685 results about "Metal anode" patented technology

A composite solid electrolyte include a monolithic solid electrolyte base component that is a continuous matrix of an inorganic active metal ion conductor and a filler component used to eliminate through porosity in the solid electrolyte. In this way a solid electrolyte produced by any process that yields residual through porosity can be modified by the incorporation of a filler to form a substantially impervious composite solid electrolyte and eliminate through porosity in the base component. Methods of making the composites is also disclosed. The composites are generally useful in electrochemical cell structures such as battery cells and in particular protected active metal anodes, particularly lithium anodes, that are protected with a protective membrane architecture incorporating the composite solid electrolyte. The protective architecture prevents the active metal of the anode from deleterious reaction with the environment on the other (cathode) side of the architecture, which may include aqueous, air and organic liquid electrolytes and/or electrochemically active materials.

Disclosed are ionically conductive membranes for protection of active metal anodes and methods for their fabrication. The membranes may be incorporated in active metal negative electrode (anode) structures and battery cells. In accordance with the invention, the membrane has the desired properties of high overall ionic conductivity and chemical stability towards the anode, the cathode and ambient conditions encountered in battery manufacturing. The membrane is capable of protecting an active metal anode from deleterious reaction with other battery components or ambient conditions while providing a high level of ionic conductivity to facilitate manufacture and/or enhance performance of a battery cell in which the membrane is incorporated.

Disclosed are ionically conductive composites for protection of active metal anodes and methods for their fabrication. The composites may be incorporated in active metal negative electrode (anode) structures and battery cells. In accordance with the invention, the properties of different ionic conductors are combined in a composite material that has the desired properties of high overall ionic conductivity and chemical stability towards the anode, the cathode and ambient conditions encountered in battery manufacturing. The composite is capable of protecting an active metal anode from deleterious reaction with other battery components or ambient conditions while providing a high level of ionic conductivity to facilitate manufacture and/or enhance performance of a battery cell in which the composite is incorporated.

A solid-state metal-air electrochemical cell comprising: (A) a metal-containing electro-active anode; (B) an oxygen electro-active cathode; and (C) an ion-conducting glass electrolyte disposed between the metal-containing anode and the oxygen electro-active cathode. The cathode active material, which is oxygen gas, is not stored in the battery but rather fed from the environment. The oxygen cathode is preferably a composite carbon electrode which serves as the cathode current collector on which oxygen molecules are reduced during discharge of the battery to generate electric current. The glass electrolyte typically has an ion conductivity in the range of 5×10⁻⁵ to 2×10⁻³ S/cm. The electrolyte layer is preferably smaller than 10 μm in thickness and further preferably smaller than 1 μm. The anode metal is preferably lithium or lithium alloy, but may be selected from other elements such as sodium, magnesium, calcium, aluminum and zinc.

Active metal electrochemical structure, in particular an active metal negative electrode (anode) protected with an ionically conductive protective architecture incorporating a glassy, ceramic or glass-ceramic solid electrolyte material based on lithium hafnium phosphate, and associated electrochemical devices and methods, provides advantages over conventional structures. The protective architecture prevents the active metal from deleterious reaction with the environment on the other (cathode) side of the architecture, which may include aqueous, air or organic liquid electrolytes and/or electrochemically active materials.

Protected anode architectures for active metal anodes have a polymer adhesive seal that provides an hermetic enclosure for the active metal of the protected anode inside an anode compartment. The compartment is substantially impervious to ambient moisture and battery components such as catholyte (electrolyte about the cathode), and prevents volatile components of the protected anode, such as anolyte (electrolyte about the anode), from escaping. The architecture is formed by joining the protected anode to an anode container. The polymer adhesive seals provide an hermetic seal at the joint between a surface of the protected anode and the container.

Active metal fuel cells are provided. An active metal fuel cell has a renewable active metal (e.g., lithium) anode and a cathode structure that includes an electronically conductive component (e.g., a porous metal or alloy), an ionically conductive component (e.g., an electrolyte), and a fluid oxidant (e.g., air, water or a peroxide or other aqueous solution). The pairing of an active metal anode with a cathode oxidant in a fuel cell is enabled by an ionically conductive protective membrane on the surface of the anode facing the cathode.

The present invention provides co-doped zinc oxide to flat panel, light emissive display devices and vacuum microelectronic devices to improve their efficiency and lifetime. This material has a low growth temperature and is compatible with metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) processing technology. It is tranparent, chemically stable and has a low work function, which result in many advantages when being used as the cathode for the aforementioned devices. In one embodiment of the emissive display device, an organic light diode (OLED) display has a high work function metal anode, such as platinum (Pt), gold (Au) or nickel (Ni) and a low work function co-doped zinc oxide cathode. Because of the energy level alignment provided by these two materials, the potential energy barriers to injection of electrons from the cathode and holes from the anode into the organic emissive medium are minimized so the display device operates more efficiently.

Disclosed are ionically conductive membranes for protection of active metal anodes and methods for their fabrication. The membranes may be incorporated in active metal negative electrode (anode) structures and battery cells. In accordance with the invention, the membrane has the desired properties of high overall ionic conductivity and chemical stability towards the anode, the cathode and ambient conditions encountered in battery manufacturing. The membrane is capable of protecting an active metal anode from deleterious reaction with other battery components or ambient conditions while providing a high level of ionic conductivity to facilitate manufacture and/or enhance performance of a battery cell in which the membrane is incorporated.

The invention relates to a wearable compound layer material for machine parts and a manufacturing method and equipment thereof. The wearable compound layer material is a metal-based wearable compound layer material which is composed of a matrix metal and lots of particles or fibers dispersed and distributed in the matrix metal, thereby having a multi-phase structure. The wearable compound layer material is manufactured by a direct-current electroplating or pulse electroplating method. The direct-current electroplating or pulse electroplating equipment is composed of parts such as an electroplating power source, an electroplating tank, a metal anode or a metal alloy anode, a machine part substrate cathode, a stirring device, a solution circulating device, a heating and temperature control device, an additive supplementing device and the like. The wearable compound layer material for machine parts provided by the invention is obviously superior in performance to good-quality cast iron wearable parts, good-quality cast steel wearable parts and wearable parts for surface heat treatment of common steel and good-quality steel commonly employed in the present product. The wearable compound layer also has high-temperature abrasive resistance and excellent corrosion resistance while having excellent abrasive performance; and the internal stress of the coating is very low.

The organic electroluminescence element includes an anode metal layer above a substrate. The anode metal layer comprises an inner region and an outer region. The inner region is adjacent to and different than the outer region. An upper surface of the inner region is lower than an upper surface of the outer region. A metal oxide layer is on the inner region of the metal anode layer. A hole transport layer is above the metal oxide layer and the inner region. The hole transport layer comprises a hole-transporting organic material. An organic luminescent layer is above the hole transport layer and the inner region. A cathode layer is above the organic luminescent layer and the inner region. The cathode layer injects electrons into the organic luminescent layer. An insulating layer is above the outer region of the anode metal layer.

A non-aqueous electrolyte for use in an electrochemical cell comprising: (a) at least one organic solvent; (b) at least one electrolytically active salt represented by the formula:in which: M' is selected from a group consisting of magnesium, calcium, aluminum, lithium and sodium; Z is selected from a group consisting of aluminum, boron, phosphorus, antimony and arsenic; R represents radical selected from the following groups: alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, phenyl, benzyl, and amido; X is a halogen (I, Br, Cl, F); m=1-3; and n=0-5 and q=6 in the case of Z=phosphorus, antimony and arsenic, and n=0-3 and q=4 in the case of Z=aluminum and boron. Rechargeable, high energy density electrochemical cells containing an intercalation cathode, a metal anode, and an electrolyte of the above-described type are also disclosed.

The invention provides for a fully electrically rechargeable metal anode battery systems and methods of achieving such systems. An electrically rechargeable metal anode cell may comprise a metal electrode, an air contacting electrode, and an aqueous electrolyte separating the metal electrode and the air contacting electrode. In some embodiments, the metal electrode may directly contact the liquid electrolyte and no separator or porous membrane is needed between the air contacting electrode and the electrolyte. Rechargeable metal anode cells may be electrically connected to one another through a centrode connection where a metal electrode of one cell and an air contacting electrode of a second cell are electrically connected. Air tunnels or pathways may be provided between individual metal anode cells arranged in a stack. In some embodiments, an electrolyte flow management system may also be provided to maintain liquid electrolyte at constant levels during charge and discharge cycles.

The energy density of the entire cell may be improved while retaining high power density by use of an alkali metal transition metal polyanion compound as the cathode and a thin film metal or metalloid anode. The thin film anode may be initially unalloyed or partially unalloyed. During use, the thin film anode may be only partially unalloyed relative to the theoretical maximum. The high volumetric capacity of the metal anode makes it possible to use a dense or porous thin film anode in conjunction with a relatively thin particle-based cathode to thereby improve the energy density of the cell.

The invention discloses an all-solid-state lithium battery with a gradient structure and a preparation method thereof. The all-solid-state lithium battery comprises a cathode with a gradient structure layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a metal anode or an anode with a gradient structure layer; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing cathode slurries with different component concentrations or particle sizes or molecular weights, coating a collector electrode with the cathode slurries according to the component concentration gradient or particle size gradient or molecular weight gradient to prepare an electrode layer, coating the electrode layer with the solid electrolyte layer, finally attaching the metal anode, or preparing anode slurries with different component concentrations or particle sizes or molecular weights, coating the electrolyte layer with the anode slurries according to an opposite concentration gradient or particle size gradient or molecular weight gradient based on the preparation method of the cathode electrode layer, and finally attaching a collector electrode to obtain the all-solid-state lithium battery with a gradient structure; the preparation method is simple, and the prepared all-solid-state lithium battery is stable in large-rate charge and discharge, and can work normally at large current.

The invention belongs to the organic electroluminescence field, in particular to a top-emitting organic electroluminescent device having two structures and being capable of adjusting luminescent spectrums. The top-emitting device adopting an upright structure sequentially comprises a substrate, a metal anode, an organic function layer and a metal cathode, and a spectrum adjustment layer structure is introduced between the metal cathode and the organic function layer; and the top-emitting device adopting an inverted structure sequentially includes a substrate, a metal cathode, an organic function layer and a metal anode in structure, and a spectrum adjustment layer structure is introduced between the metal anode and the organic function layer. The introduction of the spectrum adjustment layer can adjust the spectral width of luminescent spectrum and the emission spectrum peak value of the top-emitting organic electroluminescent device, thereby changing the luminescent color of the device and finally realizing the top-emitting white light organic electroluminescent device with high brightness and high color-rendering indexes. The prepared top-emitting organic electroluminescent device with multiple photo-peaks and adjustable spectrums has the advantages of high brightness, high efficiency, less working procedure and simple process.