2821 results about "Nickel" patented technology

The invention relates to a 1500MPa-grade nickel-based alloy for a second-generation high-temperature superconducting baseband and a preparation method of the 1500MPa-grade nickel-based alloy, and belongs to the technical field of materials. The nickel-based alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 15.0 to 17.0 percent of Cr, 15.0 to 17.0 percent of Mo, 4.5 to 9.5 percent of W, 5.0 to 7.0 percent of Fe, 0.3 to 0.7 percent of Mn, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of Si, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of V, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Co, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Al, 0.001 to 0.01 percent of B and Clt, 0.005%, Plt; 0.005%, Slt; 0.002%, Olt; 0.002%, Nlt; 0.002%, and the balance being nickel. On the basis of hastelloy, the strength of a matrix is improved by increasing the W element content, matching an optimized heat treatment process and combining cold deformation; the content of C is controlled, precipitation of carbides is controlled, and it is ensured that the carbides are completely dissolved in a matrix during homogenization treatment; and a pure smelting process is adopted, so that the oxygen content in the alloy is reduced, the inclusion content is controlled, and high purity is ensured. By adopting the component control strategy and the processing preparation and heat treatment process, the nickel-based alloy with the yield strength of 1,300 MPa or above, the tensile strength of 1,500 MPa or above and the ductility of 7.5% or above can be obtained after annealing is conducted for 5 min at the temperature of 900 DEG C, and the requirement of a second-generation high-temperature superconducting high-performance metal base band is met.

The invention discloses a nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of alloy preparation, and the nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloy comprises the following elements by weight: 22-25 wt% of Cr; 8 to 10 weight percent of Mo; 1 to 3 wt% of Fe; 1.8 to 3.5 wt% of Cu; 0.5 to 1.2 wt% of Al; 0.3 to 0.8 wt% of Ti; 1.5 to 3.5 wt% of W; b: 0.002 wt% to 0.01 wt%; y: 0.02 to 0.12 wt%; ce: 0.02 to 0.07 wt%; and Ni: the balance. The corrosion-resistant nickel-based alloy has the effect of improving the corrosion resistance of the nickel-based alloy by combining multi-element alloying and a fine preparation process.

The invention relates to a 1400 MPa-grade nickel-based alloy for a second-generation high-temperature superconducting base band and a preparation method of the 1400 MPa-grade nickel-based alloy, and belongs to the technical field of materials. The nickel-based alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 15.0 to 17.0 percent of Cr, 13.0 to 15.0 percent of Mo, 5.5 to 9.0 percent of W, 5.0 to 7.0 percent of Fe, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of Mn, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of Si, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of V, 0.0 to 2.5 percent of Co, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Al, 0.001 to 0.01 percent of B and Clt, 0.005%, Plt; 0.005%, Slt; 0.002%, Olt; 0.002%, Nlt; 0.002%, and the balance being nickel. On the basis of the Ni-Cr-Mo alloy, the composition design thought of increasing W and reducing Mo is adopted, the optimized hot working and heat treatment process is matched, and finally the strength of a base body is improved through cold deformation; the content of C is controlled, precipitation of carbides is controlled, and alloy elements are ensured to be completely dissolved into a matrix during homogenization treatment; and a pure smelting process is adopted, so that the oxygen content in the alloy is reduced, the inclusion content is controlled, and high purity is ensured.

The invention relates to the technical field of welding wire preparation, in particular to a nickel-based alloy flux-cored wire for 9Ni steel welding and a preparation method of the nickel-based alloy flux-cored wire. A nickel-based alloy flux-cored wire for 9Ni steel welding comprises a flux core, and the flux core comprises, by weight, 26%-34% of titanium dioxide, 3%-5% of ferrozirconium, 8%-12% of ferrotitanium, 1%-3% of rare earth ferrosilicon, 15%-20% of tungsten powder, 1%-2% of polytetrafluoroethylene and the balance pretreated mixed powder. The nickel-based alloy flux-cored wire for 9Ni steel welding has the advantages that low-melting-point eutectic is not prone to being formed, the hot crack sensitivity is reduced, the nickel-based alloy flux-cored wire is suitable for welding of restrained large structures, the deoxidation and denitrification capacity is enhanced, and the pore sensitivity is reduced.

The invention relates to a 1300MPa-grade nickel-based alloy for a second-generation high-temperature superconducting baseband and a preparation method of the 1300MPa-grade nickel-based alloy, and belongs to the technical field of materials. The high-strength wear-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 15.0%-17.0% of Cr, 15.0%-17.0% of Mo, 3.0%-4.5% of W, 5.0%-7.0% of Fe, 0.3%-0.7% of Mn, 0.01%-0.05% of Si, 0.1%-0.2% of V, 0.1%-0.5% of Co, 0.1%-0.2% of Al, 0.040%-0.080% of N, Clt and the balance of Fe. 0.002%, Plt; 0.005%, Slt; 0.002%, Olt; 0.002%, and the balance being nickel. The purification smelting process is adopted, the oxygen content in the alloy is reduced, the inclusion content is controlled, and the high purity of the material is guaranteed. By adopting the component control strategy, the heat treatment process and the final cold machining preparation, the nickel-based alloy with the yield strength being 1100 MPa or above, the tensile strength being 1300 MPa or above, the ductility being 15% or above and the product of strength and elongation being 20 GPa.% or above can be obtained after annealing is conducted for 5 min at the temperature of 900 DEG C, and the requirements of a second-generation high-temperature superconducting high-performance metal base band are met.

The invention discloses a preparation method of low-loss high-saturation iron-nickel soft magnetic powder. Comprising the following steps of S1, alloy smelting and S2, atomization. S3, carrying out ball milling treatment; s4, annealing treatment; s5, carrying out surface coating; the low-loss high-saturation iron-nickel soft magnetic powder is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 77.6%-78.2% of electrolytic nickel, 21.4%-22.3% of electrolytic iron and 0.1%-1% of an additive, the performance of the iron-nickel soft magnetic powder and a magnetic powder core prepared by the process is improved in multiple aspects, and the iron-nickel soft magnetic powder has great application advantages.

The invention discloses a high-temperature and high-pressure multifunctional integrated shock tube test system, belongs to the technical field of explosion and impact dynamics tests, and aims at solving the problem that an existing shock tube is usually single in function and is only used for a simulation test of a certain function. The high-pressure section and the low-pressure section of the shock tube are both made of high-temperature-resistant nickel-based alloy, an induction heater is adopted for heating, high-pressure inert gas is filled into the high-pressure section through pressure gradients of diaphragm sets with different layers of diaphragm clamping sections, high temperature and high pressure of the high-pressure section at the temperature of 20-900 DEG C and the pressure of 0.1-50 MPa are obtained, and the high-pressure shock tube has the advantages that the high-pressure shock tube is compact in structure and low in cost. The multifunctional integrated shock tube test system can be used for researching the crushing characteristics of rock materials under the conditions of different pressures, temperatures, water contents and the like, the damage characteristics of explosion shock waves in the air to a target piece and the impact damage characteristics of a high-speed projectile body. Effective methods and means are provided for related research, and the shock tube test technology and engineering application capability are expanded. The test system is easy to implement, low in cost and multipurpose.

The invention relates to a crack repairing method for an additive manufacturing nickel-based high-temperature alloy part, and relates to the technical field of high-temperature alloys. According to the main technical scheme, filler powder and solder powder are adopted for conducting crack repairing on the additive manufacturing nickel-based high-temperature alloy part; wherein the solder powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 11.0 to 17.0 weight percent of Cr, 5.0 to 9.0 weight percent of W, 1 to 4 weight percent of B, less than or equal to 0.06 weight percent of C, less than or equal to 0.1 weight percent of Co and the balance of Ni; wherein the filler comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 6 to 10 weight percent of Cr, 6 to 10 weight percent of Co, 6 to 10 weight percent of W, 0.5 to 3 weight percent of Mo, 3 to 6 weight percent of Al, 0.5 to 2 weight percent of Ti, 3 to 6 weight percent of Ta, less than or equal to 0.2 weight percent of C, less than or equal to 0.1 weight percent of B, less than or equal to 2 weight percent of Hf and the balance of Ni; the additive manufacturing nickel-based superalloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 6 to 10 percent of Cr, 6 to 10 percent of Co, 6 to 10 percent of W, 0.5 to 3 percent of Mo, 3 to 6 percent of Al, 0.5 to 2 percent of Ti, 3 to 6 percent of Ta, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of B, less than or equal to 2 percent of Hf and the balance of Ni. The method is mainly used for solving the problem of repairing and remanufacturing the cracks of the additive manufacturing nickel-based superalloy part, and has important application value.

The invention provides a treatment method of copper-nickel concentrate rich in platinum group metals, which comprises the following steps: feeding the copper-nickel concentrate rich in platinum group metals and a first flux into a smelting furnace, and introducing first oxygen-enriched gas for smelting; copper matte and a second flux are continuously fed into a first converting furnace, and second oxygen-enriched gas is continuously introduced for first converting; raw copper and a third flux are fed into the oxygen inclined blowing rotary converter, and oxygen is introduced for second blowing; the crude copper is fed into an anode refining furnace, and air and a first reducing agent are introduced for fire refining; casting the copper liquid into an anode plate, and carrying out electrolytic refining on the anode plate; feeding the first converting slag, the second converting slag, a second reducing agent and a vulcanizing agent into a dilution electric furnace for slag dilution to obtain low-nickel matte and dilution slag; and the low-nickel matte is fed into a third converting furnace, air or oxygen-enriched air is introduced for third converting, and the problem that the recovery rate of nickel metal elements and platinum group metals in the copper-nickel concentrate rich in the platinum group metals is low is solved.

The present invention provides: a steel sheet which contains Ni, Cu and Sn, and has excellent chemical conversion treatability; and a component which includes said steel sheet.　A steel sheet and a component including the same according to the present invention are characterized by having a chemical composition containing, in mass %, 0.010-1.000% of Ni, 0.010-1.000% of Cu, and 0.003-1.000% of Sn, and by the emission intensities of Ni, Cu, and Sn in the surface layer of the steel sheet as measured by high-frequency glow discharge optical emission spectrometry satisfying the following relationships.　Ni: Surface layer maximum intensity / Bulk intensity ≤ 1.5 Cu: Surface layer maximum intensity / Bulk intensity ≤ 1.3 Sn: Surface layer maximum intensity / Bulk intensity ≤ 15

Provided in the present application are a lithium-rich manganese-based precursor material, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: in a protective gas atmosphere, mixing a nickel-cobalt-manganese mixed salt solution, a precipitator solution and a complexing agent solution, subjecting same to a co-precipitation reaction until particles enter a growth stage, starting the introduction of an oxygen-containing gas, and then continuously subjecting same to the co-precipitation reaction, so as to obtain a lithium-rich manganese-based precursor material. In the preparation method of the present application, by introducing the oxidizing atmosphere in the growth stage of the precursor material, the problems of compact particle growth, being prone to agglomerating and poor morphology in the existing preparation process for a lithium-rich manganese precursor material are solved, and a lithium-rich manganese-based precursor material having high dispersity and a high specific surface area is obtained.

The present application belongs to the technical field of superalloys. Disclosed is a preparation method for a nickel-based superalloy. The present application solves the problem of a nickel-based superalloy in the prior art making it difficult to satisfy the comprehensive requirements of a component for both a long alloy endurance life and a low crack propagation rate. The preparation method comprises: step 1: performing smelting, so as to obtain a cast ingot; step 2: subjecting the cast ingot to a homogenizing heat treatment, wherein the homogenizing heat treatment comprises two sections of heat preservation; and after the second-section heat preservation, performing furnace cooling to 1000+ / -10°C or below, and then performing discharging and air cooling; step 3: preparing a bar blank and a forging piece by means of forging; step 4: performing a solution treatment; and step 5: performing a stabilization and aging treatment, so as to obtain a nickel-based superalloy. The nickel-based superalloy prepared by means of the method of the present application has a high strength, good low-cycle fatigue performance, a low crack propagation rate and excellent comprehensive performance.

The invention relates to the technical field of analysis and detection, in particular to a micro-area distribution detection method for micro and / or trace component elements in nickel-based single crystal superalloy. According to the method, the conventional common element distribution detection means (EPMA, EDS, TOF-SIMS, TEM and EELS) are combined, the detection limit and the detection advantages are referred, different devices are reasonably utilized by analyzing different phase structure characteristics, quantitative or semi-quantitative element micro-area distribution analysis is quickly and effectively realized, the use requirements on high-precision devices are reduced, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. And the cost and the test difficulty are greatly reduced.

The invention discloses a precise etching method for a nickel-based high-temperature alloy core plate micro-channel, and belongs to the field of metal chemical etching. According to the method, the mask pattern is optimized, the formulas of the etching liquid and the anti-lateral etching liquid are accurately designed, key parameters such as the etching temperature, the etching time and the spraying pressure are strictly controlled, the anti-lateral etching liquid is designed to form the protective film layer on the side wall of the groove, the lateral etching phenomenon is inhibited by combining the process of alternately spraying the etching liquid and the anti-lateral etching liquid, the etching efficiency and stability are improved, and the etching quality is improved. And meanwhile, the surface quality is optimized, high-precision etching processing of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy core plate micro-channel is realized, and the lateral erosion phenomenon caused by isotropy of wet etching is inhibited.

The invention belongs to the field of metal material processing, and particularly relates to a nuclear power nickel base alloy welding wire and a preparation method thereof.The nuclear power nickel base alloy welding wire comprises, by weight, 0.01%-0.05% of C, 0.10%-0.30% of Si, 28.5%-30.5% of Cr, 7.0%-11.0% of Fe, smaller than or equal to 0.10% of Co, 0.50%-1.00% of W, 3.0%-4.0% of Mo, 0.005%-0.010% of B, 0.1%-0.3% of Al, 0.1%-0.2% of Ti, 0.005%-0.020% of Zr, 2.0%-2.5% of Nb, 0.1%-0.5% of Ta, 0.20%-0.30% of RE, smaller than 0.005% of S, smaller than 0.005% of P, 2.0%-4.0% of nano ceramic materials and the balance Ni, the nickel-based alloy welding material is prepared through the steps of smelting, high-low temperature refining, annealing, forging, rolling, multi-pass drawing, annealing, solid solution-aging treatment, acid pickling, coating and plating, and the problems that in the prior art, when used for welding, a nickel-based alloy welding material is prone to cracks, and the strength is low due to hot corrosion can be effectively solved.

The invention relates to a narrow particle size distribution nickel-rich precursor, a preparation method thereof and a positive electrode material, the preparation method is a co-precipitation method, accurate regulation and control of precursor crystal nucleation and growth are realized by adjusting process conditions of different reaction stages and metal solution feeding flow and complexing agent types in different reaction stages, and the nickel-rich precursor with the narrow particle size distribution is obtained. The nickel-rich precursor with uniform morphology and good sphericity degree and narrow particle size distribution is finally obtained, so that the electrochemical performance of the positive electrode material is remarkably improved; moreover, the preparation method provided by the invention does not need to adopt specific reaction kettle equipment, does not need a complicated kettle separation process, is simple and controllable in preparation process, and is easy for industrial production.

The invention discloses high-crystallinity superfine nickel powder and a preparation method thereof.The generation size of nickel powder in a liquid phase is adjusted through ultrasonic waves, molten salt heat treatment is combined to obtain the high-crystallinity superfine nickel powder, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps that an aqueous solution in which a nickel precursor is dissolved is mixed with a reducing agent; under the action of ultrasonic waves, an alkaline solution is added for a reaction, and nickel powder particles with the adjustable particle size are prepared; and then uniformly mixing the nickel powder with combined salts in different proportions, carrying out heat treatment at different temperatures, and cleaning and separating a cooled product to finally obtain the high-crystallinity superfine nickel powder with the size of 100-200nm. The nickel powder has good size uniformity, oxidation resistance and thermal shrinkage resistance, and can be applied to various fields such as conductive paste, metal electrodes and magnetic shielding materials.

A method of synthesis of single crystal nickel-rich cathode materials can include preparing a precursor solution by dissolving lithium nitrate, nickel nitrate, manganese nitrate, and cobalt nitrate in water, aerosolizing the solution of a) in a stream of air using an ultrasonic sprayer, preheating the resulting droplets, premixing the droplets with methane, decomposing the droplets by passing through a co-flow burner, depositing solid particles on a filter, and calcinating the solid particles in a furnace in oxygen to produce a single crystal cathode material.

The invention belongs to the field of nickel-based alloy materials, and discloses a precipitation hardening type nickel-based alloy welding wire and a preparation method thereof.The precipitation hardening type nickel-based alloy welding wire comprises, by mass, 50%-60% of nickel, 15%-20% of chromium, 15%-20% of iron, 2%-4% of molybdenum, 2%-5% of niobium, 0.01%-2% of tantalum, 0.2%-2% of aluminum, 0.5%-1.2% of titanium, 0.03%-0.08% of carbon, 0.1%-0.5% of manganese, 0.1%-0.5% of silicon, 0.01%-0.05% of magnesium, 0.01%-0.05% of yttrium, 0.5%-2% of tungsten, 0.1%-0.6% of cobalt, 0.001%-0.02% of boron and the balance impurities; according to the precipitation hardening type nickel-based alloy welding wire and the preparation method thereof, through component optimization and process innovation, the nickel-based alloy welding wire with high-temperature strength, excellent hot crack resistance and welding toughness is provided.

A catalyst may include a metal oxide substrate comprising a nickel species, wherein an exposed surface of the catalyst comprises at least some of the nickel species and the exposed surface is substantially nonporous.

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy performance prediction, in particular to a nickel-based superalloy creep prediction method considering hot corrosion environment damage, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a nickel-based superalloy test piece; calibrating an equivalent hot corrosion damage coefficient according to data of the hot corrosion-creep test; calculating equivalent hot corrosion damage according to the thickness of the control element depletion layer and the equivalent hot corrosion damage coefficient; acquiring a creep constitutive model; equivalent hot corrosion damage is introduced into the creep constitutive model, and a hot corrosion-creep constitutive model is obtained; and according to the hot corrosion-creep constitutive model, predicting the creep of the hot corrosion environment damage of the nickel-based superalloy. According to the method, the creep life of the nickel-based superalloy in the hot corrosion environment can be predicted to be within 1.2 times of an error scattering band, and the creep damage condition of the nickel-based superalloy in the hot corrosion environment can be reflected.

The invention relates to the technical field of heat sink materials, in particular to a modified gold tin-hard gold plated heat sink material and a preparation method and application thereof. Comprising a first heat sink layer, a nickel plating layer, a gold plating layer, a gold-tin solder layer, a gold plating layer, a nickel plating layer, a second heat sink layer, a nickel plating layer, a hard gold plating layer and a modified gold-tin-silicon solder layer which are sequentially connected from bottom to top. The first heat sink layer is made of oxygen-free copper, the second heat sink layer is made of molybdenum copper or tungsten copper, and the hard gold plating layer comprises a nickel plating layer and a tungsten titanium gold plating layer which are sequentially connected from bottom to top. Tungsten and titanium are introduced into the gold-plated layer on the surface of the heat sink material, so that the hardness and corrosion resistance of the gold-plated layer are remarkably enhanced; a small amount of silicon is doped into the gold-tin solder, so that the shaping processing performance of the gold-tin brittle solder is improved; one-time forming of the solder-heat sink composite material is achieved in a vacuum thermocompression welding mode, and the problem of cavities or overflow caused by solder size errors in the welding process is solved.

A spherical ball joint has an outer ring 2 of a nickel based material with a carbonitriding layer on a spherical inner surface 2a sliding on an inner ring 3 of a cobalt-based or nickel-based material

The invention discloses a nickel-based alloy additive manufacturing method for high-frequency ultrasonic dynamic forging printing. The method comprises the steps that nickel-based alloy powder and a base plate are pretreated; scanning the nickel-based alloy powder layer by layer through laser to form a molten pool; in the machining process of each layer, when the temperature of the molten pool ranges from 1000 DEG C to 1400 DEG C, ultrasonic waves are activated to generate compound vibration; the composite vibration comprises axial vibration and transverse vibration; when the ultrasonic vibration phase difference reaches a preset first interval, short pulse laser is triggered; the ultrasonic vibration phase difference is a phase deviation between an ultrasonic vibration waveform and a pulse laser shock triggering moment; and until all layers are machined, a formed part is obtained. According to the scheme, the dislocation density is improved, secondary grain refinement and bubble escape are achieved, and interlayer stress redistribution is made uniform.

The invention discloses a method for recovering metal from high-nickel copper fire refining slag and application of the method, and relates to the technical field of metal metallurgy. Comprising the following steps: carrying out weak acid arsenic leaching on the copper fire refining slag to obtain arsenic-removed leaching slag and arsenic-containing copper liquid; copper removal is carried out on the arsenic-containing copper liquid to obtain a copper-containing material and copper-removed liquid, and arsenic precipitation is carried out on the copper-removed liquid; the arsenic-removed leaching residues are subjected to oxidation copper leaching to obtain copper leaching residues and a copper sulfate solution, and the copper leaching residues are subjected to reduction vulcanization smelting to obtain nickel matte, tin-antimony smoke dust and smelting residues. According to the method, the cost of separation of copper and arsenic in the raw materials can be reduced, the problem of furnace caking caused in the reduction smelting process is avoided, the obtained copper sulfate solution serves as electrolyte replenishing liquid to be applied to the copper electrolysis process, and the influence on the self-purification process of electrolyte is small. According to the method, nickel and copper are enriched in matte nickel through reduction vulcanization smelting, then copper-nickel separation is conducted through the post-treatment process, the post-treatment process is shorter, nickel recovery is achieved while copper recovery is guaranteed, and better economic benefits are achieved.

The invention provides a cobalt-containing nickel-based high-temperature alloy GH4098 wide cold-rolled sheet and a manufacturing method thereof. The GH4098 cold-rolled sheet comprises, by mass, 17.50%-19.50% of Cr, 5%-8% of Co, 5.5%-7.0% of W, 3.5%-5.0% of Mo, 2.50%-3.0% of Al, 1.0%-1.5% of Ti, smaller than or equal to 3.00% of Fe, smaller than or equal to 1.50% of Nb, smaller than or equal to 0.30% of Mn, smaller than or equal to 0.30% of Si, smaller than or equal to 0.10% of C, smaller than or equal to 0.015% of S and smaller than or equal to 0.015% of P. The manufacturing method comprises the steps that S1, a plate blank is forged, the forging frequency and temperature are controlled in a light hammer and fast beating mode, and a uniform forged blank is prepared; s2, hot-rolling cogging: heating through a sheath and closing cooling water for rolling to obtain a hot-rolled semi-finished product; and S3, cold rolling machining is conducted, specifically, the wide cold-rolled sheet is manufactured through the repeated cold rolling and intermediate solution heat treatment alternating technology. Through component optimization and process improvement, the strength, plasticity and grain size uniformity of the material are remarkably improved, the manufactured wide cold-rolled sheet is smooth in surface and high in glossiness and can meet the performance requirements in the fields of aerospace and high-end manufacturing, and meanwhile the problems of edge cracking and non-uniform performance in wide plate production in the prior art are solved.

The invention discloses a nickel-based alloy composite plate and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nickel-based alloys, the nickel-based alloy composite plate comprises a stainless steel bottom plate and a nickel-based alloy plate, and the nickel-based alloy plate comprises, by weight, 52-58 parts of nickel powder, 17-21 parts of molybdenum powder, 8-12 parts of copper powder, 7-9 parts of boron powder, 2-3 parts of modified hafnium carbide powder, 4-7 parts of an alloy reinforcing agent and 2-3 parts of a fluxing agent. The modified hafnium carbide prepared from hafnium oxide and nano carbon powder successfully replaces metal hafnium with high cost in the traditional process; and meanwhile, the actual adding proportion of the modified hafnium carbide in the nickel-based alloy plate is greatly reduced, the cost of industrial mass production is doubly reduced from the two aspects of raw material selection and dosage control, and the economic requirement of large-scale production is better met.

The invention deals with a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a composition comprising of the following elements, expressed in percentage by weight: 0.0001% ≤ Carbon ≤ 0.007 % 0.15% ≤ Manganese ≤ 0.7% 3% ≤ Silicon ≤ 3.6% 0.7% ≤ Aluminum ≤ 1.3 % Phosphorus ≤ 0.15 % Sulfur ≤ 0.006% Nitrogen ≤ 0.09% with 3.85% ≤ Si+Al+Mn ≤ 5.5% and can contain one or more of the following optional elements 0% ≤ Niobium ≤ 0.1% 0% ≤ Titanium ≤ 0.1% 0% ≤ Vanadium ≤ 0.1% 0% ≤ Chromium ≤ 1% 0% ≤ Molybdenum ≤ 0.5% 0% ≤ Tungsten≤ 0.1% 0% ≤ Cobalt ≤ 1% 0% ≤ Arsenic ≤ 0.05% 0.001% ≤ Calcium ≤ 0.01% 0% ≤ Copper ≤ 1% 0% ≤ Nickel ≤ 1% 0 % ≤ Boron ≤ 0.05% 0 % ≤ Lead ≤ 0.2% 0% ≤ Tin≤ 0.2% 0% ≤Antimony ≤ 0.2% the remainder composition being composed of iron and unavoidable impurities caused by processing, the microstructure of said steel sheet being made of ferrite and comprising in area fraction, 80% to 100% recrystallized microstructure, 0% to 20% non-recrystallized microstructure wherein the average grain size of recrystallized microstructure is from 20 microns to 110microns and having a percentage of eddy current losses in total iron losses, measured at 1 T and 400 Hz according to IEC 60404-2 standards, from 30 to 40% when calculated in accordance with Bertotti method.

The invention discloses an ultralow-temperature high-toughness copper alloy material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ultralow-temperature high-toughness non-ferrous metal materials. The material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-25% of nickel (Ni); manganese (Mn): 2-6%; 2.5%-6.5% of aluminum (Al); 0.2-1.0% of phosphorus (P), and the balance of copper and inevitable impurities. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing materials (pure Cu, pure nickel and pure manganese), melting, preserving heat, cooling, melting Cu-P intermediate alloy and pure aluminum, preserving heat, casting and molding, forging, and carrying out solid solution aging heat treatment. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: by adding strengthening elements such as aluminum, phosphorus, nickel and the like, the obtained material can still maintain high toughness at ultralow temperature, and is applicable to the fields of mechanical equipment, spaceflight, traffic and the like applied in extremely cold and ultralow temperature environments.

The invention relates to the field of design and preparation of powder metallurgy friction materials, in particular to a copper-based powder metallurgy friction material and a preparation method thereof. Raw materials used in the method comprise, by mass, 45%-55% of copper powder, 8%-20% of iron powder, 6%-15% of ferrochromium, 16%-22% of graphite, 0.5%-4% of molybdenum disulfide, 0.5%-4% of tin sulfide and 0.5%-4% of nickel-coated tungsten disulfide, and the mass ratio of the tin sulfide to the nickel-coated tungsten disulfide is (1-2): (1-2). In the nickel-coated tungsten disulfide, the content of nickel is 5-40%; the sum of the total amount of molybdenum disulfide, nickel-coated tungsten disulfide and tin sulfide is less than or equal to 5%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing raw material powder according to the designed components, mixing, pressing and sintering to obtain the product. The composition design has the characteristics of scientificity, simple and controllable process and the like, and the obtained product has excellent tribological performance and completely meets the friction braking requirement of high-speed heavy-load equipment of 400km / h and above.