21 results about "Atmospheric air" patented technology

The present invention provides a method of producing hydrochloric acid, comprising reacting high-temperature gaseous chlorine and water vapour in a carbon-free reverse Deacon reaction (RDR) at a temperature of from about 450 to about 750 °Celsius to produce a mixture of gases comprising hydrogen chloride and oxygen. The chlorine is produced by fusing and electrolysing sodium or magnesium chloride in solid phase. The water vapour comes from thermally decomposing a hydroxide of at least one of calcium, magnesium and iron in the absence of oxygen to produce the water vapour without any admixture of oxygen (e.g., from atmospheric air). The mixture of gases produced by the RDR is immediately contacted with liquid water to dissolve the hydrogen chloride therein, thereby producing hydrochloric acid and a stream of tail gases. Heat is extracted from the hydrochloric acid to maintain its temperature substantially constant until the stream of tail gases is no longer in contact therewith. Thus the chlorine and water vapour are both supplied to the RDR at high purity and require little, if any, preheating. Heat extracted from contacting the mixture of gases with liquid water may be used to keep the RDR within its range of operating temperatures. Oxygen can be separated from the stream of tail gases, and the oxygen-depleted stream can be recycled back to the RDR to give a high percentage conversion of chlorine to hydrogen chloride. The RDR may be uncatalysed and kept within its operating temperature range by radio-frequency volumetric heating in at least one of the IEEE Ku-, K- and Ka-bands. The invention also provides a corresponding apparatus (1h) for producing hydrochloric acid, comprising an electrolytic cell (10) for the electrolysis, a gas-tight kiln (20) for the thermal decomposition, a gas-phase reactor (30) for the RDR, and an absorber (40) for dissolving the hydrogen chloride in the liquid water. The apparatus (1h) may further comprise a separator (80) for separating the stream of tail gases into the oxygen-depleted stream and a stream of oxygen, which may be fed to a steelmaking apparatus (90), for example. The liquid water for dissolving the hydrogen chloride can come from condensing water vapour obtained by drying an aqueous solution of sodium or magnesium chloride or of sodium hydroxide. The apparatus (1h) may therefore also comprise a dryer (60) for drying this aqueous solution, and a condenser (70) for condensing the water vapour thus obtained. Sodium chloride or magnesium chloride in solid phase derived from drying the aqueous solution may be recycled back to the electrolytic cell (10). Electricity for the electrolysis can come from a renewable resource. At least some of the heat for the thermal decomposition may come from the liquid metal which is a co-product of the electrolysis. The invention is therefore highly energy efficient and requires little, if any, extra energy, apart from the electricity required for the electrolysis. The invention also uses commonly available ingredients and produces no greenhouse gases.

The present application relates to two five-way valve field, especially to a kind of double-layer coaxial two five-way valve, including shell and turbo fan for supercharging, hollow spool is matched and installed in the shell, the shell one end is equipped with motor for driving spool reciprocating movement, the other end is equipped with the end head of intercommunication, the end head is opened with atmospheric air inlet and atmospheric air outlet, the shell is provided with with turbo fan inlet intercommunication's outlet air duct and with turbo fan outlet intercommunication's inlet channel, and the public end output channel capable of forming positive and negative pressure inside, the spool outside is formed by several fan-shaped ring baffles and longitudinal valve plate several air exchange air duct, the device only needs to utilize motor to drive spool reciprocating movement to make airflow move according to preset mode, and it is ingenious in design, and low in cost.

A gas sampling device and method including a cylindrical chamber comprising a closed top and a closed bottom, an opening in the top and air vents in the wall of the chamber proximate to the closed bottom, a fan in the opening for drawing atmospheric air into the chamber and creating positive pressure in the chamber to expel air through the air vents, a set of sensors in the chamber, the sensors comprising a methane sensor, a hydrogen sensor, a liquified petroleum gas sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a humidity sensor, and a controller and a power source operably connected to the sensors and the fan for controlling the fan and sensors for the collection of sensor data.

Provided herein are processes and systems related to a carbon dioxide sequestration process, comprising a) calcining limestone using a fossil fuel alternative input to form a mixture comprising lime and a gaseous stream comprising more than about 30 vol % carbon dioxide; and b) treating the mixture comprising lime with atmospheric air and allowing carbon dioxide from the atmospheric air to react with the mixture and form a composition comprising calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, or combination thereof. Provided also herein are processes and systems related to a carbon dioxide sequestration process, comprising a) calcining limestone using a fossil fuel alternative input to form a mixture comprising lime and a gaseous stream comprising more than about 30 vol % carbon dioxide; and b) treating the mixture comprising lime with natural water and allowing dissolved carbon dioxide in the natural water to react with the mixture to form a composition comprising calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, or combination thereof.

Process for energy storage and release, comprising: implementing a closed cyclic thermodynamic transformation (TTC), first in a forward path in a storage phase and then in a return path in a release phase, between an enclosure (2) for storing a working fluid other than atmospheric air in the gaseous phase and in pressure equilibrium with the atmosphere and a reservoir (6) for storing the working fluid in liquid or super-critical phase; wherein in the storage phase the process accumulates heat and potential energy in the form of pressure and in the release phase the process generates energy. During the storage phase and / or the release phase, internal heat is also intended to be moved among different portions of the working fluid flowing in a first part of a forward path and in a second part of the forward path, respectively, and / or among different portions of the working fluid flowing respectively in a first part of a return path and in a second part of a return path.

The present invention relates to a tire (1) for a vehicle, comprising at least one sidewall (2), with at least one high-contrast sidewall element (3) consisting of a texture comprising raised protrusions (4, 5) relative to a sidewall surface (21) in contact with atmospheric air, and / or recesses (6) relative to the sidewall surface (21). The invention describes a sidewall rubber composition (2) exhibiting a good compromise between tear resistance and rolling resistance. According to the invention, the weight ratio between the reinforcing filler and the plasticizing agent is at most 4.50, the sum of the reinforcing filler and the rubber powder content is at least 30% and at most 70%, and the weight ratio between the rubber powder content and the reinforcing filler is at least 0.20 and at most 2.50. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 1

A process comprises: implementing a closed thermodynamic cyclic transformation (TTC), first in one direction in a storage phase and then in an opposite direction in a release phase, between an enclosure (2) for storing a working fluid other than atmospheric air in the gaseous phase and in pressure equilibrium with the atmosphere, and a reservoir (6) for storing said working fluid in liquid or super-critical phase. The storage phase comprises: A-B preheating the working fluid coming from the enclosure (2); B-C compressing the working fluid a first time using external energy to be stored; C-D removing a first amount of heat (Q1) from the working fluid to cool it a first time and storing the first amount of heat (Q1); D-E further cooling the working fluid by removing excess heat (QE) from the working fluid; E-F compressing the working fluid a second time using additional external energy to be stored; F-G removing a second amount of heat (Q2) from the working fluid to cool it a second time and storing the second amount of heat (Q2); G-H removing a third amount of heat Q3 from the working fluid to increase a density of the working fluid, storing the third amount of heat Q3, and storing the working fluid in the reservoir (6) in liquid or super-critical phase. At least part of the excess heat QE removed in the sub-phase D-E is recovered and used in the sub-phase A-B to preheat the working fluid from the enclosure (2).

A DAC unit having a steam source, at least one unit containing an adsorber structure, the adsorber structure being heatable to a temperature of 60° C. for the desorption of CO2 and being openable to flow-through of ambient atmospheric air and for contacting it with the sorbent material. The adsorber structure has an array of individual adsorber elements each adsorber element has at least one sorbent layer or monolith having the sorbent material. The adsorber elements in the array are arranged essentially parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other, forming parallel fluid passages for flow-through of at least one of ambient atmospheric air and steam, and at least one device for separating carbon dioxide from water.

A system for performing preventive maintenance of a processing chamber of a substrate processing system using atmospheric air comprises a first plurality of valves and manifolds, a second plurality of valves and manifolds, and a controller. The first plurality of valves and manifolds are located downstream from the processing chamber. The second plurality of valves and manifolds are located upstream from the processing chamber. The controller is configured to perform the preventive maintenance by: initially purging the processing chamber and the first plurality of valves and manifolds while maintaining pressure in the processing chamber between a first pressure and a second pressure that is greater than the first pressure and less than atmospheric pressure, and subsequently purging the processing chamber and the second plurality of valves and manifolds while maintaining pressure in the processing chamber between the first pressure and a third pressure that is less than the first pressure.

An absorption column assembly includes an absorption column extending between an upstream end and a downstream end. The absorption column includes a plurality of absorption column modules extends between the upstream and downstream ends of the absorption column. A system includes a stripping structure and an absorption column assembly including an absorption column extending between an upstream end and a downstream end. The absorption column includes a plurality of absorption column modules extending between the upstream and downstream ends of the absorption column. The absorption column assembly is configured to receive lean solvent and flue gas or atmospheric air. Each of the plurality of absorption column modules is configured to cause the lean solvent to absorb a component of the gas or the atmospheric air into the lean solvent to form rich solvent and lean gas.

The application relates to the technical field of atmospheric quality detection, and discloses an atmospheric quality detection method and a detection device, which comprise a back shell, four groups of extraction mechanisms for sampling atmospheric air for detection are arranged in the back shell, a power mechanism for transmission is arranged on the front side of the extraction mechanisms, and a cover shell is detachably arranged on the front side of the back shell. The atmospheric quality detection method and the detection device can drive the extraction mechanisms to extract the gas in the area after the device is moved to the area needing sampling detection. Since four groups of extraction mechanisms are arranged oppositely, the gas in the same area can be simultaneously sampled in four different directions during extraction, then the gas sampled by the extraction mechanisms is transported to an external atmospheric detector for detection by the power mechanism, four groups of data are obtained, the four groups of data are compared, and the intermediate value is obtained, so that the accuracy of the detection data is improved.

The invention relates to a device (1) for controlling the exchange of atmospheric air between two spaces (2,3) separated from each other by a vertical rigid wall (4) of an assembly (10) of rigid walls delimiting at least one, called the first space (3), of the two spaces (2,3), the control device (1) comprising: a rigid frame (5) delimiting an opening (6), a rigid panel (7) dimensioned to extend into the opening (6) and to be able to close this opening (6) in a position, called the closed position (8), relative to the rigid panel (7) with respect to the rigid frame (5), in which the control device (1) is substantially airtight, the rigid panel (7) being mounted freely in a tilting position relative to the rigid frame (5), along a horizontal tilting axis (9),the tilting axis (9) being positioned such that a difference in atmospheric air temperatures on either side of the control device (1) and of an absolute value greater than or equal to a predetermined non-zero threshold value causes the rigid panel (7) to tilt relative to the rigid frame (5) and allows a movement of hot air and a return movement of cold air, due to this tilting, and such that the rigid panel (7) is spontaneously returned to said closed position (8) when said temperature difference is less than said predetermined threshold value. Figure for the abbreviation: Fig. 1,

This utility model discloses a particle counter module, which includes an air inlet, a clean air inlet, and an exhaust outlet. The sampling air path includes a first filter, a sampling pump, and a three-way connector I. The clean air path includes a purge clean air path, a self-cleaning clean air path, and a common clean air path. The purge clean air path and the self-cleaning clean air path are connected in parallel, and the common clean air path is connected to the clean air inlet. When the particle counter module is working, it operates in purge clean mode, the sampling pump is on, and the air supply pump is off. Gas flowing from the exhaust outlet flows through the sampling air path, the purge clean air path, and the common clean air path to the clean air inlet. When the particle counter module stops working, it operates in self-cleaning clean mode, the sampling pump is off, and the air supply pump is on. Atmospheric air flows through the self-cleaning clean air path and the common clean air path to the clean air inlet, and then exits from the air inlet. This invention solves the problems of optical lens protection during operation and self-cleaning of the internal space after operation.

Apparatus and associated methods relate to improving measurement of metrics of air data of an atmosphere outside an aircraft. Such measurements are improved by estimating a daylight portion of light received by an optical receiver configured to receive a reflected portion of the projected beam backscattered by the atmosphere. Estimation of the daylight portion is performed using a daylight filter. The daylight filter receives the light received by the optical receiver after it has been filtered by a vapor cell filter and separates the light, as filtered, into a beam sampling portion and a complementary non-sampling portion. The non-beam sampling portion includes wavelengths immediately adjacent to the beam sampling portion. The non-beam sampling portion is used to estimate the daylight portion within the beam sampling portion, which also contains the reflected portion of the projected beam used for calculating the metrics of air data.

A direct air capture system for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from atmospheric air includes at least one contactor wall, a liquid distribution system, and a regeneration system in fluid communication with the liquid distribution system. The at least one contactor wall includes a plurality of gas-liquid contactors positioned side by side. Each gas-liquid contactor of the plurality of gas-liquid contactors includes a housing, at least one inlet, at least one outlet, at least one packing section disposed between the at least one inlet and the at least one outlet, and a fan. The liquid distribution system includes at least one liquid collection device. The at least one liquid collection device includes a lower liquid collector that includes a floor positioned beneath the packing sections of the plurality of gas-liquid contactors, and a plurality of walls extending upwardly from the floor.

Adsorbent material capable of reversibly binding carbon dioxide, said adsorbent material being particularly utilized for separating gaseous carbon dioxide from a gas mixture, preferably from at least one of ambient atmospheric air (1), off-gases and biogas, preferably for direct air capture, using a temperature swing process, a vacuum swing process, or a temperature / vacuum swing process, wherein the adsorbent material (3) is a particulate copolymer material based on at least one of an amino monoallyl monomer building unit or a precursor thereof and an amino mono vinyl monomer building unit or a precursor thereof, copolymerized with a divinyl building unit, wherein at least one of the amino monoallyl monomer building unit or a precursor thereof and the amino mono vinyl monomer building unit or a precursor thereof is a non-aromatic monomer building unit having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and wherein the molar proportion of the divinyl building unit relative to the sum of the following building units: divinyl building unit; and at least one of the amino monoallyl monomer building unit or a precursor thereof and the amino mono vinyl monomer building unit or a precursor thereof; and, if present, further building units, is in the range of 10% to 20%.

The present invention discloses a system and method for energy extraction and generation of electricity from air pressure difference comprising a Fluid Chamber (1) comprising a column of a fluid, a Vacuum Chamber (3) comprising a vacuum, wherein the Vacuum Chamber (3) is disposed on top of the Fluid Chamber (1) or placed nearby, and an Energy Chamber (2), wherein the Energy Chamber (2) is fully contained inside the Fluid Chamber (1). The present invention also discloses a method for extraction of energy from the air pressure difference between the pressure across a fluid column, as atmospheric air, undergoes expansion from 1 bar to various lower pressure values, thermodynamic work is done, introducing sufficient air in the Energy Chamber (2), which is used to induce a buoyancy force sufficient to overcome the magnetic force holding the Energy Chamber (2) at the bottom of the Fluid Chamber (1).

The application discloses a kind of reducing material cooling device and equipment, the reducing material cooling device includes cooling material inlet, hot material outlet, outer cylinder, inner cylinder and outer spiral cooling structure, inner cylinder is placed in outer cylinder axially, and flow-through space is provided between the cylinder wall of outer cylinder and inner cylinder, outer spiral cooling structure is arranged in flow-through space to form spiral cooling channel, cooling material enters cooling channel from cooling material inlet, and is discharged from hot material outlet.The reducing material cooling device and equipment disclosed by the application set outer spiral cooling structure in spiral cooling channel, cooling material runs spirally when entering spiral cooling channel, increases heat exchange effect, spiral cooling channel makes the cooling material outside inner cylinder and high-temperature material in it indirect heat exchange through inner cylinder, atmospheric air is introduced into spiral cooling channel, which solves the problem of waste water and environmental pollution caused by direct water cooling or indirect water cooling of high-temperature reducing material.

A method for producing carbon dioxide (CO2) includes contacting atmospheric air with a CO2 capture solution including hydroxide to absorb CO2 from the atmospheric air into the CO2 capture solution and form a carbonate-rich solution; heating the carbonate-rich solution to form a heated carbonate-rich solution; slaking calcium oxide with the heated carbonate-rich solution to form a slaker output stream including calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate; flowing the slaker output stream through a plurality of reaction vessels to form a vessel output stream including calcium carbonate solids; separating a calcium carbonate solids product stream from the vessel output stream; and calcining the calcium carbonate solids product stream to form a CO2 product stream.  

The present application relates to two position five way valve field, especially to a kind of three-layer coaxial air passage two position five way valve, including hollow valve core, the outer side of the valve core is provided with a plurality of annular partitions and a plurality of longitudinal partitions spliced into a plurality of intermediate layer air passages;Gas leakage cover, the valve core is equipped with gas leakage cover, the outer side of the gas leakage cover is provided with a plurality of annular ribs and a plurality of longitudinal ribs spliced into a plurality of outer layer air passages;Shell, the gas leakage cover is equipped with shell, the shell is provided with common output, atmospheric air inlet, atmospheric air outlet, inlet passage and outlet passage;Turbine fan, for the gas flowing through is pressurized;Motor, the motor is connected with the end of gas leakage cover, the common output, the atmospheric air inlet and the atmospheric air outlet are communicated with atmosphere, the inlet passage is communicated with the turbine fan inlet, the outlet passage is communicated with the turbine fan output;The volume of valve group is reduced by the motor driving valve core movement to realize the switching of airflow direction.

Techniques for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from atmospheric air include flowing the atmospheric air along a flow path comprising at least one energy transfer module, transferring energy from the at least one energy transfer module to the atmospheric air to form a CO2-rich gas stream in the flow path, flowing the CO2-rich gas stream along a gas-liquid interface in the flow path, flowing a CO2 capture solution along the gas-liquid interface to absorb CO2 from the CO2-rich gas stream into the CO2 capture solution and to form a CO2-lean gas stream, transferring energy from the CO2-lean gas stream to the at least one energy transfer module to form an exhaust CO2-lean gas stream.