151 results about "Gas diffusion electrode" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of air electrode preparation, in particular to a metal-loaded super-hydrophobic air electrode, a preparation method and chlorine production application, the air electrode comprises a high-hydrophobicity gas diffusion layer obtained through polytetrafluoroethylene modification, and the metal-loaded super-hydrophobic air electrode is prepared through a corona etching and electrochemical in-situ deposition technology. A uniform and highly-dispersed metal catalyst layer directly grows on the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene substrate, so that the gas diffusion electrode with excellent mass transfer performance and an efficient catalytic function is obtained; the prepared electrode is used for carrying out electrochemical catalysis on a water body containing chloride ions by adopting a cyclic voltammetry method, and active chlorine can be efficiently generated in situ; the prepared metal-loaded super-hydrophobic air electrode has the advantages of being low in oxygen mass transfer resistance, high in catalyst utilization rate, free of generation of by-products, capable of efficiently generating active chlorine and the like, and has wide application potential in actual water environment disinfection.

The present application relates to a kind of full solid-state lithium ion membrane reactor with symmetrical structure and its application, the reactor is in situ construction on the both sides of solid-state lithium ion conductor film with Pt and / or Ni as catalyst, with single-walled carbon nanotube etc. Conductive material is used as current collector gas diffusion electrode, the reactor can work in nitrogen hydrogen mixture atmosphere, integration is high, scale is flexible.The present application changes the working mode of traditional reactor using liquid electrolyte, replaces inefficient nitrogen and proton mass transfer with efficient lithium ion mass transfer, couples lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction and hydrogen oxidation reaction to synthesize ammonia, and the maximum working current density is increased to 1000mA / cm 2 , and can work at 40mA / cm 2 Current density for a long time, with innovation and broad industrial application prospect.

The invention discloses a hydrophobic gas diffusion electrode loaded with silver nanoparticles and application of the hydrophobic gas diffusion electrode in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction, and belongs to the technical field of electrocatalysis. The hydrophobic gas diffusion electrode comprises a gas diffusion layer and a catalyst layer sprayed on the gas diffusion layer; the catalyst layer comprises a silver nanoparticle catalytic material, a first ionomer and a second ionomer; wherein the first ionomer is a fluororesin ionomer, and the second ionomer is a quaternized polysulfone ionomer. A system for preparing CO by reducing CO2 through electro-catalysis is constructed, the system comprises an MEA electrolytic cell, a cathode, an anode and an anion exchange membrane, and the cathode adopts the hydrophobic gas diffusion electrode loaded with the silver nanoparticles. The preparation method is mild in preparation condition and environmentally friendly, the modified hydrophobic gas diffusion electrode has high hydrophobicity, efficient conversion of CO2 can be achieved under the high current density, FECO can reach 96.5% under the high current density, and excellent catalytic performance is shown.

This utility model discloses a device for preparing a gas diffusion electrode, comprising: a bottom support plate and a diffusion electrode carrier limiting groove, wherein the diffusion electrode carrier limiting groove is disposed on the upper end of the bottom support plate; and a roller baffle disposed on the outer side of the upper end of the bottom support plate. This device for preparing a gas diffusion electrode uses a handle to move the front and rear slurry coating rollers on the roller movement track groove, making the coating process more controllable. Different specifications of the structure can be selected according to usage needs, facilitating large-scale use. By pulling the movement of the front and rear slurry coating rollers and connecting the pump connecting hose to the slurry output connector, controllable and uniform preparation of the electrode catalyst is achieved, providing a simple and effective method and equipment for large-scale mass production.

According to the membrane-free electrochemical energy storage device, in the thickness direction of a partition plate, a first energy storage device and a second energy storage device are arranged on the two sides of the partition plate correspondingly and connected with the partition plate; the first energy storage device comprises a first end plate, a first sealing gasket, a first current collector, a first gas diffusion electrode, a first porous membrane, a first auxiliary electrode, a second porous membrane, a first porous electrode, a second current collector and a second sealing gasket; the second energy storage device comprises a second end plate, a third sealing gasket, a third current collector, a second gas diffusion electrode, a third porous membrane, a second auxiliary electrode, a fourth porous membrane, a second porous electrode, a fourth current collector and a fourth sealing gasket; the metal strip is connected between the first auxiliary electrode and the second auxiliary electrode. Therefore, the membrane-free electrochemical energy storage device provided by the invention can perform short-term energy storage and can also perform long-term energy storage, and the energy storage effect and the energy storage cost can be both considered.

Systems and methods of the various embodiments may provide bifacial sealed gas diffusion electrode (GDE) assemblies. In some embodiments, a bifacial sealed gas diffusion electrode (GDE) assembly includes active electrode layers on two opposing sides of the assembly. Various embodiments may provide architecture and / or sealing methods for GDE assemblies. In various embodiments, the GDE assemblies may be for use in devices. In various embodiments, the devices may be primary or secondary batteries. In various embodiments, these devices may be useful for energy storage. For example, bifacial sealed GDE assemblies of the various embodiments may form cathode electrodes (sometimes called air electrodes) of a battery, such as a metal-air battery.

This invention discloses a platinum-based catalyst for the hydrogenation reaction, its preparation method, and an electrode. The catalyst uses orthorhombic niobium pentoxide (T-Nb₂O₅) as a support to support the active component platinum. The support is resistant to strong acids and electrochemical corrosion at potentials above 1.0 V (vs RHE). The catalyst exhibits a hydrogenation reaction current density of not less than 200 mA·cm⁻¹ at 0.45 V (vs RHE). ‑2 In preparation, ammonium niobate oxalate hydrate was used as the niobium source, and the mixture was gelled via a sol-gel method. The gel was then heat-treated at 600-700℃ to obtain an orthorhombic niobium pentoxide support. The pH was adjusted to less than 3, and platinum was reduced with sodium borohydride to prepare the catalyst. This catalyst was then used to fabricate a hydrogen depolarization anolyte gas diffusion electrode with a platinum loading of 0.5-1.0 mg·cm³. ‑2 It can operate continuously and stably for no less than 120 hours with a cell voltage in the range of 1.25-1.45V. The catalyst of this invention has high activity and excellent stability, and can be used as a hydrogen depolarization anode in hydrometallurgy, significantly reducing electrolysis energy consumption and making it suitable for industrial applications.

The application discloses a kind of silicon dioxide carbon tube membrane electrode and its construction method and application.The construction process of the membrane electrode is as follows: carbon-based metal catalyst or the mixture of carbon-based metal catalyst and silicon dioxide carbon tube is dispersed in water, then organic solvent and binder solution are added in turn, to obtain catalyst ink;The catalyst ink is sprayed on carbon paper, and heat treatment is carried out in a protective atmosphere to obtain a gas diffusion electrode.If the aforementioned does not add silicon dioxide carbon tube, silicon dioxide carbon tube-organic solvent solution needs to be sprayed on the surface of the catalyst layer.The electrode is modified by silicon dioxide carbon tube, which on the one hand constructs a long-range ordered proton transport channel of membrane-catalyst-silicon dioxide carbon tube, and on the other hand adjusts the PA distribution in the membrane electrode assembly, suppresses PA loss, and improves the overall performance of the electrode.When applied to proton exchange membrane fuel cells, it can effectively solve the problems of poor stability, low activity and catalyst deactivation under high temperature conditions.

Single channel liquid membrane cell assemblies and cell bodies are disclosed. In some embodiments, the single channel liquid membrane cell assembly includes an elongate cell body having an elongate opening, a first bipolar plate adjacent the cell body, and a first gas diffusion electrode disposed between the cell body and the first bipolar plate. The first gas diffusion electrode spans across the entire length and width of the elongate opening of the cell body. The single channel liquid membrane cell assembly additionally includes a second bipolar plate adjacent the cell body such that the cell body is disposed between the first and second bipolar plates. The elongate opening horizontally defines an open area and the first gas diffusion electrode and the second bipolar plate vertically define the open area therebetween.

The application discloses a needle coke-based gas diffusion cathode and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: step one, taking high-conductivity needle coke powder, and performing alkali modification treatment on the needle coke powder to obtain modified needle coke; performing iron salt impregnation calcination treatment on the alkali modified needle coke to obtain iron-loaded needle coke; step two, mixing the modified needle coke and the iron-loaded needle coke with anhydrous ethanol and polytetrafluoroethylene respectively, and pressing the mixture into a gas diffusion layer and an iron-loaded needle coke catalytic layer, and then pressing the gas diffusion layer and the iron-loaded needle coke catalytic layer on both sides of a titanium mesh by using a hydraulic press to obtain a needle coke-based gas diffusion electro-Fenton cathode precursor; and step three, calcining the electrode precursor in a muffle furnace to improve the stability of the electrode precursor, and obtaining a needle coke-based gas diffusion electro-Fenton cathode. The gas diffusion electrode prepared by combining the high-conductivity and stable needle coke and PTFE can form a three-phase system on the surface of the electrode, so that the oxygen can be better contacted with the surface of the electrode, the generation efficiency of H2O2 is improved, and then the treatment effect of the electro-Fenton system on the organic matter is improved.

The invention discloses a copper cyanoaurate hexagonal sheet loaded cuprous oxide material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The copper cyanoaurate hexagonal sheet loaded cuprous oxide material comprises a copper cyanoaurate hexagonal sheet and cuprous oxide loaded on the copper cyanoaurate hexagonal sheet. According to the preparation method, copper ammonium chloride and potassium cyanoaurate are taken as raw materials, a copper cyanoaurate hexagonal sheet is prepared by a hydrothermal method, and then cuprous oxide is loaded on the copper cyanoaurate hexagonal sheet, so that the copper cyanoaurate hexagonal sheet loaded cuprous oxide material is obtained. The invention provides application of the copper cyanoaurate hexagonal sheet loaded cuprous oxide material as a catalyst for electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide, and provides a gas diffusion electrode, and the catalyst in the gas diffusion electrode is the copper cyanoaurate hexagonal sheet loaded cuprous oxide material. The preparation process is simple and environment-friendly; the prepared material has higher ethylene selectivity and stability in the reaction of electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide.

The invention provides a gas diffusion electrode device for electrochemical lithium-mediated ammonia synthesis and an electrochemical ammonia synthesis method, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical ammonia synthesis. The gas diffusion electrode device comprises a nitrogen runner, a sealing gasket, a working electrode, a catholyte chamber, a diaphragm, an anolyte chamber, an anode catalyst, a hydrogen runner and an electrolyte, the electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, an organic solvent, a proton shuttling agent and an interface additive. According to the invention, high nitrogen transmission is realized by adopting a circulating type gas diffusion electrode device, and a three-phase interface chemical environment of gas, electrolyte and the gas diffusion electrode is regulated and controlled by an interface additive, so that the ammonia production rate and the Faraday efficiency are remarkably improved, and continuous and efficient nitrogen reduction reaction is realized at normal temperature and normal pressure.

Provided is an electrode catalyst having excellent catalyst activity, which contributes to the low cost of a PEFC. The electrode catalyst includes a hollow carbon carrier having nanopores with a pore diameter of 1 to 20 nm, and a plurality of catalyst particles supported on the carrier. The catalyst particles contain Pt (0 valence), are supported inside and outside the nanopores of the carrier, and in a case where analysis of the particle size distribution of the catalyst particles is performed using a three-dimensional reconstruction image obtained by electron tomography using STEM, the proportion of the catalyst particles supported inside the nanopores is 50% or more, and at least one nanopore having the shape of a continuous communication hole is formed in a cubic image having one side of 20 to 50 nm obtained from the three-dimensional reconstruction image of the catalyst block.

The application relates to a preparation method and application of a citron-shaped CuO / Cu-MOF electrocatalyst. The application aims to solve the problem of the existing C2H4 selectivity limitation of CuO. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing a precursor solution; 2, hydrothermal reaction; 3, calcination; and 4, in-situ conversion. Application: the citron-shaped CuO / Cu-MOF electrocatalyst is used as a raw material to prepare a gas diffusion electrode, and is used for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. The application is used for the preparation and application of the citron-shaped CuO / Cu-MOF electrocatalyst.

The disclosure relates to a catalyst suitable for electrochemical reduction reactions of one or more carbon oxides, comprising a nitride-doped multi-metallic material comprising a primary metal being copper and one or more secondary metals selected from silver, gold, platinum, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, osmium, and any mixture thereof, wherein the nitride-doped multi-metallic material comprises, as determined by XRD, copper, copper nitride and copper-Me alloy wherein Me is one of the secondary metals and to a gas diffusion electrode suitable for electrolysis of one or more carbon oxides comprising such a catalyst.

Provided are an ammonium nitrate manufacturing apparatus, which is an apparatus for manufacturing ammonium nitrate from a diluted nitrogen oxide, including: a cathode; an anode which is arranged to be opposite to and spaced apart from the cathode; and an electrolyte placed between the anode and cathode, wherein the cathode and the anode are independently of each other gas diffusion electrodes including: a porous substrate; metal organic frameworks (MOFs) dispersed in the porous substrate; and a metal catalyst placed on one surface of the porous substrate, and a method for manufacturing ammonium nitrate using the same.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell membrane electrode based on zeolite doping regulation, which comprises the following steps: activating zeolite through high-temperature roasting and phosphoric acid treatment, mixing the activated zeolite with a catalyst, a binder and the like to prepare catalyst slurry, and spraying the slurry on a gas diffusion electrode by using an ultrasonic spraying technology; and after heat treatment, assembling the electrode, the high-temperature proton exchange membrane and the polyimide film in sequence, and carrying out hot press molding to finally obtain the optimized membrane electrode of the high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The invention provides the membrane electrode assembly with high activity and excellent durability, the introduction of zeolite significantly improves the activity, and in a durability test as long as 500 h, after 8 times of start-stop cycles, the battery voltage is almost not attenuated, and good stability is shown.

The present invention relates to a gas diffusion electrode, a use thereof, and a method for manufacturing the electrode.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrolysis electrodes, in particular to a gas diffusion layer and a preparation method and application thereof. The gas diffusion layer comprises a latticed current collector and a porous gas-permeable layer embedded in the latticed current collector, and the porous gas-permeable layer is composed of a hydrophobic polymer. According to the gas diffusion layer, a latticed current collector is adopted as a conductive framework, a three-dimensional continuous electron transmission channel is formed, the electron conduction efficiency is improved, and meanwhile energy consumption and heating caused by ohmic impedance are reduced; meanwhile, the hydrophobic polymer porous layer is embedded into grid pores of the current collector, a reinforcing steel bar-concrete type composite structure with a porous structure is constructed, and the porous structure can serve as a gas channel and is beneficial to gas diffusion; moreover, based on the hydrophobic effect of the hydrophobic polymer, the liquid gathered in the catalyst layer can be quickly led out, and the problem of water flooding of the gas diffusion electrode can be effectively avoided under the condition that the reaction system has more liquid.

The invention discloses a blue-green algae carbon quantum dot modified gas diffusion electrode as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing nitrogen auto-doped cyanobacteria carbon quantum dots (BGA-CQDs) as an electrode modification material by taking nitrogen-rich cyanobacteria as a precursor through a hydrothermal method, and further mixing the cyanobacteria carbon quantum dots with carbon black, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare uniform catalyst slurry; the blue-green algae carbon quantum dot modified gas diffusion electrode (CQDs-GDE) is prepared by coating a pretreated carbon felt base material with the blue-green algae carbon quantum dot modified gas diffusion electrode (CQDs-GDE), and after the blue-green algae carbon quantum dot modified gas diffusion electrode (CQDs-GDE) is applied to an electro-Fenton system, TCPP in a water body can be efficiently degraded.

The invention relates to a membrane electrode of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, in particular to a membrane electrode as well as preparation and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: 1, fixing two gas diffusion layers on a heating table for preheating; 2, spraying a cathode catalyst on the surface of one side of one gas diffusion layer, and spraying an anode catalyst on the surface of one side of the other gas diffusion layer; immediately spraying an organic hydrophilic substance dissolved by using an organic solvent after the cathode catalyst and the anode catalyst are sprayed; and step 3, soaking the prepared cathode gas diffusion electrode, anode gas diffusion electrode and anion exchange membrane in alkali liquor, treating for 1.5-48 hours at the room temperature of-80 DEG C, cooling to room temperature, washing, stacking and hot-pressing to prepare the membrane electrode. According to the invention, the hydrophilic material is coated between the catalyst layer and the alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane or between the gas diffusion electrode and the alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane, so that the conditions of ohmic impedance increase and battery performance reduction caused by excessive water loss of the membrane in the test process of membrane electrode preparation are relieved.

The invention relates to a multi-layer electrode for the electrolysis of CO2, in particular to a bipolar multi-layer electrode for the stable electrochemical reduction of CO2 to hydrocarbons and a corresponding electrochemical cell. Thus, a multilayer electrode (10) for CO2 electrolysis is proposed, comprising: a gas diffusion layer (12) having a predetermined pore size suitable for CO2 diffusion; a catalyst layer (14) adjacent to the gas diffusion layer (12) and comprising a copper-based cathode catalyst; and a conductive layer (16) adjacent to the catalyst layer (14), where the gas diffusion layer (12), the catalyst layer (14) and the conductive layer (16) together form a gas diffusion electrode, and where the catalyst layer (14) comprises a predetermined amount of anion exchange ionomer (18) and the conductive layer (16) comprises at least one layer comprising a predetermined amount of cation exchange ionomer (24). According to the invention, the electrically conductive layer (16) comprises a graphitic layer (20) comprising a predetermined portion of a cation exchange ionomer (24).

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing hydrogen peroxide through in-situ curing air electroreduction. The method comprises the following steps: synthesizing a precursor from zinc nitrate powder and 2-methylimidazole in methanol, calcining the precursor powder to obtain a zinc-based catalytic material, loading the zinc-based catalytic material on a carbon substrate to form a zinc-based gas diffusion electrode, and assembling the zinc-based gas diffusion electrode as a working electrode in a liquid flow electrolytic tank to obtain the zinc-based gas diffusion electrode. Air is used as a raw material to generate hydrogen peroxide through electroreduction, a KF solution or a K2SO4 solution is used as an electrolyte, and the KF solution or the K2SO4 solution and the hydrogen peroxide are subjected to an in-situ curing reaction to obtain a cured hydrogen peroxide product. The in-situ curing technology is adopted, decomposition of hydrogen peroxide can be effectively prevented, and the method has wide application potential in the fields of energy, catalysis, pollutant treatment and the like.

The present application provides a carbon sheet suitable for a gas diffusion electrode capable of preventing collapse of a gas flow path provided on a separator film and not deteriorating the electric resistance in a direction perpendicular to the plane. The carbon sheet of the present application for achieving the above object has a first surface and a second surface on the opposite side of the first surface, and when a specific interval is 20-fold divided in the thickness direction to be 20 layers, the fiber orientation degree of the surface layer on the first surface side is 1.20 or more and 3.00 or less, the region formed by the continuous layers among the aforementioned layers satisfying a specific condition is referred to as a first surface side region, and the region formed by the layers among the aforementioned layers not included in the first surface side region is referred to as a second surface side region, the thickness of the aforementioned first surface side region is 40% or less of the thickness of the entire carbon sheet, and the difference between the average fiber orientation degree of the aforementioned second surface side region and the fiber orientation degree of the surface layer on the aforementioned first surface side is greater than 0.10.

The invention provides a gas diffusion electrode with aperture-wettability double gradients and a preparation method of the gas diffusion electrode, and belongs to the technical field of metal-CO2 battery electrodes. The device sequentially comprises a current collector, a hydrophobic macroporous transmission layer, a hydrophobic microporous transmission layer, a hydrophilic transition regulation and control layer and a hydrophilic catalyst layer from a gas side to an electrolyte side. The functional layers with multi-scale apertures are stacked along the axial direction of the electrode, so that the continuous gradient transition of the apertures is realized; and meanwhile, through surface wettability modification, continuous wettability gradient distribution with gradually decreased contact angles is realized on the same spatial dimension. The double gradient structure can form a through gas transmission channel and a catalytic area with a high specific surface area in the electrode, and controllable infiltration of electrolyte is realized. The mass transfer bottleneck of a traditional gas diffusion electrode is overcome, and the stability of a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction interface of the gas diffusion electrode is improved.

A copper catalyst for the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide to a C2 + product. According to the present invention, there is provided a catalyst for the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide to a C2 + product. The catalyst comprises copper and a metal (M); wherein the molar ratio of Cu to M in the catalyst is 100: 0.1 to 100: 10. The catalyst comprises a core and a modified surface layer, wherein the modified surface layer comprises a higher concentration of metal (M) than the core. The catalyst is particularly useful in a gas diffusion electrode and a catalyst coating film of an electrolytic cell.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gas diffusion electrode which reduces electrical resistance in a thickness direction without impairing gas diffusibility, and improves power generation performance when used in a fuel cell. The present invention relates to a gas diffusion electrode having a microporous layer on at least one surface of a conductive porous substrate. The gas diffusion electrode is characterized in that the microporous layer includes carbon black and graphite particles with an aspect ratio of 10 or more, and the ratio of the thickness of a portion in which the microporous layer is sunk of the conductive porous substrate to the thickness of a portion in which the microporous layer is not sunk of the conductive porous substrate is 5-20% inclusive.

The invention discloses a method for electrically reducing carbon dioxide by using a magnetic field enhanced membrane electrode electrolytic cell, and relates to the technical field of electrochemistry, the method comprises the following steps: S1, mixing a catalyst with sludge pyrolysis coke to obtain a composite catalyst; s2, preparing a gas diffusion electrode by adopting a composite catalyst; s3, assembling a membrane electrode electrolytic tank by a gas diffusion electrode, an anode, an anion exchange membrane, a cathode collector plate, an anode collector plate and an electromagnet, and injecting electrolyte; and S4, electrifying the electromagnet to form a stable magnetic field, introducing CO2, and switching on a power supply of the electrolytic tank to carry out electroreduction of CO2. Through compounding of the catalyst and the sludge pyrolysis coke and arrangement of the electromagnet in the membrane electrode electrolytic tank, the magnetohydrodynamic effect is enhanced, the mass transfer process of CO2 and products is enhanced, and efficient electric reduction of CO2 to generate formic acid is realized.

This invention relates to gas diffusion electrodes and their use, as well as to methods for manufacturing them.

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a preparation method of a membrane electrode with a three-dimensional ordered structure, which comprises the following steps: mixing double templates, self-assembling on a hydroxylated carbon-based substrate, and drying to obtain a three-dimensional ordered substrate; performing plasma treatment on the substrate to generate active hydroxyl; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a catalyst, anion exchange resin with double-crosslinking groups and the like, and performing ultrasonic treatment to prepare functionalized catalyst slurry; coating the slurry in multiple layers through ink-jet printing, and drying to form a gradient pore catalyst layer to obtain a gas diffusion electrode; the anion exchange membrane is treated and modified by a silane coupling agent; soaking the modified membrane and the electrode in an alkaline solution at constant temperature and drying with nitrogen; clamping the modified membrane between two electrodes, and pressurizing and cross-linking step by step; and removing the template by using an acid solution and an organic solvent in sequence, treating with perfluorosulfonic acid, and drying. According to the method, through the core-shell type three-dimensional ordered structure and click crosslinking, the interlayer binding force of the membrane electrode is greatly improved, layering is effectively prevented, the gradient pore design optimizes the mass transfer path, the mass transfer efficiency is enhanced, and the internal resistance of the battery is reduced.