8918 results about "Supporting system" patented technology

The invention discloses a tunnel multi-source fusion dynamic twin surrounding rock intelligent prediction and control method and system, and the method comprises the steps: collecting multi-source heterogeneous data in real time through intelligent drilling equipment, a distributed optical fiber sensing network and a mobile scanning device which are disposed on a tunnel construction surface; inputting the multi-source heterogeneous data into a space-time diagram convolutional network, constructing a space-time correlation model of geological features and construction disturbance parameters, and outputting a coupling feature matrix; based on the coupling characteristic matrix, simulating the dynamic response of the surrounding rock-support system through a streaming voxelization engine and a multi-physics coupling engine, and generating a risk evolution three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram; and inputting the risk evolution three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram into the deep reinforcement learning model, and dynamically optimizing to generate a construction parameter regulation and control instruction meeting a safety constraint condition. According to the technology, a full-link channel of'data perception-mechanical analysis-decision execution 'is opened in a closed-loop mode, and therefore the double risks of'data distortion misjudgment' and'response lag out-of-control 'of a traditional method are avoided.

The invention discloses an optimal design method and system for foundation pit supporting, and aims to improve the design efficiency and safety of a supporting structure, collect on-site landform and soil physical and mechanical parameters, evaluate the influence of foundation pit excavation on the surrounding environment, analyze geological disaster risks, formulate preventive measures and select a proper supporting structure type. Finite element analysis software is used for simulating the performance of different supporting schemes, monitoring equipment is installed to monitor the state of a foundation pit in real time, a machine learning algorithm is used for establishing a prediction model, a design scheme is adjusted according to monitoring data, the final performance of a supporting system is evaluated, abnormal conditions are recorded, and the design process and the construction method are continuously improved according to project feedback. According to the method, a data acquisition and processing module, a design decision support module, a numerical simulation and optimization module, a monitoring and feedback control module, a construction management module and a later evaluation and feedback module are integrated, a closed-loop optimization design system is formed, key problems in support design are solved, and engineering efficiency and safety are remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a rock tunnel intelligent supporting system and method adaptive to geological conditions, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction automation and intellectualization. The system comprises an intelligent advanced geological forecast module, an intelligent surrounding rock quality evaluation system, a self-adaptive support design optimization module, an intelligent construction equipment monitoring system, an environment monitoring module, a safety early warning system, a construction data analysis and decision support system, a material supply chain management module, a personnel positioning and management system and an integrated control system. Through real-time monitoring and analysis of the intelligent advanced geological forecast module and the safety early warning system, potential geological risks and safety threats in the tunnel construction process can be found in time. And through an adaptive support design optimization algorithm, support parameters and a construction scheme can be dynamically adjusted according to real-time geological data and a surrounding rock quality evaluation result. The integrated control system serves as the core of the whole intelligent supporting system, and unified management and coordination of all the sub-modules are achieved.

The invention discloses a cooperative monitoring device and method for a large deep foundation pit complex supporting system, and relates to the technical field of foundation pit supporting. The device comprises a multi-dimensional sensor network module, a BIM-GIS digital twin platform module, an intelligent analysis and early warning module, a construction collaborative decision module, a data backup and recovery module and a remote monitoring and management module. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, carrying out multi-source data space-time registration; step 2, dynamically constructing a digital twinborn model; step 3, coupling risk assessment; step 4, construction collaborative optimization; according to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps of data processing, data quality control and system performance evaluation, through three innovations of deep coupling of multi-source data, dynamic model correction and intelligent collaborative decision making, a'monitoring-analysis-decision-execution 'full closed loop is constructed, technical breakthroughs are achieved in complex working condition adaptability, early warning real-time performance and construction safety, and the method has remarkable engineering application value.

Embodiments support systems and methods for large language model (LLM)-assisted research tools that support retrieval-augmented content generation. In an aspect, the disclosed systems and methods may provide functionality for receiving, by one or more processors, a set of search criteria via a graphical user interface. The systems and methods may also include functionality for providing, by the one or more processors, the set of search criteria or information derived from the set of search criteria as one or more prompts to one or more LLMs, and for generating, by the one or more LLMs, textual content based on the one or more prompts. The textual content may include information associated with one or more legal issues associated with the set of search criteria.

The invention provides a building construction site safety monitoring and early warning method and system based on the Internet of Things, and relates to the technical field of data processing.The method comprises the steps that a three-base-point dynamic topological structure is established in a target monitoring domain, a first datum point is arranged at the extension end of the axis vertical line of a slewing bearing of a tower crane, and a second datum point is arranged at the extension end of the axis vertical line of the slewing bearing of the tower crane; the second datum point is embedded in the radial section of a force bearing flange plate of the hydraulic jacking module, the third datum point is fixedly connected to the intersection joint of a deep foundation pit top beam and a supporting system, and a non-collinear vector set is constructed through three-point coordinate offset; and based on the non-collinear vector group, deformation compensation correction is performed on the dynamic calibration parameter set through a vector space topological transformation algorithm, a topological reconstruction data stream containing a displacement gradient tensor and strain energy density is generated, and a risk situation feature space is constructed based on the topological reconstruction data stream. According to the invention, the intelligent construction safety management is realized.

To provide a legal affairs consultation support system for promoting the efficiency of legal affairs consultation cases including examination work on a contract and legal affairs consultation work.SOLUTION: A legal affairs consultation support system which has a database for storing consultation information acquired from a client and reply information on replies to the consultation information from a person responsible for legal affairs includes steps of: respectively summarizing the consultation information and the reply information by using generative AI so as to generate summarized consultation information and summarized reply information; and associating the summarized consultation information with the summarized reply information so as to store them.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

The invention discloses a high and large formwork engineering supporting system construction method, and belongs to the technical field of building engineering. Comprising the following steps: step 1, arranging intelligent nodes in a high and large template support system to realize information sharing and group cooperative regulation and control among the nodes; step 2, dividing the support system into a plurality of mutually associated load control areas, and setting differentiated load control parameters; step 3, automatically optimizing a pouring path; 4, when the concrete strength reaches a preset threshold value, the supporting rigidity or the reserved deformation amount is automatically adjusted according to a preset program, and the concrete structure bears the dead weight step by step; 5, the temporary load is automatically compensated, when the load exceeds a safety threshold value, a load redistribution mechanism and a reinforcing device are triggered, meanwhile, an alarm is started, and abnormal data are pushed; and step 6, continuously optimizing control parameters, accumulating construction data, constructing a digital construction record and a knowledge base, and realizing intelligent iterative upgrading of the construction method.

The invention discloses a deep water-rich weak-impact coal seam surrounding rock control method based on rapid tunneling, and relates to the technical field of surrounding rock control. The method comprises the steps that S1, a high-risk area is identified through address detection, a waterproof curtain is constructed, and the tunneling disturbance risk is reduced; s2, rapid tunneling and instant supporting are conducted, the surrounding rock exposure time is shortened, tunneling and supporting are completed synchronously, and deformation development is restrained; s3, sensing a surrounding rock-support response in real time, optimizing parameters and early warning risks, and realizing dynamic monitoring and feedback regulation and control; s4, later-stage continuous reinforcement maintenance is conducted, so that the roadway adapts to the rheological characteristics of deep surrounding rock, and the service cycle of the roadway is prolonged; according to the method, a high-risk area is identified through various detection technologies, and instant supporting is achieved through cutting process optimization and digging and supporting collaborative operation; real-time monitoring and dynamic feedback are achieved, and automatic optimization of supporting parameters is achieved; and later reinforcement and periodic maintenance are adopted to ensure that the surrounding rock supporting system can adapt to the rheological characteristics of deep surrounding rock for a long time.

The invention provides a Web-based MBSE collaborative research and development management system, which belongs to the field of model-based system engineering and comprises a demand center used for managing demands generated in a system development process and supporting system models, simulation data and demand entries to trace; the model center is used for managing model data generated in a system development process taking a demand as an input; the simulation center is used for calling and executing each model and recording simulation configuration, simulation tasks and simulation result data; the document center is used for extracting data and automatically generating and managing various documents; the digital clue is used for managing digital clue data of the MBSE and displaying an association tracing relation of data in a forward design process based on a model; and the project management module is used for managing the information of the MBSE research and development project. According to the method, a model-based system digital research and development process is realized, team cooperation efficiency and product design quality are improved, and tool support is provided for complex product MBSE activities.

The invention discloses a BIM-based process simulation and consultation service support system and method, and relates to the technical field of three-dimensional modeling and visualization. The system comprises a BIM holographic data acquisition module, a process logic intelligent deconstruction module, a dynamic process simulation engine module, a physical field real-time monitoring module, an expert knowledge decision module and a visual scheme generation module. And multi-dimensional deviation early warning thresholds are set for different construction stages, the accuracy of conflict detection of various processes is ensured, meanwhile, environment illumination parameters collected by a sensor are linked with a BIM rendering engine in real time, the problem of light and shadow distortion in a digital twinning scene can be dynamically corrected, material texture misjudgment caused by illumination color temperature deviation is avoided, and the working efficiency of the digital twinning scene is improved. The accuracy of process conflict early warning is improved, and the construction safety risk and the resource scheduling error are reduced.

The invention discloses an employment and entrepreneurship support system based on artificial intelligence, relates to the technical field of occupational planning, and aims to solve the problem that a traditional support mode is insufficient in individuation and accuracy. The system comprises a multi-modal data acquisition module used for acquiring facial expressions, whole body dynamics and voice data of a user in at least 30 minutes of video dialogue in real time; a dialogue text is processed through a large language model based on a Transform architecture, continuous time sequence modeling is carried out on multi-modal dynamic behaviors by applying a liquid time constant network, and deep fusion reasoning is carried out in combination with multiple groups of multi-head Transform attention mechanisms. The core analyzes the real thought, psychological state, behavior pattern and core ability of the user through consistency verification, generates a structured dynamic user insight abstract, and customizes personalized vocational development or entrepreneurship planning according to the structured dynamic user insight abstract. According to the method, the potential of the user can be deeply informed, high-precision personalized planning is provided, the decision-making quality and success rate are improved, and the method has dynamic adaptation and continuous learning capabilities.

A driving support system 1 includes a surrounding information acquisition unit 81 that acquires surrounding information, an alert target recognition unit 85 that recognizes a following vehicle present in an alert region defined to be laterally behind the subject vehicle as an alert target, an alert control unit 86 that performs first alert control of alerting the rider of the subject vehicle about the presence of the alert target in a case where the alert target is recognized, and a course changing prediction unit 87 that predicts execution of course changing by the subject vehicle to be performed while the alert target is recognized. The alert control unit 86 performs second alert control with a higher alert intensity than the first alert control in a case where execution of the course changing is predicted by the course changing prediction unit 87 while the first alert control is performed.

The invention discloses an intelligent electrical equipment maintenance task decision support system and method, particularly relates to the field of motor maintenance, is used for solving the problem of running-in mismatching of new and old parts, and comprises the following steps: collecting multi-dimensional performance parameters of the new and old parts, constructing a performance feature database, and detailedly describing key parameter differences; a personalized running-in curve is generated by using a support vector machine regression algorithm, the load change rate, the rotating speed adjustment step length and the running-in time are accurately set, and vibration and current fluctuation caused by initial mismatching of new and old parts are avoided; by monitoring the temperature, the vibration spectrum and the current fluctuation of the equipment in real time, the load and the rotating speed are automatically adjusted, and the running-in process is ensured to be stable; the frequency spectrum sharpness index and the time sequence entropy difference index are combined, running-in state classification analysis is carried out, and potential anomalies are recognized in time; in an ambiguous state, running-in is optimized by adjusting PID parameters, it is ensured that new and old parts are gradually matched, the operation stability of equipment is improved, and faults and damage caused by poor running-in for a long time are avoided.

The invention relates to the field of constructional engineering, and discloses an assembly type reinforced concrete-steel structure foundation pit supporting system convenient to disassemble and a construction technology, and the assembly type reinforced concrete-steel structure foundation pit supporting system comprises a top beam, a waist beam, a supporting pile and an inner supporting system; the inner supporting system is formed by assembling a standard steel-concrete beam section main support and a steel member auxiliary support in cooperation with a jack adjusting system. The invention further provides a new system on-site assembly construction process, namely detailed steps of assembly construction from the uppermost layer to the lower layer step by step. The fabricated structure integrates the advantages of two fabricated structures, is suitable for foundation pit supporting with large stress and strict deformation control, and has the advantages of being high in construction speed, short in construction period, low in construction cost, convenient to dismantle and capable of completely recycling most of inner supporting components compared with a traditional cast-in-place steel-concrete foundation pit supporting system.

The invention discloses a cavity type mixed tower fan foundation formwork construction method. Comprising the steps of cushion layer pouring, pay-off, cavity foundation slab steel bar binding, annular support system erecting, foundation lower inner formwork supporting and inner support frame body arranging, cantilever anchoring end bottom formwork frame body supporting, cantilever anchoring end bottom formwork installing, foundation upper inner formwork supporting and inner support arranging, anchor backing plate and prestressed pipe installing, steel bar binding and annular support system erecting. And a foundation outer formwork is installed. Compared with the prior art, formwork erecting is formed at a time, a foundation is integrally poured, and the overall construction quality is guaranteed; the problem of leakage caused by two-time pouring of a construction joint part is avoided, water stop steel plates are reduced, and materials are saved; the inner supporting frame bodies are radially arranged with the center of the circle and the center of the stand column as a supporting point, and structural stress is reasonable. The supporting frame body is simple in structure, neat, attractive, reasonable in stress and easy to operate, the center stand column is recycled, and construction is efficient.

The invention relates to the technical field of tokamak device parts, in particular to a supporting system for a polar field coil in a tokamak device. Comprising a toroidal field coil, two first polar field coils, two second polar field coils, two third polar field coils, two first supporting assemblies, two second supporting assemblies and a third supporting assembly, one first supporting assembly is used for fixedly connecting the top end of the toroidal field coil with one first polar field coil, and the other first supporting assembly is used for fixedly connecting the top end of the third polar field coil. And the other first supporting assembly is used for fixedly connecting the bottom end of the annular field coil and the other first polar field coil. Wherein one second supporting assembly is used for fixedly connecting the upper part of the toroidal field coil and one second polar field coil, and the other second supporting assembly is used for fixedly connecting the lower part of the toroidal field coil and the other second polar field coil. And the third supporting assembly is used for fixedly connecting the middle part of the annular field coil and the two third polar field coils.

The invention discloses a safety monitoring system of a high transverse support system for cable-stayed bridge man-shaped tower column construction, and relates to the technical field of bridge construction monitoring, the system comprises a creeping formwork integrated sensing module used for generating a point cloud model by using a mechanical arm integrated on a hydraulic creeping formwork platform and a laser radar scanning tower column curved surface, combining with a preset building information model coordinate, adaptively adjusting the mounting posture of the sensor, and outputting the mounting coordinate position of the sensor; the optical fiber sensing network module is used for collecting original strain and temperature data by using a distributed optical fiber sensor deployed along a main stress path of the support truss; an inertial navigation fusion positioning module; a digital twinning early warning module; and an edge calculation relay module. According to the invention, a full-process monitoring chain from data acquisition to risk early warning is constructed through cooperation of multiple modules, full-period and multi-dimensional dynamic control of construction of the human-shaped tower column high transverse support system is realized, and timely perception and overall control of potential risks are ensured.

The invention discloses a method and device for predicting the self-vibration fundamental frequency of a dry-type air-core reactor. The method comprises the steps that first parameter information about a reactor coil and second parameter information about a supporting system are obtained; according to the second parameter information, a beam unit model about the supporting system is established, and the first lateral stiffness of the beam unit model is calculated; calculating the total lateral stiffness of the support system according to the first lateral stiffness; and according to the first parameter information and the second parameter information, adjusting the total lateral stiffness, and calculating the self-vibration fundamental frequency. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the parameter information of the reactor coil and the support system is obtained, the total lateral stiffness of the support system is calculated according to the parameter information, and the self-vibration fundamental frequency of the reactor equipment is output by further correcting the coil mass and the total lateral stiffness. Therefore, the structural dynamic characteristics of the reactor equipment are evaluated in the scheme design stage, the design and model selection work of a support system is assisted and guided, and the design and development efficiency is improved.

According to the bearing rigidity optimization and vibration reduction design method for the rotor and the bearing system, under the condition that the structural form of the rotor and the bearing system is not subversively adjusted, the elastic bearing and the extrusion oil film damper are arranged and designed, and the bearing rigidity of the rotor and the bearing system is optimized. The fulcrum rigidity is reduced to change the strain energy distribution of the rotor and adjust the critical rotating speed, and the vibration level of the rotor, especially vibration caused by sudden unbalance and transcritical of the multi-fulcrum rotor, is suppressed.

The invention discloses a real-time simulation platform of a floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) riser support system based on Modelica, and belongs to the field of intelligent simulation. Comprising a demand definition module, a data loading module, an environment simulation module, a riser support modeling module, a system verification module, a simulation calculation module, an optimization scheduling module, an evaluation analysis module, a control suggestion module, a real-time visualization module, a storage backtracking module and a feedback adjustment module. According to the method, a high-dimensional nonlinear space can be globally searched, a better solution can be found, premature convergence is avoided, the stability of an optimization result is improved, it can be ensured that parameter configuration always keeps the optimal performance under variable working conditions, the intelligence and adaptability of an operation strategy can be improved, and it is ensured that a riser supporting system is always in an optimal control state under different working conditions; according to the method, high efficiency of multi-objective optimization is achieved, the best balance point among vibration reduction, abrasion reduction and equipment service life prolonging can be found, and therefore double improvement of economical efficiency and safety is achieved.

The invention provides a gob-side roadway roof cutting pressure relief supporting structure and method, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining construction. And the inclined coal seam roof-cutting pressure-relief coal-pillar-free asymmetric roadway support is realized. According to the technical scheme, the system comprises a gob-side roadway formed along the inclined coal seam and an anchor net beam grouting comprehensive supporting system arranged on the gob-side roadway; and a waste rock blocking device is arranged in the gob-side roadway. The method has the beneficial effects that after the holes are drilled in the rock stratum, the pulse waves are used for conducting directional fracturing on the rock stratum, the kerfs are formed between the adjacent drill holes, directional cutting of the basic roof and the immediate roof of the gob-side entry retaining is achieved, after working face recovery, the basic roof is subjected to shear fracture in the pre-splitting kerfs, the length of a lateral cantilever is reduced, and pressure relief is completed. And meanwhile, for a fracture surface which is seriously impacted by roof crushing and goaf gangue tumbling, a composite supporting system is formed in a way of filling high-water materials beside a roadway and bolting-grouting supporting in combination with early-stage anchor net cable supporting.

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an exosuit support system, comprising first and second orthotic interfaces, first and second members, and first and second actuators. The first and second orthotic interfaces can be configured to attach to left and right legs of a user, respectively. The first member can comprise a first end connected to the first orthotic interface and a second end connected to a portion of the system configured to be positioned proximate a right shoulder of the user. The second member can comprise a first end connected to the second orthotic interface and a second end connected to a portion of the system configured to be positioned proximate a left shoulder of the user. The first actuator can be configured to apply a first tension to the first member. The second actuator can be configured to apply a second tension to the second member.

The invention discloses a construction engineering site safety monitoring and early warning system, which comprises a high-precision sensor network, an intelligent video monitoring system, a data processing and analysis center, an early warning and decision support platform, an early warning and decision support platform, a mobile terminal application, a satellite positioning and geographic information system GIS integration and an internet of things gateway and edge computing device, the high-precision sensor network is composed of various sensors deployed at key parts of a building structure, construction equipment, a temporary support system and the like, and is used for monitoring the stress state and the deformation condition of a structure body and the operation parameters and the environment information of the equipment in real time; the data is transmitted to a data processing center through a low-power-consumption and long-distance wireless communication technology; according to the invention, a high-precision sensor network is constructed, real-time and accurate monitoring of information in multiple aspects such as key parts, construction equipment and environment of a building structure is realized, the condition of a construction site is comprehensively and accurately mastered, and monitoring dead angles and information omission are effectively avoided.

To provide a learning support system capable of sustaining or upgrading a learning enthusiasm of a pupil who is relatively bad at learning.SOLUTION: A learning support system in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: message generation means that generates a message to be sent from a learning support person C to a learner; message transmission control means for executing control to transmit a message generated by the message generation means to a learner; memory means that stores message adjustment information G14 which adjusts the contents of a message for each learner; and adjustment information upgrade means that upgrades the message adjustment information G14 on the basis of a learner's degree of upgrade in learning. The message generation means generates a message on the basis of the message adjustment information G14 upgraded by the adjustment information upgrade means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit supporting, and discloses a large deep foundation pit inner supporting system with a safety system.The large deep foundation pit inner supporting system comprises a telescopic rod, a supporting rod, a connecting plate and a soil retaining plate, one end of the telescopic rod is rotationally connected with a connecting block through a pin, the connecting block is movably provided with an elastic assembly, and the elastic assembly is connected with one side of the supporting rod; the elastic assembly reserves an elastic telescopic space between the supporting rod and the telescopic rod and is used for detecting displacement generated when the supporting rod and the soil retaining plate support the foundation pit, clamping grooves are formed in the two opposite sides of the soil retaining plate, and an assembling structure is arranged on one side of the supporting rod. According to the large-scale deep foundation pit inner supporting system with the safety system, prestress can be effectively applied to the side wall of the foundation pit, so that the periphery of the pit wall has certain supporting force, the deformation condition of the side wall of the foundation pit can be monitored, meanwhile, underground water seepage of a soil layer of the foundation pit can be eliminated in time, and the safety coefficient during foundation pit supporting is improved.

Data captured during a surgical procedure can include video streams, such as from a laparoscopic camera. Technical solutions are described to facilitate online surgical phase recognition from the captured video stream(s). Surgical phase recognition is key in developing context-aware supporting systems for surgeons and medical teams in general. The technical solutions describe taking temporal context in videos into account by precise modeling of temporal neighborhoods in a video.

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering formwork trolleys, in particular to an integral box culvert electric formwork moving trolley and a construction method of the integral box culvert electric formwork moving trolley. The internal mold system is arranged in the box culvert and used for supporting and protecting the box culvert from the interior of the box culvert; the outer mold system is arranged outside the box culvert; the box culvert is supported and protected from the outside of the box culvert. The inner mold system comprises an inner mold trolley support, an inner mold walking mechanism, an inner mold plate and an inner mold fixing mechanism, the inner mold walking mechanism is used for driving the inner mold trolley support to do translational motion in the box culvert, the inner mold trolley support is used for supporting the inner mold fixing mechanism and the inner mold plate, and the inner mold fixing mechanism is used for fixing the inner mold plate to the inner wall of the box culvert; the trolley is provided with a top side formwork supporting system, the erecting procedure and time of a formwork support in a box chamber in traditional cast-in-place construction are optimized, the trolley is driven by a walking motor, the on-site assembling and disassembling time is shortened, and the box culvert construction period is shortened by 20%.

The invention discloses a supporting safety monitoring system for tunneling rockburst, which relates to the technical field of tunneling rockburst supporting safety monitoring and comprises a tunnel survey module, a rockburst analysis module, a prevention processing analysis module and a processing execution module. In the tunneling process, although an existing support safety monitoring system evaluates the rockburst risk through multiple monitoring means such as stress, deformation, vibration and micro-seismic monitoring, obvious defects still exist, including the problems of inaccurate high-risk area recognition, insufficient monitoring precision, unreasonable support demand distribution, untimely support system response and the like. According to the invention, after analysis is carried out through the rockburst analysis module and the prevention processing analysis module, processing is carried out through the processing execution module; the balanced distribution of pressure is realized, and the pressure or displacement abnormal condition is quickly responded; and by means of integrated analysis and automatic supporting adjustment, the efficiency and safety of tunnel stability maintenance are greatly improved.

To provide a search support system, etc. capable of reducing a cost required for search.SOLUTION: There is provided a search support system. The search support system includes at least one processor. The processor is configured to execute the following steps by reading a program: a receiving step of receiving selection of a candidate job opening by an employer from at least one job opening registered in a job opening database; an acquisition step of acquiring job opening information relating to the candidate job opening out of the job opening database; and a presentation step of presenting recommended conditions for searching for candidates suitable for the candidate job opening from search object persons including personnel belonging to organizations or outside organizations that recruit through candidate job openings, on the basis of the job opening information and reference information, where the reference information includes a correlation between the job opening information and the recommended conditions.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1