245 results about "Oxidation state" patented technology

The intelligent cutting method comprises the steps that the temperature gradient change rate is analyzed according to temperature distribution data, a key area where an oxidation reaction is likely to happen is determined in combination with geometrical characteristics, and target monitoring area data are obtained; obtaining reflection spectrum information of the cutting area and comparison spectrum information of the adjacent non-cutting area according to the target monitoring area data, and obtaining spectrum characteristic data; performing space-time collaborative analysis on the spectral feature data, extracting a spectral feature change value, and combining the spectral feature change value with the diffusion rate of the oxidation reaction to obtain oxidation state prediction data; and according to the oxidation state prediction data, the cutting power is adjusted in different regions, the flow field parameters of the protective gas are dynamically compensated, and cutting of the titanium alloy structural part is executed. According to the technical scheme, through spectrum monitoring and space-time collaborative analysis, dynamic prediction and accurate regulation and control of the oxidation reaction are achieved, the problem that laser energy coupling is not stable due to the surface oxidation reaction is solved, and the cutting quality is guaranteed.

A positive electrode active material may include a compound represented by formula 1 or formula 2: Li1.10Mn0.52Ni(0.38-x)A(x-a)MaO2 (1), Li1.12Mn0.51Ni(0.37-x)A(x-a)MaO2 (2). A is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, M is W+6, Ta+5, V+5, or a combination thereof, 0<x<0.1, 0<a<0.04, and 3.8<average oxidation state of Mn ion<4.0.

The invention provides a mineralogical substance composition testing method and system based on multispectral data fusion. The method comprises the following steps: separating out a first characteristic interference signal caused by the oxidation state of an iron element and a second characteristic interference signal caused by the oxidation state of a manganese element by adopting wavelet transform in a superposition region of a Raman spectrum signal and a visible light absorption spectrum; performing spatial weighting on the intensity of the first feature interference signal and the intensity of the second feature interference signal to construct a multi-dimensional feature vector, inputting the multi-dimensional feature vector to a pre-trained residual neural network, and combining a radioactivity attenuation parameter measured by a gamma spectrometer to determine the radioactivity attenuation of the first feature interference signal and the second feature interference signal. And generating a mineralogical substance composition test result containing a mineral phase, an isomorphic substitution ratio, color cause analysis data and a radiation safety level. According to the method, the collaborative interpretation of the multispectral data and the radiation parameters can be realized, the mineral component analysis precision is improved, the color formation mechanism is synchronously analyzed, and the radioactive risk level is quantitatively evaluated.

The invention relates to a sodium layered oxide of formula I: NaxM1a + i-y-z-n M2b + yM3c + zM4d + nO2 wherein: M1a +, M2b +, M3c + and M4d + are different transition metal ions or mixtures thereof, x is a number ranging from 0.5 to less than 1; y, z and n are numbers ranging from 0.01 to 0.85; y + z + n is less than 1; a, b, c and d are the corresponding oxidation numbers of the transition metal ions M1, M2, M3 and M4 respectively; the cumulative oxidation state a * (1-y-z-n) + (b * y) + (c * z) + (d * n) of the transition metal ions is equal to 4-x; and wherein the sodium layered oxide of formula I is not P2-Na < 2 > / 3 > Ni < 1 / 4 > Mn < 1 / 2 > Ti < 1 / 6 > Zn < 1 / 12 > O < 2 >, P2-Na < 2 > / 3 > Ni < 1 / 4 > Mn < 1 / 2 > Ti < 1 / 6 > Mg < 1 / 12 > O < 2 >, or P2-Na < 2 > / 3 > Ni < 1 / 4 > Mn < 1 / 2 > Ti < 1 / 6 > Mg < 1 / 12 > O < 2 >.

The mineralogical, chemical, magnetic, and physical properties of a rock can be used to determine the amount of hydrogen that was generated during rock alteration and the remaining amount of hydrogen generation potential. The methodologies evaluate the hydrogen generation potential of geological samples and identify natural hydrogen source rocks. The mineralogy, elemental composition, iron content and oxidation state, and other properties of a geological sample may be determined. From the determined mineralogy and other properties of the geological sample, the amount of hydrogen which the geological sample may have generated may be quantified. This method can determine the maturity of hydrogen source rocks, the potential volume of hydrogen that can be generated in other parts of a given geologic province with higher degrees of hydrogen source rock maturity, and quantify the potential remaining volume of hydrogen that can be still be generated via secondary enhanced hydrogen stimulation processes.

The invention relates to the technical field of photochemistry, in particular to a viologen derivative and a synthesis method and application thereof. The structural general formula is as shown in the formula: # imgabs0 #; wherein R1 and R2 both comprise one of alkyl, biphenyl and polyethylene oxide; x-comprises a monovalent anion. According to the invention, phosphorus is introduced into viologen molecules, and a formed polycyclic system not only effectively stabilizes free radicals of the viologen molecules in an oxidation state, but also avoids dimerization of the viologen molecules. Meanwhile, the original absorption wavelength of viologen molecules can be changed by adding the phosphorus element, so that the color of the product is adjusted, and the development of a multi-color electrochromic product is realized.

The present invention relates to the field of electrocatalytic reduction technology, and specifically discloses a copper-silver composite catalyst and its preparation method and application. The copper-silver composite catalyst is a core-shell structure with a copper-silver mixture as a core and copper as a shell, wherein the copper of the copper-silver mixture in the core is in a metallic state or a monovalent state, and the copper in the shell is in an oxidized state. The preparation process is to immerse an organic binuclear copper precursor and silver nanoparticles in a solvent, dry them, and then roast them. The present invention constructs a tandem reaction from the Ag active site to the Cu active site, which can effectively exert the good hydrogen evolution reaction inhibition effect of the silver-based catalyst and the superior C-C coupling performance of the copper-based catalyst. When applied to the carbon dioxide electroreduction system, it can induce the reaction to develop towards a multi-carbon product path through the copper-silver synergistic effect, and finally achieve a higher C 2+ Product selectivity.

Techniques disclosed herein relate to sol-gel materials that include at least one metal halide precursor and at least one alcohol. After being annealed, the metal in the metal halide is in at least two different oxidation states, both of which are stable and transparent to visible light. By producing a mixture of the same metal in multiple oxidation states that are all transparent to visible light, an amorphous state of the sol-gel material without any noticeable domain formation that would otherwise distribute stress locally and lead to voiding inside nano-gratings to be overcoated is obtained. Highly condensed states of the sol-gel have refractive index values in the 1.7-2.2 range, without sacrificing recessed-feature fill.

The invention provides a vanadium-doped TS-1 molecular sieve catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. According to the catalyst, a novel V / TS-1 catalyst is formed by doping vanadium metal heteroatoms with a unique electronic structure and catalytic characteristics into a TS-1 molecular sieve framework. According to the method, the doped vanadium atoms have multiple oxidation states, and the reaction can be effectively promoted through the oxidation-reduction characteristic in the catalysis process. Meanwhile, titanium (Ti) and vanadium (V) atoms in the catalyst can generate a synergistic effect in the molecular sieve structure, and the effect can significantly enhance the catalytic ability of the catalyst, especially the catalytic application in olefin oxidation reaction. Tests show that the V / TS-1 molecular sieve catalyst shows excellent catalytic performance in the olefin oxidation process, and has high activity and high selectivity.

The invention belongs to the technical field of tin ion detection, and provides a method for detecting tin ions based on Ce-UiO-66-NO2 nano enzyme. The method comprises the following steps: mixing Ce-UiO-66-NO2 nano-enzyme with colorless 3, 3 ', 5, 5'-tetramethyl benzidine (TMB) to generate blue oxidation-state TMB, then adding a sample containing tin ions (Sn < 2 + >), and reducing the oxidation-state TMB by utilizing the strong reducibility of the tin ions (Sn < 2 + >), so that the color of the solution becomes light; the tin ions (Sn < 2 + >) are qualitatively detected according to color change, or the tin ions (Sn < 2 + >) are quantitatively detected by utilizing a linear relation between the change of the absorbance value of the solution before and after the tin ions (Sn < 2 + >) are added and the concentration of the tin ions (Sn < 2 + >). The method has the advantages of low detection limit, high selectivity and good stability, and realizes the purpose of rapid detection of tin ions in tap water.

The invention discloses a catalyst for preparing benzophenone compounds and a preparation method and application of the catalyst, the catalyst is alkaline manganese oxide and is expressed as aZOx.bMnO2, Z is any one of lithium, potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium; x is the number of oxygen atoms required by the oxidation state of the metal element Z; a and b are respectively the atom number of Z and Mn in the catalyst, and the atom number ratio of Z to Mn in the catalyst is 0.2-10. According to the catalyst provided by the invention, the preparation method is simple, the benzophenone or halogenated benzophenone can be prepared by catalyzing efficient oxidation of diphenylmethane and halogenated diphenylmethane containing a passivation group, the catalyst activity is high, the product selectivity is high, the product is easy to separate, and the catalyst can be recycled.

The application provides a method for synthesizing adiponitrile by selective ammoxidation of epoxycyclohexane. The purpose of the application is to simulate and optimize the process of synthesizing adiponitrile by one-step direct ammoxidation of epoxycyclohexane, and to develop a new type of multiphase composite metal vanadium-based oxide catalyst, which is composed of Co a V b P c Mo d MNOx / TiO2, the active elements of which include vanadium element V, cobalt element Co, phosphorus element P and molybdenum element Mo, M is an auxiliary metal element (Mn, Cr, Fe or Ni), N is an alkali metal (Na, K or Cs); the value range of a is 0.2-1.2; the value range of b is 0.8-1.5; the value range of c is 0.1-0.23; the value range of d is 0.07-0.35; x is the proportion of oxygen atoms required to meet the oxidation state of metal. The catalyst has the advantages of simple preparation, good cycle stability, high yield and the like. The yield and product purity of adiponitrile are improved, the energy consumption in the production process of adiponitrile is reduced, and a breakthrough is realized in the production technology of adiponitrile.

This invention relates to the field of catalyst technology, specifically to an iron-based catalyst, its preparation method and application, and the FTO reaction. The catalyst comprises a support and an active component. The active component, expressed as an oxide, has the following general chemical formula: Fe 100 Mn a Nb b Cs c A d B e O x A is selected from Group VIII nonferrous metals and / or Group VIB elements; B is selected from La series elements; the value of a ranges from 30.0 to 130.0; the value of b ranges from 1.0 to 20.0; the value of c ranges from 0.1 to 10.0; the value of d ranges from 1.0 to 60.0; the value of e ranges from 0.1 to 10.0; x is the total number of oxygen atoms required to satisfy the oxidation states of each element in the catalyst. The iron-based catalyst of this invention exhibits excellent resistance to carbon deposition during use, and when used in the FTO reaction, it can achieve high CO feedstock conversion and C2-C4 olefin selectivity.

The application relates to a catalyst for catalytically synthesizing propylene acid from propane and application thereof, and the catalyst is represented by the following general formula: Mo a V b Te c Nb d Ni e O x Wherein, a, b, c, d and e respectively represent the atom numbers of Mo, V, Te, Nb and Ni, and the molar ratio of a:b:c:d:e is 7.0-9.0:1.7-2.5:1.0-1.5:1.7-2.3:0.1-1.0, and the value of x is determined by the oxidation state of each element; Ni is introduced by nickel molybdate, Mo is introduced by a molybdate and the nickel molybdate, and the nickel molybdate is prepared by co-precipitation of a molybdate and a nickel salt in the presence of an organic acid. According to the application, the content of different valence metals on the surface of the catalyst can be adjusted by introducing nickel into the catalyst through nickel molybdate, so that the content of high-valence elements Mo 6+ , V 5+ and Ni 2+ in the catalyst and the oxygen vacancy are increased, and the redox capacity of the catalyst is enhanced.

This invention relates to the field of encryption and anti-counterfeiting technology, specifically to a method for preparing and using an organic Sn(IV)-based metal halide reversible light-emitting conversion triple anti-counterfeiting material, comprising introducing organic ligands into a Sn(IV)X4 lattice and doping with ns 2 This invention uses Sn(IV) with a high oxidation state to replace Pb(II) in order to obtain anti-counterfeiting materials. 4+ The outer electron configuration is 4d 10 5s 0 The absence of unstable 5s orbitals gives Sn(IV)-based metal halides their typically excellent environmental and thermal stability, providing the compounds with a rigid crystal structure and stereochemical inertness. Furthermore, through ns... 2 Type Sb metal ions 3+ Doping strategies are employed to enhance the luminescence efficiency of low-dimensional organotin (IV)-based metal halides. This invention utilizes Sb... 3+ Ion doping methods are used to modulate the optical properties of compounds. Sb 3+ Ions belong to ns 2 Type metal ions and Sn 4+ With similar ionic radii and unique photophysical properties, it solves the problem of low luminous efficiency in existing luminescent materials.

Techniques disclosed herein relate to sol-gel materials that include at least one metal halide precursor and at least one alcohol. After being annealed, the metal in the metal halide is in at least two different oxidation states, both of which are stable and transparent to visible light. By producing a mixture of the same metal in multiple oxidation states that are all transparent to visible light, an amorphous state of the sol-gel material without any noticeable domain formation that would otherwise distribute stress locally and lead to voiding inside nano-gratings to be overcoated is obtained. Highly condensed states of the sol-gel have refractive index values in the 1.7-2.2 range, without sacrificing recessed-feature fill.

A particulate cathode active material comprising (A) a base material according to the general formula Li1 + xTM1-xO2, where TM is a combination of Ni with at least one of Mn, Co and Al, and optionally at least another metal selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta and W, and x is in the range of 0 to 0.2, and (B) crystallites of one or more cobalt compounds, where at least some of the cobalt is in the oxidation state of + III, where the base material (A) is a polycrystalline material, where x is greater than 0 and less than 1. The secondary particles of which consist of primary particles, and crystallites (B) of a cobalt compound are coated on the outer surfaces of these secondary particles, and one or more cobalt compounds are enriched at the surfaces of the primary particles in the voids between adjacent primary particles, and wherein 90% to 99.5% of the secondary particles exhibit such cobalt compound enrichment, all the detection results are determined through EDX and SEM / TEM imaging.

The invention discloses an automatic activator selection device and method based on the surface oxidation state of pyrite, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the online detection of the spectrums of Fe, S and O elements on the surface of pyrite in ore pulp through laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, constructing comprehensive oxidation criterion parameters according to the spectrums, and judging the oxidation grade of the parameters; then making a decision in real time and precisely adding a matched copper ion or lead ion activating agent; quantitative recognition of the mineral surface state and automatic control of activating agent adding are combined, so that objectification and precision of activating agent selection are achieved, agent waste caused by erroneous judgment of artificial experience is effectively avoided, the quick response capacity to ore property fluctuation is greatly improved, and the method is suitable for industrial production. Therefore, the flotation index of the pyrite is stabilized and optimized.

A positive electrode active material can include a compound represented by formula 1 or formula 2: Li 1,10 Mn 0,52 Ni (0,38-x) A (x-a) M a O2 (1), Li 1,12 Mn 0,51 Ni (0,37-x) A (x-a) M a O2 (2). A stands for Co, Cr or a combination thereof, M stands for W +6 , Ta +5 , V +5 or a combination thereof, 0 < x < 0.1, 0 < a < 0.04 and 3.8 < mean oxidation state of Mn ion < 4.0.

This invention relates to a selective gold-based oxidation catalyst, its preparation method, and its application; the catalyst comprises components represented by general formula (1): Au-Sc a / Si b Ce c X d O e In formula (1), a is the molar ratio of Sc to Au, with a value of 0.1 to 1.0; b is the molar ratio of Si to Au, with a value of 100 to 500; c is the molar ratio of Ce to Au, with a value of 1.0 to 30.0; d is the molar ratio of X to Au, with a value of 0.1 to 2.0; e is the number of oxygen atoms required to satisfy the oxidation states of each element in the active component; X is selected from at least one of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. The catalyst of the present invention is used for selective oxidation, with high yield of target product and high conversion rate of raw materials. For example, it has the characteristics of high conversion rate of methacrolein and high yield of methyl methacrylate in the synthesis of alkyl acrylates.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production catalysts, and relates to a metal monatomic hydrogen evolution catalyst and a preparation method thereof.The catalyst comprises a large number of metal monatomic and a small number of metal clusters, metal is in an oxidation state in the catalyst, and crystalline PMA exists in the catalyst; c60 and PMA structures coexist in the catalyst; the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively dissolving an acetylacetone metal complex, phosphomolybdic acid and fullerene in a toluene solution of a 4A type molecular sieve, respectively and sequentially mixing, magnetically stirring, washing and centrifuging to obtain the metal monatomic hydrogen evolution catalyst; the metal monatomic hydrogen evolution catalyst disclosed by the invention has excellent HER performance, a PMA-M-C60 catalyst with high loading capacity and high dispersion of metal monatomic bridging C60 and PMA is realized through a room-temperature synthesis strategy, and the catalysis cost is lower.

The invention discloses a cobalt-doped ruthenium dioxide nanoparticle material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to a ruthenium dioxide nanoparticle material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The nano-particle cluster is formed by irregularly distributing nano-particles; the nanoparticles have a single-phase crystal structure, and the spacing distribution of {110} crystal faces is 0.315 nm; the material is composed of three elements of Co, Ru and O, wherein Co is doped into RuO2 to form Co < 0.3 > Ru0. 7O2 nanoparticles; the material is of an octahedral structure, and Ru sites are replaced by Co doping; the chemical valence state of Ru on the surface of the material is a mixed valence state of + 3 and + 4; charge transfer occurs among three ions of Co, Ru and O, so that Ru is in a lower oxidation state. The cobalt-doped ruthenium dioxide nanoparticle material is used for electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen, and shows 2500-hour long-term stability under the current density of 10 mAcm <-2 >.

The present invention (A) General formula Li 1+x TM 1-x A core material made of O2, wherein TM is a combination of Ni, Al, at least one of Mn and Co, and at least one metal optionally selected from Mg, Zr, Ti, Nb, Ta and W, x is in the range of 0 to 0.2, and at least 80 mol% of TM is nickel. (B) A coating containing at least one boron compound in the oxidized state of (B)+III, Regarding cathode active materials containing, Here, the core material (A) is a polycrystalline material composed of primary particles as secondary particles, and the lattice constant ratio c / a determined by X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement is 4.9420 or less. 0.0009 ≤ λ ≤ 0.0024, where λ is the molar ratio of sulfate to TM determined by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP), and the sulfate concentration is essentially constant across the secondary particle size.

The invention provides a rapid and high-precision determination method for reduction-state Os isotope. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a sample to be detected and carrying out ultrafine crushing; weighing the ground to-be-detected sample, and sealing and dissolving the sample; taking out the dissolved to-be-detected sample, and adding isometric hydrobromic acid to convert oxidation state Os into reduction state Os; carrying out acid removal and constant volume on the reduced-state Os solution; establishing a cup structure for static determination of the Os isotope, and performing MC-ICP-MS determination of the reduction state Os isotope according to the cup structure. According to the present invention, the dissolved to-be-tested sample is creatively taken out, and the isometric hydrobromic acid is added so as to convert the oxidation state Os into the reduction state Os, such that the memory effect can be substantially reduced, the efficiency can be improved, the research cost and the research time can be reduced when the MC-ICP-MS is adopted to rapidly and precisely measure the Os isotope, and the method is suitable for the mass sample test.

Techniques disclosed herein relate to sol-gel materials that include at least one metal halide precursor and at least one alcohol. After being annealed, the metal in the metal halide is in at least two different oxidation states, both of which are stable and transparent to visible light.

A compound represented by the formula (1): XOa (1) where X = NbbSrc, NbbPd, NbbSrcPd, or SrcPd, wherein, when X = NbbSrc, the ratio of c:b is from 1:100 to 0.95:1 or from 1.05:1 to 100:1, wherein, when X = NbbPd, the ratio of b:d is from 1:100 to 0.45:1 or from 0.55:1 to 100:1, wherein, when X = NbbSrcPd, the ratio of c:b is from 1:100 to 100:1 and the ratio of b:d is from 1:100 to 2.95:1, wherein, when X = SrcPd, the ratio of c:d is from 1:100 to 1:3.05, from 1:2.95 to 1:1.05, or from 1.55:1 to 100:1, and wherein any niobium present within the compound is in the 4+ oxidation state.

A compound having a formula M(LA)x(LB)y(LC)z, where ligand LA isligand LB isand ligand LC isis disclosed. In formula M(LA)x(LB)y(LC)z, M is a metal having an atomic number greater than 40; x is 1 or 2; y and z are independently 0, 1, or 2; x+y+z is the oxidation state of the metal M; A1-A8 are carbon or nitrogen; ring B is bonded to ring A through a C—C bond; M is bonded to ring A through a M-C bond; X is O, S, Se, CRR′, or NR1; rings C and D are each independently a 5 or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; at least one R4 is a five-membered or six-membered heterocyclic ring which can be further substituted by RE; each R substituent is independently selected from the several substituents; and any adjacent R substitutents are optionally joined to form a ring.

The invention belongs to the technical field of two-dimensional nano materials, and relates to an MXene material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a novel and efficient MXene material preparation method which is characterized in that a precursor MAX phase material, a chalcogenide element simple substance and an iodine simple substance are mixed and then subjected to a high-temperature reaction in a vacuum environment. According to the method, a chalcogenide and iodine are ingeniously utilized to generate iodide (such as SeI2 or TeI2) with strong oxidizing property in situ at a high temperature, the chalcogenide in a high oxidation state can selectively oxidize A-site atoms (such as Al) in an MAX phase, the A-site atoms are converted into volatile iodide (such as AlI3) and escape from a system, and therefore selective stripping of an A layer is achieved; and a two-dimensional Mn + 1Xn skeleton is formed. Meanwhile, the reduced chalcogenide is directly bonded to the surface of MXene as a terminal group, and the functionalized MXene material with the chalcogenide terminal group (-S,-Se or-Te) is synthesized in one step.

The mineralogical, chemical, magnetic, and physical properties of a rock can be used to determine the amount of hydrogen that was generated during rock alteration and the remaining amount of hydrogen generation potential. The methodologies evaluate the hydrogen generation potential of geological samples and identify natural hydrogen source rocks. The mineralogy, elemental composition, iron content and oxidation state, and other properties of a geological sample may be determined. From the determined mineralogy and other properties of the geological sample, the amount of hydrogen which the geological sample may have generated may be quantified. This method can determine the maturity of hydrogen source rocks, the potential volume of hydrogen that can be generated in other parts of a given geologic province with higher degrees of hydrogen source rock maturity, and quantify the potential remaining volume of hydrogen that can be still be generated via secondary enhanced hydrogen stimulation processes.

A compound represented by one of the formulae:         BaaMobOc     (1),         ModPeOf     (2) or         BagMohPiOj     (3) wherein for formula (1) the ratio of a:b is from 1:100 to 100:1, wherein for formula (2) the ratio of d:e is from 1:100 to less than 1:1 or from greater than 1:1 to 100:1, wherein for formula (3) the ratio of g:h is from 1:100 to less than 1.5:1, wherein for formula (3) the ratio of g:i is from 1:100 to 100:1, wherein for formula (3) the ratio of h:i is from 1:100 to less than 1:2, or from greater than 1:2 to less than 2:1, or from greater than 2:1 to 100:1, and wherein the molybdenum present within the compound is in the 5+ oxidation state.