11 results about "Vapor pressure" patented technology

A method for performing reproducible, accurate, and virtually temperature-independent quantitative measurements of one or more high-vapor-pressure elements in a liquid metal or alloy sample using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). This method introduces one or more selectively reactive species and a virtually inert carrier gas to modify the local environment at the LIBS sampling point of the liquid metal or alloy and its surroundings. This results in a significant and immediate reduction of vapor effects on the LIBS signals of high-vapor-pressure species in molten metals or alloys, partially eliminating the temperature dependence of these elements and their dependence on spurious environmental factors, thereby reducing the associated uncertainty in LIBS measurements.

The application discloses a tin-lead-antimony vacuum separation content prediction method fusing ANN enhanced mechanism and SVM residual compensation, and belongs to the field of non-ferrous pyrometallurgical technology.The application firstly constructs a ternary mechanism model based on gas-liquid phase equilibrium theory, and utilizes ANN to establish the complex mapping relationship between the component mass fraction, activity coefficient and pure metal vapor pressure in the mechanism model and characteristic variables;secondly, aiming at the prediction residual of the enhanced mechanism model, a data-driven residual compensation model based on SVM is constructed;finally, the Adam optimizer is used to efficiently optimize the ANN model parameters, and the particle swarm optimizer is used to globally optimize the hyperparameters of the SVM model.The application can accurately and reliably predict the tin, lead and antimony contents in the liquid phase after tin-lead-antimony vacuum separation, provides a strong reference for real-time regulation and control of tin-lead-antimony vacuum separation process parameters, and has important significance for improving the production stability and efficiency of the metallurgical separation process.

A two-phase immersion-cooling system (1), adapted for accommodating and cooling at least one heat source (H), includes a container (10), a pressure vessel (21), and a vapor compressor (22), the container includes a liquid-storing area (11) and a vapor area (12), the liquid-phase coolant (81) is configured for in thermal contact with at least one heat source and to be vaporized into gas-phase coolant (82) towards the vapor area and mixed with air (831) and water vapor (832) in the vapor area into a mixed gas (83). The pressure vessel is connected to the vapor area via a gas channel (31), the vapor compressor is disposed on the gas channel and configured to draw the mixed gas in the vapor area so as to decrease pressure of the vapor area and to inject the mixed gas into the pressure vessel so as to increase pressure of the pressure vessel.

Monitoring unit for a temperature control system (2) for a mold (3) and / or a forming machine (4), wherein the monitoring unit (1) includes an input module (5) and a processor (6), and wherein the input module (5) is configured to receive a first input, which represents a thermodynamic quantity, in particular a temperature, and / or a composition of a temperature control medium, and to receive a second input, which represents a pressure of the temperature control medium, wherein the processor (6) is configured to compare the minimum pressure with the vapor pressure and to generate an output signal if the minimum pressure is lower than the vapor pressure and / or lower than the vapor pressure plus a defined offset.

The present application provides a kind of temperature variation cavitation numerical calculation method considering turbulence correction and energy-phase coupling, it is related to cavitation numerical calculation technical field, the present application obtains fluid unit temperature, current pressure, mixed phase density, flow velocity vector, turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent dissipation rate;Static saturated vapor pressure is established by fluid unit temperature, combined with the compensation of the generation of dynamic critical vaporization pressure of turbulence pressure fluctuation characteristics;Based on turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent dissipation rate, establish the reference item of moving turbulent viscosity, perform product substitution operation on it using density attenuation characteristics to generate local effective turbulent viscosity;According to the deviation of current pressure and dynamic critical vaporization pressure, establish phase change driven pressure difference, output phase change mass transfer rate and convert into phase change energy source term;Subsection analysis temperature evolution sensitivity, generate energy damping factor by mixed phase bulk heat capacity reduction process;Combined with flow velocity vector, joint iteration is solved and flow field distribution data is output, so as to improve the precision of temperature variation cavitation numerical calculation.

This invention discloses a cavitation protection system and method for a feedwater pump set, comprising a main thermal system, a bypass system, a micro-flow field actuator, and an intelligent control center. The intelligent control center calculates the deaerator pressure change rate. When the rate is less than the feedforward trigger threshold, it drives a high-frequency servo solenoid valve to open. High-pressure fluid is accelerated through a micro-contraction nozzle to form a fluid micro-jet, flowing along the asymmetric Coanda wall-attached rectifying surface. This injects momentum into the fluid boundary layer of the first-stage impeller suction surface, increasing the local static pressure of the fluid to exceed the saturated vapor pressure. This pressure difference physically compresses the micro-vaporization nuclei, inhibiting the formation of macro-cavitation cavitation bubbles. The control hysteresis loop interval is used to suppress frequent start-stop of the actuator. This invention achieves the destruction of the physical critical condition for the volume expansion of vaporization nuclei, utilizes a positive suppression pressure difference to compress the volume of micro-vaporization nuclei, thereby blocking the formation of macro-cavitation cavitation bubbles and maintaining continuous liquid phase flow in the impeller, thus providing cavitation protection.

Various aspects of this disclosure relate to a composition, comprising a gas phase and a condensed phase, wherein the gas phase comprises a molecule; the condensed phase comprises the molecule; the gas phase has a temperature and a pressure; the molecule has a boiling point at the pressure of the gas phase; the boiling point of the molecule is less than the temperature of the gas phase; the molecule has a vapor pressure at the temperature of the gas phase; the vapor pressure of the molecule is less than the pressure of the gas phase; the condensed phase consists of one or both of a solid phase and a liquid phase; the condensed phase is suspended in the gas phase; and the condensed phase has a surface-area-to-volume ratio of at least 500 per meter.

This invention relates to the field of DCMD module desalination performance testing, specifically a method for analyzing the desalination performance of a seawater desalination system based on engine waste heat recovery. This invention constructs a closed-loop thermal-mass-phase change model driven by engine waste heat and centered on the membrane interface for steady-state analysis of the seawater desalination process; it also comprehensively considers the coupling relationships between multiple parameters. These parameters collectively affect vapor pressure and heat transfer processes, thereby enabling the testing and analysis of the desalination performance of the seawater desalination system. By introducing the Knudsen number of the permeate membrane as a criterion, the microscopic mechanism of water vapor diffusion during membrane distillation is correlated with macroscopic performance testing. Based on the identification of diffusion types, the corresponding physical model is selected to calculate the mass transfer coefficient, improving the accuracy of mass flux and subsequent desalination rate calculations. This allows for real-time testing of the desalination performance of the DCMD module in the seawater desalination system with high accuracy.

A method for filling tank 20 includes the steps of filling tank 20 with a predetermined amount of liquid refrigerant under pressure and supplying an inert gas to tank 20, wherein after the filling and supplying steps, the total pressure of the contents in tank 20 at ambient temperature is at least 95% of the equilibrium vapor pressure of liquid R-134a at ambient temperature. The total pressure of the contents in tank 20 can be in the range of 517.1 kPa to 792.9 kPa at a temperature of 21.1°C. The inert gas can be nitrogen, and the liquid refrigerant can be R-1234ze(E). The disclosed method can enable the use of a low environmental impact refrigerant as a substitute for an environmental impact refrigerant in relation to devices such as laser skin treatment devices 10 that were originally designed to use an environmental impact refrigerant.