This invention discloses a rapid
water transport superspreading hydrogel material and its preparation method. The method includes loading a surfactant onto porous or hollow micro / nanoparticles using negative pressure rotary
evaporation technology; in-situ growing and modifying a
hydrophobic silica nanoparticle shell on the surface of the porous or hollow particles to form
photothermal conversion superhydrophilic core-shell particles; subsequently, mixing the
photothermal conversion superhydrophilic core-shell particles, hydrogel monomers, initiators, crosslinking agents, and co-crosslinking agents in a certain proportion under low-temperature conditions; and obtaining a rapid
water transport superspreading hydrogel precursor after uniform dispersion; finally, obtaining the rapid
water transport superspreading hydrogel material through directional freezing or chemical crosslinking. This invention, by
doping the hydrogel with
photothermal conversion superhydrophilic core-shell particles, on the one hand, endows the hydrogel with superspreading properties, significantly improving the
water contact angle and spreading speed, enabling rapid
seawater transport in solar-driven interfacial
evaporation; on the other hand, the combination of porous or hollow micro /
nanoparticle loading and the encapsulation effect of the
hydrophobic silica shell significantly slows down surfactant loss, thereby extending the service life of the superspreading hydrogel.