The invention belongs to the technical field of rail safety real-time monitoring, and particularly relates to a rail safety real-time
monitoring system based on rail excitation and
big data analysis. The rail safety real-time
monitoring system comprises sensor monitoring nodes, a
wireless sensor network and a cloud intelligent
processing center. The sensor monitoring node is used for recording rail vibration data when a vibration monitoring device is arranged on a rail and an
extrusion excitation effect between wheels and the rail is monitored; the
wireless sensor network constructs a
wireless sensor network based on a
narrowband Internet of Things node and a plurality of sensor monitoring nodes, then forms a rail monitoring network, and uploads all rail vibration data to the cloud intelligent
processing center; and the cloud intelligent
processing center analyzes the rail vibration data based on a
big data analysis
algorithm, and determines a rail coping strategy according to an analysis result. The rail
monitoring system which is low in cost, high in efficiency, capable of responding in real time, free of line occupation and easy to maintain is developed, and the safety and efficiency of railway operation are improved.