overlapping, top plate overlapping, all-joint casting in situ and completely outer-side waterproof layer cladding are adopted, so that effective connection and the waterproof function of the joints are ensured.

The invention relates to a construction method for an underground tunnel, in particular to a construction method for a river-crossing shield tunnel crushed stratum communication channel, which is used for solving the problems of failure of stratum reinforcement, long working period, high cost, poor quality and the like existing in the construction process of the conventional river-crossing shieldtunnel crushed stratum communication channel. The method comprises the following steps of: determining the position of the communication channel; before opening, performing pre-grouting to integrallyconsolidate broken rock outside the excavation outline of the communication channel; forming a high-strength waterproof curtain; before excavation, performing stress conversion; drilling and partitioning to remove a left line pipe sheet, brushing the top, performing tunnel excavation with a combined damping burst technology, and timbering; and drilling and partitioning to remove a right line pipesheet, brushing the top, and performing second lining construction by adopting a combination template. Due to the adoption of the construction method, water seepage is avoided after excavation, the technology is advanced, the blank of a communication channel pre-grouting technology is fulfilled, the working period is short, the mechanical degree is high, the process is simple, construction is environmentally-friendly, collapse is avoided, and over-excavation is greatly lowered; and the method has a wide application range.

The invention discloses a coastal saline-alkali soil terrace type afforesting method for improvement of dredger fill. The coastal saline-alkali soil terrace type afforesting method for improvement of the dredger fill comprises water seepage ditches, foundation terrain dredger fill, straw curtains, geotechnical cloth, improved planting soil, local models and the like, wherein square seepage ditches of the water seepage ditches are longitudinally excavated in the lowest position of the foundation terrain dredger fill, particle-size ballast stones are filled into the square seepage ditches, the distance between the foundation terrain dredger fill and the ground is 1-1.5m, the gradient of the foundation terrain dredger fill is 15 degrees to 30 degrees, straw is distributed on the foundation terrain dredger fill, the geotechnical cloth is laid on the straw curtains, and then the improved planting soil is laid on the geotechnical cloth. Due to the fact that the coastal saline-alkali soil terrace type afforesting method for improvement of the dredger fill is combined with the terrace type shape, the coastal saline-alkali soil terrace type afforesting method for improvement of the dredger fill is beneficial to retaining rainwater, enables salinity to be effectively leached and reduced, is beneficial to fertilizer and soil conservation, and enables the survival rate of landscape plants to be more than 90%, the waste is effectively utilized, natural resources are protected, and afforesting cost is reduced by more than 50%.

The invention provides a porous ceramics composition, a preparation method and application thereof, relating to a ceramic material. The porous ceramics composition comprises the following raw materials of 1 percent of powder particle body as a major material, 0.05-0.5 percent of binding agent, 0.01-0.4 percent of pore generating agent and 0.01-0.5 percent of dispersing agent. The preparation method comprises the steps of: adding the binding agent, the pore generating agent and the dispersing agent in the powder particle body used as the major raw material, mixing and stirring to obtain slurry; and carrying out a wet processing method or dry processing method on the slurry to obtain the finished product. The porous ceramics composition can be applied to the fields of a heat radiating assembly, a heating assembly, a heat exchange assembly, a heat conduction assembly, a heat insulation assembly, a catalytic catalyst carrier, a filtering assembly, a power generating assembly, a light-emitting assembly, a temperature-sensing assembly, a pressure-sensing assembly, a light-sensing assembly, a high temperature electrolysis isolation membrane assembly, a far infrared emitting assembly, an electromagnetic radiation reducing assembly, a battery assembly, a semiconductor module, a dehumidifying assembly, a water seepage brick, a drill cutting assembly, a die assembly and the like.

The invention provides a bentonite slurry compression balance shield machine which is applied to the tunneling construction machinery industry and has four operational modes of cut mode, bypass mode, isolation mode and reversion mode; the operating principle of the invention is that a sealed cabin of an anterior shield mounting baffle plate is injected with the pressured bentonite slurry which is the prepared bentonite-water mixture, forming a pressured slurry cabin, the stable cut surface is realized by the compression system and the pressure-maintaining system; the injected pressured bentonite slurry can be penetrated into the stratum with the depth of a plurality of centimeters and embedded into clearances between soil particles, forming a layer of 'slurry film' which can make the stratum relative stable and water seepage resistant and capable of firmly supporting the soil in front side; when the soil is cut by the cutter head, the cut soil enters the slurry cabin through holes in the cutter head and is mixed with the feeding bentonite slurry to form the high density slurry which is closed in the slurry cabin and conveyed to grounded treatment factories by the deslagging pump. The invention causes little disturbance and sedimentation to the stratum, thereby the invention has wide application range of soil quality and is applied to tunnel constructions in places with high ground water pressure such as river bottom, stream bottom and sea bottom.

The invention provides a method for preparing a composite nanofiltration membrane by tannic acid/Fe<3+> cocoating, relating to a method for preparing a composite nanofiltration membrane. The method aims to solve the following problems in the existing nanofiltration membrane: the separating property is poor, the structure is not stable, the nanofiltration membrane can be easily polluted by microbes, and a large amount of organic solvent is used in the membrane preparation process. The method comprises the following steps: 1. preparing a polymer solution; 2. preparing an ultrafiltration membrane matrix; 3. preparing a tannic acid/Fe<3+> water phase solution, soaking the ultrafiltration membrane matrix in the tannic acid/Fe<3+> water phase solution, and standing to obtain the tannic-acid/Fe<3+>-cocoated composite nanofiltration membrane. The composite nanofiltration membrane has higher interception rate in the separation process of organic dyes, and the interception rate for the methyl blue dye is higher than 95%. The water seepage flux is up to 10<9>L/m<2>.h. The invention discloses a method for preparing a composite nanofiltration membrane by tannic acid/Fe<3+> cocoating.

The invention discloses a water storage system used for a river-alongside road of a sponge city and a construction method. The water storage system comprises a water seepage pond and a water storage pond; a collection water pipe is arranged between the water seepage pond and the water storage pond; the water seepage pond comprises a water permeable surface, a clay layer and a gravel layer; the water permeable surface comprises a water permeable pavement layer, a leveling layer, a water permeable base layer, a permeable layer and a water permeable cushion layer; a first water discharging pipe is arranged in the water permeable base layer; a second water discharging pipe is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer; the first water discharging pipe and the second water discharging pipe are communicated with the collection water pipe respectively. The construction method comprises the following steps: (a) digging a foundation pit; (b) constructing the water storage pond; (c) constructing the water seepage pond; (d) constructing the water permeable surface; (e) curing. The water storage system is simple to construct and convenient to operate; the construction quality is easy to control, the construction cost is low, the permeation effect is good and the water storage capability is strong; collected rainwater is purified and secondary pollution of the rainwater is reduced.

The invention discloses a GMS-based (groundwater modeling system) forecast method for ground water seepage fields at different mining levels of a mining area. The method comprises the steps that through performing analytical investigation on hydrogeological conditions of an area, boundary conditions and water containing bodies are generalized, ground water runoff conditions are analyzed, and coefficients of each source sink term are determined; the GMS is adopted to perform finite difference grid division on a simulation area, an initial water head is determined based on the water level of an observation well, hydrological parameters of each simulation sub-area are determined based on a pumping test and the provided data, hydrological module types of the source sink terms in the area are analyzed, assignment is performed on a corresponding hydrogeological map layer by combining the determined source sink term coefficients, and then a subarea map of the osmotic coefficients at different mining levels is obtained; prediction models for ground water seepage fields of a mining area are established based on GMS, and the observation data is utilized to adjust the hydrogeological parameters of the models, and finally, simulation is performed by combining with the discharge capacities at different mining levels to obtain the ground water seepage fields at different mining levels. The method has the advantages of convenience in operation, excellent three-dimensional visualization function and reliable result.

The invention discloses a siphon drainage method for tunnel wall water seepage disposal by using a dipping borehole. A dipping borehole is drilled in a water seepage point of a tunnel wall, and the relative altitude difference between the orifice and the hole bottom of the borehole is less than 8m; one end of a siphon drain pipe 3 is inserted in a hole-bottom standpipe, and the hole-bottom standpipe is inserted in the bottom of the borehole together with the siphon drain pipe; the other end of the siphon drain pipe is inserted in a water storage tank of a diversion pipe; underground water seeped from surrounding rock enters the dipping borehole to cause the water level to rise in the borehole and also cause a siphon process, the underground water in the borehole is drained to the diversion pipe in real time through the siphon drain pipe, and the water is guided to a drainage ditch of a tunnel through the diversion pipe and flows out of the tunnel. The method disclosed by the invention disposes the water seepage by dredging instead of blocking, thus avoiding the diffusion of an underground water seepage range. The construction of the tunnel side wall water seepage disposal is rapid and convenient, and a bad effect caused by a damaged lining impermeable layer due to the seepage-proofing disposal can be avoided.

The invention relates to a method for transplanting a large-sized landscape tree in saline-alkali soil. The method is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps: (1) preparing a seedling tree; (2) preparing a tree pit: (a) digging the tree pit; (b) laying a water seepage layer; (c) laying nutritional soil; (3) carrying out tree planting: (a) coiling a nutrient tube at the outer circumference of a soil ball; (b) adjusting the tree pit planting direction of the seedling tree; (c) arranging an observation well pipe at one side of the soil ball; (d) backfilling improved soil; (4) maintaining: (a) observing the water accumulation condition of the root of the tree; (b) conveying nutrient solution through the nutrient tube. The invention also relates to a structural layout of the tree pit for transplanting the large-sized landscape tree in the saline-alkali soil, wherein the water seepage layer is laid at the bottom of the tree pit, the nutritional soil is laid on the upper surface of the water seepage layer, and the observation well pipe is arranged. Compared with the prior art, the method and the structural layout have the advantages that the problems in large tree transplanting that the survival rate is low, the growth is slow, and the like are solved on the premise that an isolating layer is not arranged and a water seepage pipe or blind ditch is not laid to remove salt, the survival rate of the large tree transplanted in the offshore saline-alkali soil is increased remarkably, in addition, the implementation is simple and convenient, the cost is reduced, and the like.