924 results about "Surface electrode" patented technology

A system for treating a target region in tissue beneath a tissue surface comprises a probe for deploying an electrode array within the tissue and a surface electrode for engaging the tissue surface above the treatment site. Preferably, surface electrode includes a plurality of tissue-penetrating elements which advance into the tissue, and the surface electrode is removably attachable to the probe. The tissue may be treated in a monopolar fashion where the electrode array and surface electrode are attached to a common pole on an electrode surgical power supply and powered simultaneously or successively, or in a bipolar fashion where the electrode array and surface electrode are attached to opposite poles of the power supply. The systems are particularly useful for treating tumors and other tissue treatment regions which lie near the surface.

A surface electrode for ablating tissue is provided. The surface electrode comprises a base, a plurality of tissue penetrating needle electrodes extending from the surface of the base an adjustable distance, and an electrical interface coupled to the plurality of needle electrodes. The adjustability of the needle electrodes allows the depth that the needle electrodes penetrate through tissue to be adjusted.

Disclosed is a system and method of assessing the efficacy of treatment of neurological or psychological disorders. The preferred embodiment uses at least two surface electrodes to acquire EEG signals from the surface of a patient's body, a processor for computing from the EEG signals various features and indices that are representative of the patient's neurological or psychological state. Changes in these parameters may be used to assess the efficacy of treatment and to modify the treatment to optimize the resultant patient state.

A method for calibrating impedance includes coupling at least first, second, and third electrodes at respective locations to a surface of a body of a subject. A first current passing through the body between the first and second body-surface electrodes is measured, and a second current passing through the body between the first and third body-surface electrodes is measured. From the first and second currents, a contact factor is derived that is indicative of the impedance between at least one of the body-surface electrodes and the surface of the body. Also described are methods for sensing the position of a probe and for detecting tissue contact based on a relation between currents from the probe to body-surface electrodes.

A disposable electrochemical sensor strip is provided. The sensor strip includes an isolating sheet having at least a through hole, at least a conductive raw material mounted in the through hole, a metal film covered on the conductive raw material to form an electrode which comprises an electrode working surface for processing an electrode action, and an electrode connecting surface, at least a printed conductive film mounted on the isolating sheet and having a connecting terminal for being electrically connected to the electrode connecting surface, and a signal output terminal for outputting a measured signal produced by the electrode action.

A microcrystalline germanium image sensor array. The array includes a number of pixel circuits fabricated in or on a substrate. Each pixel circuit comprises a charge collecting electrode for collecting electrical charges and a readout means for reading out the charges collected by the charge collecting electrode. A photodiode layer of charge generating material located above the pixel circuits convert electromagnetic radiation into electrical charges. This photodiode layer includes microcrystalline germanium and defines at least an n-layer, and i-layer and a p-layer. The sensor array also includes and a surface electrode in the form of a grid or thin transparent layer located above the layer of charge generating material. The sensor is especially useful for imaging in visible and near infrared spectral regions of the electromagnetic spectrum and provides imaging with starlight illumination.

A radio-frequency heating balloon catheter is capable of cauterizing a target lesion in an atrial vestibule. The radio-frequency heating balloon catheter has a catheter tube including an outer tube and an inner tube slidably extended through the outer tube. An inflatable balloon is connected to an extremity of the outer tube and a part near an extremity of the inner tube, and is capable of coming into contact with a target lesion when inflated. A radio-frequency electrode serves as a counter to a surface electrode attached to a surface of a subject's body and is placed in a wall of the balloon or inside the balloon to supply radio-frequency power between the surface electrode and the radio-frequency electrode. A temperature sensor senses temperature inside the balloon, a guide shaft projects from the extremity of the inner tube and is capable of holding the balloon on the target lesion, and a guide wire extends through the catheter tube and the guide shaft.

The present invention addresses the foregoing problems associated with the prior art by providing a novel method and apparatus for, non-invasively detecting large nerve action potentials (NAPs) while effectively minimizing or substantially eliminating stimulus artifacts, even where the stimulation site and the detection site are in close physical proximity to one another, e.g., within about 2 cm of one another.

An body implantable stimulation lead is provided including tip electrode patterns and configurations producing low noise, clean sensed signals devoid of far field components, such sensed signals being generated irrespective of the direction of the incident depolarization wavefront. The invention also provides high pacing impedances and advantageous anode-to-cathode surface area ratios. Further, implantable leads utilizing the features of the present invention are particularly suitable for left side stimulation therapies.

The invention provides an implant, system and method for electrically stimulating a target tissue to either activate or block neural impulses. The implant provides a conductive pathway for a portion of electrical current flowing between surface electrodes positioned on the skin and transmits that current to the target tissue. The implant has a passive electrical conductor of sufficient length to extend from subcutaneous tissue located below a surface cathodic electrode to the target tissue. The conductor has a pick-up end which forms an electrical termination having a sufficient surface area to allow a sufficient portion of the electrical current to flow through the conductor, in preference to flowing through body tissue between the surface electrodes, such that the target tissue is stimulated to either activate or block neural impulses. The conductor also has a stimulating end which forms an electrical termination for delivering the current to the target body tissue.

In a semiconductor chip having electrodes formed on the top surface, and electrodes or an insulation layer formed on the back surface, the top-surface electrodes are loop-connected with the back-surface electrodes by wire bonding, or, the top-surface electrodes are connected with the back-surface electrodes or an insulation layer by conductive clip, or by deposited conductive materials. The semiconductor chips thus produced are stacked, and wires, conductive clips, or conductive materials are connected and fixed to each other to produce a stacked semiconductor device in which semiconductor chips of the same size are densely packaged. Thus, a semiconductor device is provided which enables high-density packaging of semiconductor chips even of the same size.

Electrode pattern disposed on a conductive surface is disclosed. The electrode pattern includes a plurality of conductive segments. The conductive segments are located along the edges of two or more concentric parallel polygons. Each edge of each polygon has one or more middle segments disposed between two end segments. For each edge of each polygon the middle segments are equal in length, and the segments are equally spaced. A touch sensor is disclosed that includes such an electrode pattern.

A connection method for materializing a high-performance semiconductor system which is small-sized and high dense, is capable to three-dimensionally connecting a plurality of different kinds of semiconductor chips through piercing electrodes with shortest wiring lengths. The connection method enables high-speed operation with low noise, so as to obtain reliable and excellent connection in a short TAT at low costs. In a three-dimensional chip lamination composed of different kinds of semiconductor chips laminated one upon another with an interpose chip being interposed therebetween for connecting the upper and lower semiconductor chips, the semiconductor chips and the interposer chips are polished by grinding or the like at their rear surfaces so as to have thin thickness, holes are formed at rear surface positions corresponding to external electrode parts on the device side (front surface side) so that the holes extend to front surface electrodes, by dry etching or the like, and metal plating films are applied to the side walls of the holes and rear surface side, metal bumps of another semiconductor chip laminated at an upper stage being press-fitted into the holes applied with the metal plating films through deformation and being geometrically calked in the through holes formed in the semiconductor chip so as to electrically connected thereto.

A medical method is provided, including a medical device having a distal assembly including at least one electrode and at least one treatment element, the medical device generating information regarding at least one of a physiological measurement and an operational parameter of the medical device; a plurality of surface electrodes affixable to a skin of the patient, wherein the surface electrodes are in electrical communication with the distal assembly to obtain position information of the medical device; and a processor pairing the position information and the at least one of a physiological measurement and an operational parameter of the medical device.

A layered chip package includes a main body. The main body includes a main part, and further includes first terminals and second terminals disposed on the top and bottom surfaces of the main part, respectively. The main part includes first and second layer portions, and through electrodes penetrating them. The through electrodes are electrically connected to the first and second terminals. Each of the layer portions includes a semiconductor chip having a first surface and a second surface opposite thereto, and further includes surface electrodes. The surface electrodes are disposed on a side of the semiconductor chip opposite to the second surface. The first and second layer portions are bonded to each other such that the respective second surfaces face each other. The first terminals are formed by using the surface electrodes of the first layer portion. The second terminals are formed by using the surface electrodes of the second layer portion.

A back-illuminated type solid-state imaging device is provided in which an electric field to collect a signal charge (an electron, a hole and the like, for example) is reliably generated to reduce a crosstalk.

The back-illuminated type solid-state imaging device includes a structure 34 having a semiconductor film 33 on a semiconductor substrate 31 through an insulation film 32, in which a photoelectric conversion element PD that constitutes a pixel is formed in the semiconductor substrate 31, at least part of transistors 15, 16, and 19 that constitute the pixel is formed in the semiconductor film 33, and a rear surface electrode 51 to which a voltage is applied is formed on the rear surface side of the semiconductor substrate 31.

A thin, planar semiconductor device having electrodes on both surfaces is disclosed. This semiconductor device is provided with an IC chip and a wiring layer having one side that is electrically connected to surface electrodes of the IC chip. On this surface of the wiring layer, conductive posts are provided on wiring of the wiring layer, and an insulating resin covers all portions not occupied by the IC chip and conductive posts. The end surfaces of the conductive posts are exposed from the insulating resin and are used as first planar electrodes. In addition, a resist layer is formed on the opposite surface of the wiring layer. Exposed portions are formed in the resist layer to expose desired wiring portions of the wiring layer. These exposed portions are used as second planar electrodes. Stacking semiconductor devices of this construction enables an improvement in the integration of semiconductor integrated circuits.

An electrode for laryngeal electromyography that is attachable to an insert device, endotracheal tune or other similar device that is also size adjustable by cutting to size. The attachable and size adjustable surface electrode of this invention consists of a flexible plate having an anterior and a posterior surface specifically for inserting in the human laryngopharynx adjacent to the cricothyroideus muscles (the vocal cords). An electrical conductive plate is mounted on the anterior surface to provide an electric contact with the cricothyroideus muscles. An insulated wire extends from the electrical conductive plate for monitoring or delivering electrical pulses to the cricothyroideus muscles. There are marked graduations parallel to a center line on the electrical conductive plate for cutting and sizing the flexible plate and electrical conductive plate to the size of the patient's laryngopharynx. There is an adhesive material on the posterior surface of the flexible plate for attachment of the attachable and size adjustable surface electrode for laryngeal electromyography to an endotracheal tube, insert device, postcricoid paddle or other such device.

An electrical stimulation orthosis and method therefor, the orthosis including: (a) an at least semi-rigid frame configured to substantially envelop a limb segment, the frame having at least one first complementary mechanical fastener associated therewith; (b) a surface electrical stimulation electrode assembly associated with, and supported by, the frame, the assembly having a surface stimulation electrode for contacting at least one stimulation point on the limb segment, the surface electrode assembly having an electrode base for electrically associating, via the frame, with a stimulator unit for providing a stimulation signal to the surface electrode, the electrode base having a top face for receiving the stimulation electrode, and a bottom face having at least one second complementary mechanical fastener, the first and second fasteners adapted for reversible attachment and detachment, at a plurality of locations on the frame, thereby enabling the electrical stimulation electrode assembly to be adjustably and reversibly positioned on the frame.

A system for treating a target region in tissue beneath a tissue surface comprises a probe for deploying an electrode array within the tissue and a surface electrode for engaging the tissue surface above the treatment site. Preferably, surface electrode includes a plurality of tissue-penetrating elements which advance into the tissue, and the surface electrode is removably attachable to the probe. The tissue may be treated in a monopolar fashion where the electrode array and surface electrode are attached to a common pole on an electrode surgical power supply and powered simultaneously or successively, or in a bipolar fashion where the electrode array and surface electrode are attached to opposite poles of the power supply. The systems are particularly useful for treating tumors and other tissue treatment regions which lie near the surface.

A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device including a semiconductor substrate composed of silicon carbide, an upper surface electrode which contacts an upper surface of the substrate, and a lower surface electrode which contacts a lower surface of the substrate, the method including steps of: (a) forming an upper surface structure on the upper surface side of the substrate, and (b) forming a lower surface structure on the lower surface side of the substrate. The step (a) comprises steps of: (a1) depositing an upper surface electrode material layer on the upper surface of the substrate, the upper surface electrode material layer being a raw material layer of the upper surface electrode, and (a2) annealing the upper surface electrode material layer. The step (b) comprises steps of: (b1) depositing a lower surface electrode material layer on the lower surface of the substrate, the lower surface electrode material layer being a raw material layer of the lower surface electrode, and (b2) annealing the lower surface electrode material layer with a laser to make an ohmic contact between the lower surface electrode and the substrate.

In a rear surface incidence type CMOS image sensor having a wiring layer 720 on a first surface (front surface) of an epitaxial substrate 710 in which a photodiode, a reading circuit (an n-type region 750 and an n+ type region 760) and the like are disposed, and a light receiving plane in a second surface (rear surface), the photodiode and a P-type well region 740 on the periphery of the photodiode are disposed in a layer structure that does not reach the rear surface (light receiving surface) of the substrate, and an electric field is formed within the substrate 710 to properly lead electrons entering from the rear surface (light receiving surface) of the substrate to the photodiode. The electric field is realized by providing a concentration gradient in a direction of depth of the epitaxial substrate 710. Alternatively, the electric field can be realized by providing a rear-surface electrode 810 or 840 for sending a current.

A programmer for implantable stimulation devices and surface ECG system in wireless communication with each other. A self-powered ECG monitor with conventional surface electrodes transceives signals from and to a programmer provided with a radio frequency transceiver to eliminate hardwiring between the surface electrodes and the programmer. The system reduces the need for supply line frequency filtering and isolation circuitry to protect against high voltage defibrillation shocks.

An ear plug (200) comprises a shell (206) with at least two electrodes (201-205) adapted for measuring brain wave signals, said electrodes (201-205) being connected with means for processing the measured signals, wherein the contours of the outer surface of the ear plug (200) and the electrodes (201-205) are individually matched to at least part of the ear canal and the concha of the user. The invention further provides a method for producing an ear plug.

A display device provided with a touch panel for detecting a contact position on a touch surface of the panel at which a contact object is brought into contact with the touch surface, the touch panel including an in-panel-surface electrode with a plurality of openings formed in a display area.

The invention discloses a fabrication method of a double-side PERC crystalline silicon solar cell. The fabrication method comprises the following steps of (1) removing damage of a silicon wafer, and performing texturing and cleaning; (2) performing diffusion to form a pn junction and performing front-surface laser doping; (3) etching and removing PSG; (4) plating a back-surface passivation thin film; (5) plating a front-surface anti-reflection film; (6) printing boron source paste on a back surface; (7) performing back-surface laser doping and windowing; (8) performing back-surface electrode printing; and (9) performing front-surface electrode printing. A laser doping technology is applied to a process of a selective emitter formed on a front surface and local boron doping on the back surface, only two processes of laser doping and boron source paste printing are added on the basis of a conventional PERC battery process, and the conversion efficiency of the double-side PERC cell is greatly improved; moreover, with the adoption of a secondary printing alignment laser printing MARK point mode, the back-surface metallization of the double-side PERC cell is achieved; and by the method,the problem of difficulty in alignment of a back-surface aluminum grid line to a laser windowing grid line of the silk-screen printed double-sided PERC cell is completely solved.

There is provided a method of fabricating a thin-film solar cell including the steps of: irradiating a first laser light from a side of the substrate to remove the semiconductor and back surface electrode layers; and irradiating a second laser light from the side of the substrate to remove the transparent electrode, semiconductor and back surface electrode layers at a region outer than the region irradiated with the first laser light. There is provided a thin-film solar cell including a transparent electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion semiconductor layer and a back surface electrode layer deposited on a transparent insulator substrate in this order, wherein the solar cell has a perimeter with the transparent electrode layer protruding outer than the semiconductor and back surface electrode layers.

A light emitting device module is provided. The light emitting device module includes a plurality of light emitting devices; a submount on which the light emitting devices are mounted; and a heat-radiant substrate to which the submount is fixed. The submount includes a positive front surface electrode; a negative front surface electrode; at least one relay front surface electrode, wherein the plurality of light emitting devices are electrically coupled to each other in series via the at least one relay front surface electrode; a plurality of through electrodes; a positive back surface electrode coupled to the positive front surface electrode via a through electrode; a negative back surface electrode coupled to the negative front surface electrode via a through electrode; and at least one relay back surface electrode which is coupled to the at least one relay front surface electrode via a through electrode. The heat-radiant substrate includes a positive circuit electrode bonded to the positive back surface electrode; a negative circuit electrode bonded to the negative back surface electrode; and at least one relay circuit electrode bonded to the at least one relay back surface electrode and being floated electrically.

On a surface of a GaAs substrate, layers to be a top cell are formed by epitaxial growth. On the top cell, layers to be a bottom cell are formed. Thereafter, on a surface of the bottom cell, a back surface electrode is formed. Thereafter, a glass plate is adhered to the back surface electrode by wax. Then, the GaAs substrate supported by the glass plate is dipped in an alkali solution, whereby the GaAs substrate is removed. Thereafter, a surface electrode is formed on the top cell. Finally the glass plate is separated from the back surface electrode. In this manner, a compound solar battery that improves efficiency of conversion to electric energy can be obtained.

After forming a ring-shaped trench penetrating through a semiconductor substrate from a rear surface side thereof and forming an insulating film inside the trench and on the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate, a through hole is formed in the insulating film and semiconductor substrate on an inner side of the ring-shaped trench from the rear surface side, thereby exposing a surface protection insulating film formed on a front surface of the semiconductor substrate at a bottom of the through hole. After removing the surface protection insulating film at the bottom of the through hole to form an opening to expose an element surface electrode, a contact electrode connected to the element surface electrode is formed on inner walls of the through hole and opening, and a pad electrode made of the same layer as the contact electrode is formed on the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate.