Catalyst systems comprising a
metal-ligand complex having a structure according to Formula (I): where M is a
metal chosen from
scandium or
yttrium; X is chosen from
silicon or
germanium; L is a monodentate or bidentate ligand selected from the group consisting of (C1−C30) hydrocarbyl, (C1−C30) heterohydrocarbyl, (C6−C30)
aryl, (C3−C30) heteroaryl,
halogen and –H; and Z is a Lewis base. R1, R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of (C1−C30) hydrocarbyl, (C1−C30) heterohydrocarbyl, (C6−C30)
aryl, (C3−C30) heteroaryl, −ORC, −Si(RC)3, −Ge(RC)3,
halogen, and –H; R5, R6, R7, and R8 are independently selected from the group consisting of (C1−C30) hydrocarbyl, (C1−C30) heterohydrocarbyl, (C6−C30)
aryl, (C3−C30) heteroaryl, −ORC, −Si(RC)3, −Ge(RC)3,
halogen, and –H; R9 and R10 are independently selected from the group consisting of (C1−C30)hydrocarbyl, (C1−C30) heterohydrocarbyl, (C6−C30)aryl, (C3−C30) heteroaryl, −ORC, −Si(RC)3, −Ge(RC)3, halogen, and –H; and each RC is independently selected from the group consisting of (C1−C30) hydrocarbyl, (C1−C30) heterohydrocarbyl, (C6−C30)aryl, (C3−C30) heteroaryl, and –H.