70results about "Fuel and primary cells" patented technology

The invention discloses a synthesis method and application of nitrogen-doped carbon-coated Co porous spheres, cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and 4-picolinic acid are dissolved in a mixed solution, the mixed solution comprises dimethylformamide and absolute ethyl alcohol, then the mixed solution is transferred into a reaction kettle for heating reaction, and after the reaction is finished, centrifugal drying is performed to obtain a Co coordination compound precursor; and calcining the precursor in an argon hydrogen atmosphere, and selecting and setting a proper heating rate, a proper calcining temperature and a proper calcining time to obtain the nitrogen-doped carbon-coated Co porous ball. The obtained nitrogen-doped carbon-coated Co porous ball is used as the air cathode of the zinc-air battery, so that high power density and excellent charge-discharge cycle stability are realized.

The utility model relates to a kind of LED candle lamp based on metal fuel cell, it is characterized by: including LED electronic movement, electric core fixed shell piece, electric core module and cathode module;In the utility model, cathode metal is installed from top to bottom, and cathode metal is placed at the top cover of electric core module by cathode fixing piece directly;The installation mode of this cathode metal is convenient to replace;And by using metal fuel cell applied on LED candle lamp, it can replace existing dry battery, lithium battery, increase the use time of product, and have the advantages of environmental protection and no pollution.

We provide long-term and ultra-long-term (overall, ≥8 hours) energy storage systems. [Solution] Various embodiments may include a battery comprising a first electrode, an electrolyte, and a second electrode ionically conductively connected to the first electrode via the electrolyte. The first electrode comprises direct reduced iron ("DRI") pellets and a conductive material. The conductive material may be scattered between individual DRI pellets. The conductive material has a higher electrical conductivity than the DRI pellets.

This invention provides a lithium-carbon dioxide battery, belonging to the field of battery technology. The lithium-carbon dioxide battery's positive electrode material comprises carbon nanotubes and ruthenium nanoparticles supported on the carbon nanotubes; the electrolyte comprises a lithium salt and a solvent; the solvent comprises tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether and dimethyl sulfoxide. This invention, through the synergistic effect of the positive electrode material and the electrolyte, can promote the formation of the discharge product lithium oxalate. The formation of lithium oxalate significantly improves the battery's decomposition kinetics, thereby enhancing the battery's electrochemical performance. Furthermore, the use of a dual-solvent electrolyte can improve the stability of the lithium anode, further enhancing the battery's cycle stability and electrochemical kinetics.

Nanoporous carbon-based scaffolds or structures, and specifically carbon aerogels and their manufacture and use thereof. Embodiments include a cathode material within a lithium-air battery, where the cathode is formed of a binder-free, monolithic, polyimide-derived carbon aerogel. The carbon aerogel includes pores that improve the oxygen transport properties of electrolyte solution and improve the formation of lithium peroxide along the surface and / or within the pores of the carbon aerogel. The cathode and underlying carbon aerogel provide optimal properties for use within the lithium-air battery.

A metal-air battery including: a current collector; a metal electrode including a metal and contacting the current collector; an air electrode on the metal electrode and opposite the current collector; a solid electrolyte between the metal electrode and the air electrode; a discharge product of the metal on the air electrode; wherein the metal-air battery is configured to release the discharge product.

The utility model discloses a zinc air cell composite electrode device based on nonmetal PNC catalyst, including electrode anode, the inside of electrode anode is equipped with the electrode cathode of adaptation, be equipped with insulating seal layer between electrode anode and electrode cathode, the inside of electrode cathode respectively includes zinc powder, zinc electrode layer and carbon skeleton, zinc electrode layer and carbon skeleton evenly distribute in the inside of electrode cathode, the utility model discloses a prevent seepage layer and carbon cloth and catalyst layer are set up in the inner layer structure of electrode anode and electrode cathode, and have catalytic composite layer between prevent seepage layer and carbon cloth to utilize the adhesive bonding structure in catalytic composite layer, promote carbon matrix and catalyst layer mix to form the high stability porous network electrode structure with electrode cathode combination under the catalytic layer cooperation of this composite structure, and have the component with high catalytic activity.

A solid oxide cell includes a fuel electrode, an air electrode, and an electrolyte disposed between the fuel electrode and the air electrode, in which the fuel electrode includes an electron-conductive needle-shaped particle, and the needle-shaped particle includes an Fe-Ni-based alloy. A length of a major axis of the needle-shaped particle may be at least 1.5 times a length of a minor axis of the needle-shaped particle.

This invention discloses a ZnS-modified S-doped Fe-N-C catalyst, its preparation method, and its applications, belonging to the field of electrocatalytic materials and energy conversion technology. Using metal sulfate as a single precursor, this invention employs a one-step in-situ sulfidation strategy to simultaneously construct Fe-N4 active sites, dope S atoms, and generate ZnS nanoparticles in situ via pyrolysis under nitrogen protection, thus preparing a ZnS@Fe-NSC structured catalyst. This material exhibits high CO selectivity, low overpotential, and excellent long-term stability. The ZnS nanoparticles act as electron donors, regulating the electronic structure of the Fe center, enhancing the Fe-N coordination bond strength, effectively inhibiting Fe dissolution, and improving the CO2 reduction reaction kinetics and catalyst durability. This invention features a single precursor, simplified process, and controllable structure, showing broad application prospects in electrocatalytic CO2 resource utilization and energy conversion devices such as Zn-CO2 batteries.

The present invention relates to a poly(arylpiperidinium) copolymer ionomer in which a branched piperidinium group is introduced into a repeating unit while having no aryl ether bond in the polymer backbone, which has excellent chemical stability, excellent mechanical properties while having a high molecular weight, a low expansion rate, high dimensional stability and ionic conductivity, and a limited phenyl adsorption effect. Further, an anion exchange membrane produced from the above branched poly(arylpiperidinium) copolymer ionomer can operate even under low humidity conditions and has excellent water management ability, and thus can be applied to membranes and binders for alkaline fuel cells, water electrolysis devices, carbon dioxide reduction, vanadium redox flow batteries, or metal-air batteries.

The application discloses a high-performance nickel / carbon multi-dimensional nano-assembly structure electrocatalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. A nickel / carbon multi-dimensional nano-assembly structure electrocatalyst with one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and two-dimensional carbon sheets loaded with zero-dimensional nickel nanoparticles is prepared by mixing nickel salt and a biological organic ligand as a precursor and through simple one-step pyrolysis, taking the biological organic ligand as a carbon source. The biological organic ligand derived carbon material is converted into carbon sheets by using the thermal decomposition of the nickel salt, and meanwhile, the metallic nickel generated by the carbon thermal reduction catalyzes the carbon material to generate carbon nanotubes at high temperature, so as to construct the unique nickel / carbon multi-dimensional nano-assembly structure. The unique multi-dimensional structure has a large specific surface area and a large number of exposed active sites, and is beneficial to the improvement of the catalyst performance.

A moisture detection device 1 comprising: a battery 10 that starts power generation when wetted; and a drive unit 20 that is driven by the power generated by the battery 10 and outputs a signal or alarm sound indicating that moisture has been detected.

This invention relates to the field of aluminum-air batteries and discloses a single aluminum-air battery cell structure. Each cell includes a battery casing, an air electrode, a negative terminal, a negative electrode, and an aluminum electrode that can be inserted into the battery casing. Inner grids are provided on both sides of the battery casing, and air channels are formed between the inner grids of adjacent battery casings of multiple cells. Positive terminals are provided on both sides of the battery casing, and the aluminum electrode is connected to the negative electrode through the negative terminal. This provides a single battery cell structure that allows for quick replacement of the aluminum electrode.

An iron-air battery including an iron electrode in contact with an anode current collector, wherein the iron electrode includes a plurality of channels; an oxygen reduction reaction electrode having a first surface facing the plurality of channels and an opposing second surface in contact with air; an oxygen evolution reaction electrode interdigitated with the plurality of channels of the iron electrode, wherein at least a portion of the oxygen evolution reaction electrode is disposed within the plurality of channels in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the oxygen reduction reaction electrode; and an electrolyte in contact with the iron electrode, the first surface of the oxygen reduction reaction electrode, the plurality of channels, and the oxygen evolution reaction electrode.

A method of controlling water balance in a metal-air electrochemical cell during operation of the electrochemical cell involves controlling a ratio of partial pressure of water vapor in an inlet supply of air to equilibrium water vapor pressure of an electrolyte of the metal-air electrochemical cell. Controlling the ratio is done by controlling one or both of the partial pressure of water vapor in the inlet supply of air and the equilibrium water vapor pressure of the electrolyte. The method can be performed by a system having a programmable controller programmed to perform the method and configured to receive signals from sensors and control the relative humidity and temperature control devices based on the signals received from the sensors.

The present disclosure relates to a battery energy storage container. The energy storage container has a cylindrical housing and a pair of end caps disposed on opposite ends of the cylindrical housing. A diaphragm is positioned between each end cap selected from the pair of end caps and the corresponding end of the cylindrical housing. In one version, the energy storage container is configured to be installed below the ground surface for geological thermal management of the energy storage container. Embodiments of the present invention further disclose various types of electrode retainers. The energy storage container is configured for use in electrochemical battery cells, Li-ion batteries, intercalation batteries, metal-air batteries, flow batteries, fuel cells, reversible fuel cells, and capacitors.

A manufacturing apparatus for an electrical storage device intermediate manufactures an electrical storage device intermediate using an electrode assembly unit and an outer film. The electrical storage device intermediate includes a first lid, a second lid, an electrode assembly, a first terminal, and a second terminal. The electrode assembly is located between the first lid and the second lid. The first terminal is electrically connected to the electrode assembly. The first terminal is connected to the first lid. The second terminal is electrically connected to the electrode assembly. The second terminal is connected to the second lid. The electrical storage device includes an outer package and the electrode assembly housed in the outer package. The outer package includes the first lid, the second lid, and the outer film. The manufacturing apparatus includes a fixing device that fixes the first lid and the second lid of the electrode assembly unit, a wrapping device that wraps the electrode assembly unit with the outer film such that the outer film contacts a side end surface of the first lid and a side end surface of the second lid, and a first joining device that joins the side end surfaces and the outer film.

The application discloses a preparation method of a high-entropy alloy-based catalyst, a catalyst and a zinc-air battery, and belongs to the technical field of catalyst preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: providing iron nitrate, cobalt nitrate, nickel nitrate, manganese nitrate, ammonium dimolybdate, stannous chloride and multi-walled carbon nanotubes; dissolving the iron nitrate, the cobalt nitrate, the nickel nitrate, the manganese nitrate, the ammonium dimolybdate and the stannous chloride in a target solution to form an initial mixed solution; adding the multi-walled carbon nanotubes into the initial mixed solution to form an intermediate mixed solution; heating the intermediate mixed solution until all the liquid in the intermediate mixed solution is evaporated to form an initial powder; and performing thermal shock on the initial powder to obtain the high-entropy alloy-based catalyst.

A control system is described for improving all dynamic multi-cell metal-air batteries to ensure load requirements are met while optimizing battery performance according to a set of performance criteria. This control system can be enhanced with machine learning to further improve both the effectiveness and efficiency of the battery system over time. Dynamic multi-cell metal-air battery system designs are disclosed for achieving continuous or intermittent high power output, expanding the applicability of metal-air batteries combined with electric motors to applications traditionally designated for internal combustion engines.

A lid for an electrochemical cell has at least one through-opening connecting a headspace of the cell with an external environment when the lid covers the cell. The at least one through-opening is blocked by at least one hydrophobic, non-electrolyte-absorbing semi-permeable membrane. The semi-permeable membrane is substantially impermeable to electrolyte (e.g., potassium hydroxide) mist while permitting diffusion of hydrogen gas and air therethrough. The semi-permeable membrane has a total permeable surface area in a range of 1-15% of a total surface area of the lid between the headspace of the cell and the external environment. Gases diffuse through the semi-permeable membrane at a rate to maintain a total pressure in the headspace greater than ambient air pressure in the external environment and less than about 0.5 kPa above the ambient air pressure in the external environment. The lid mitigates electrolyte mist venting from and H2 gas accumulation in the cell.

To provide an ion exchange membrane which is excellent in dimensional stability in an in-plane direction when immersed in an electrolytic solution, and a method for producing a dry ion exchange membrane. The ion exchange membrane according to the present invention is an ion exchange membrane containing a fluorinated polymer, wherein in a case where by Raman spectroscopy, polarized light orthogonal to the thickness direction of the ion exchange membrane is irradiated to obtain a spectrum chart, whereby the ratio of the peak area a2 of Raman shift 680 to 760 cm-1 to the peak area a1 of Raman shift 1,025 to 1,095 cm-1 is taken as A1, and by Raman spectroscopy, to a cross section in the thickness direction of the ion exchange membrane, polarized light parallel with the thickness direction is irradiated to obtain a spectrum chart, whereby the ratio of the peak area b2 of Raman shift 920 to 1,025 cm-1 to the peak area b1 of Raman shift 1,025 to 1,095 cm-1 is taken as B1, B1 / A1 is at least 1.05.

This invention belongs to the field of electrochemical energy storage technology, and particularly relates to a liquid-phase catalytic metal-air battery. The invention includes a metal negative electrode, an electrolyte solution, a positive electrode current collector, and a liquid-phase catalyst. The liquid-phase catalyst is a redox couple dispersible in the electrolyte solution, including at least one of an oxidized state and a reduced state, and its electrode potential lies between the oxidation potential of the metal negative electrode and the oxygen reduction potential. The liquid-phase catalyst transforms from a reduced state to an oxidized state upon contact with oxygen-containing gas, and from an oxidized state to a reduced state upon contact with the positive electrode current collector during discharge; these are the oxygen reduction and discharge processes, respectively. Only gas-liquid and solid-liquid contact is required during these processes, providing ample reaction sites. Furthermore, the oxygen reduction and discharge processes are decoupled and can be controlled independently; increasing the gas-liquid contact area is sufficient to improve the oxygen reduction rate. The liquid-phase catalyst is easy to prepare and replace, has good catalytic effect, and places low demands on battery components, effectively reducing battery costs and improving battery controllability and discharge performance.

The application relates to a kind of electrolyte containing sodium malate and its application in magnesium-air battery, and belongs to the technical field of magnesium-air battery.The electrolyte is composed of sodium malate and deionized water, wherein the concentration of sodium malate is 0.1~1.0 mol·L ‑1 The electrolyte is used in magnesium-air battery with Mg-1Zn-1Ca-1.5In (wt.%) alloy as anode, and the test result shows that the battery exhibits excellent discharge performance, and can effectively improve the utilization efficiency and discharge capacity of anode.The sodium malate electrolyte of the application is green and environment-friendly, and has important application value in realizing high discharge capacity of magnesium-air battery.

Provided herein are electrocatalysts derived from metal-organic frameworks for energy storage and conversion applications, and processes for synthesizing and converting metal-organic frameworks to form electrocatalysts.

This invention relates to an iron-iron-phosphorus 3-point electrocatalyst with an asymmetric electronic structure and its application. The catalyst preparation method is as follows: zinc salt and iron salt are uniformly dispersed in a mixed solution of N,N-dimethylformamide and methanol, and 2-methylimidazole is added and uniformly dispersed in the same mixed solution to obtain a pale yellow powder. The pale yellow powder is uniformly dispersed in a methanol solution, and tannic acid solution is added and stirred to obtain a gray-green powder Fe@ZIF-8. Fe@ZIF-8 and p-phenylenediamine are dispersed in a tetrahydrofuran solution, and a phosphorus source and triethylamine are added to obtain polymer-coated Fe@ZIF-8. Fe@ZIF-8 is calcined to obtain a phosphorus-doped iron single-atom catalyst. The phosphorus-doped iron single-atom catalyst is ball-milled with iron salt and phthalocyanine to obtain an iron-iron-phosphorus 3-point electrocatalyst with an asymmetric electronic structure. This catalyst is applied to the air cathode reaction of a zinc-air battery.

A system including a plurality of electrochemical cells and a charge voltage attenuation control system for the same.

The application discloses a kind of meso-macroporous three-dimensional graphene structure carbon-based electrochemical oxygen catalyst, catalyst is transition metal and sulfur nitrogen co-doped meso-macroporous three-dimensional graphene structure, carbon has clear graphite strip, transition metal is in the form of single atom distribution constitutes M-Nx Active center, transition metal single atom is dispersed on the surface of three-dimensional graphene carbon matrix, the specific surface area of catalyst is 300-600, average pore volume is 0.5-1.5, pore size size distribution is 2-200 nm.The catalyst of the application is composed of transition metal, carbon, nitrogen and sulfur, the material transition metal is in the form of single atom distribution constitutes M-Nx Active center, with mesoporous and macroporous three-dimensional graphene structure and highly graphitized.Simultaneously, the introduction of S makes the material have more surface defects, good conductivity, high bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic activity, good cycle stability and other characteristics.Transition metal is abundant in reserves, low in price, simple in preparation method, can be mass-produced, and can be widely used in zinc-oxygen battery material field.

To provide a battery that has an aqueous electrolyte and has excellent discharge characteristics at low temperatures.SOLUTION: A battery according to the present invention includes a negative electrode having at least one metal selected from the group consisting of zinc, aluminum, magnesium, and alloys thereof as an active material, and an aqueous electrolyte solution, and the electrolyte solution is an aqueous solution containing an electrolyte salt, which is a salt of a weak acid and a strong base and has a solubility of 100 g or more in 100 g of water at 0°C, at a concentration of 10 mass% or more. It is preferable that the electrolyte solution further contains a salt of a strong acid and a weak base.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

This specification provides phosphorus cell electrolyte additive chemicals for use in aqueous batteries, which prevent self-discharge in the form of corrosion and hydrogen generation, improve battery efficiency, and extend storage life.

This invention provides a nano-low-iridium high-entropy oxide, its preparation method, and its application, which have the following advantages: (1) Preparation method: A high diffusion reaction environment is constructed, and the formation of high-entropy metal oxides at low temperature is achieved through kinetic acceleration, avoiding high-temperature sintering and facilitating the generation of two-dimensional nanostructures; (2) Two-dimensional high-entropy structure: The two-dimensional nanostructure fully exposes the active sites, and the high configurational entropy improves the intrinsic activity and dispersion of iridium and ruthenium sites, reducing the amount of iridium used while maintaining high activity; the high-entropy effect and delayed diffusion effect inhibit element segregation and improve stability. (3) Catalytic application: The nano-low-iridium high-entropy oxide can achieve a dual improvement in activity and stability in processes such as oxygen evolution reaction, urea oxidation, and biomass oxidation.