510results about How to "Increase surface area" patented technology

Systems, devices and methods for endoscopic procedures are provided involving accessing and manipulating tissues beyond the capabilities of traditional endoscopic instruments. Embodiments of the systems include an elongated main body which has one or more independently shape-lockable sections and a variety of instruments which are either built in to the main body or advanceable through lumens which extend through the main body. Such instruments may include scopes, suction instruments, aspiration instruments, tool arms, plicators, needles, graspers, and cutters, to name a few. The ability to steer and shapelock specific sections of the main body enables access to target locations which are typically challenging to reach and provides a stabilized platform to perform a desired procedure at the target location.

This invention provides novel nanofiber enhanced surface area substrates and structures comprising such substrates, as well as methods and uses for such substrates.

An ablation catheter for performing tissue ablation has an elongate shaft with a lumen. A tip ablation electrode is mounted on the distal end of the shaft. The tip electrode has walls that, together with the plug, define a chamber. The tip electrode has a fluid exit port. The catheter has a cooling fluid delivery system with a connection to a fluid source and a fluid delivery tube within the lumen of the elongate shaft. The fluid delivery tube penetrating said plug and delivers fluid to the fluid exit port. The catheter has a valve assembly in located in the chamber between the fluid delivery tube and the fluid exit port. The valve assembly prevents the flow of cooling fluid through the fluid delivery tube when in the closed position.

A moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) produces liquid products from a gaseous substrate of CO and/or CO₂/H₂ using a biomass that grows on the surface of carrier suspended in a fermentation broth into which the gaseous substrate is at least partially dissolved. The injection devices include gas spargers and preferably a high efficiency gas transfer system such as jet or slot aerator/gas transfer devices. The gas injection device creates eddy currents in the surrounding liquid for thoroughly mixing the fermentation broth in a fermentation vessel. Gas bubbles from the gas delivery device rise through the liquid surface and provide additional mixing and gas dissolution. The motion of gas and liquid keeps the biomass carrier moving can also provide sufficient shear so as to maintain the biofilm thickness on the biomass carrier media in the desirable range. The result of combining a MBBR system for gaseous components of CO and/or CO₂/H₂ with a highly efficient gas transfer system results in an economical and high product volumetric production rate system for producing liquid fuels such as ethanol.

A method of making a combustion turbine component includes forming a metallic body by direct metal fabrication (DMF) to have at least one surface portion defining a first plurality of surface cooling features each having a first dimension and at least one second surface cooling feature on at least one of the first plurality of surface cooling features and having a second dimension less than said first dimension and less than 200 μm. Forming the metallic body by DMF may include forming a plurality of metallic combustion turbine subcomponent greenbodies by DMF and assembling the plurality of metallic combustion turbine subcomponent greenbodies together to form a metallic greenbody assembly. The metallic greenbody assembly may be sintered to thereby form the metallic body.

An LED lamp includes a heatsink housing, a heatsink plate mounted on the heatsink housing, an LED module mounted on the heatsink plate, and a circuit board mounted in the heatsink housing and electrically connected to the LED module. Thus, when the LED module is operated, the heat produced by the LED module is transferred by a heat conduction of the heatsink plate and by a heat convection between the heatsink plate and the heatsink housing, so that the heat produced by the LED module is carried away exactly and quickly, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the LED module.

A catalyst carrier which comprises particles of a silicon-containing ceramic material. Each of these particles is covered by a film of alumina on which a noble metal is carried.

A reflection type liquid crystal display provided with a reflective layer, a coplanar gate electrode, a color filter layer and a transparent pixel electrode and a manufacture method thereof. The reflection type liquid crystal display can be manufactured on the same manufacture line as that of a transmission type liquid crystal display. In order to realize this manufacture method, a photolithography mask capable of forming both a gate electrode and a reflective layer, and a photolithography mask capable of forming only the gate electrode are prepared, and by using either one of the masks, the reflection type liquid crystal display in which both the gate electrode and the reflective layer are formed on a transparent insulation substrate, and the transmission type liquid crystal display in which only the gate electrode is formed, are selectively manufactured.

A bioprosthetic device is provided for soft tissue attachment, reinforcement, and or reconstruction. The device comprises a naturally occurring extracellular matrix portion and a synthetic portion.

A cursor control device for computers includes a ball whose surface is marked with a regular pattern based on the Platonic solids. The ball surface is illuminated and the rotations are measured precisely from the observed motions of the Platonic solids. The precision of measurement enables the rotation to be measured about other axes and transformed to the desired coordinates without undue deterioration of accuracy. In one embodiment, a nonplanar retainer exposes adjacent faces of a trackball for three components of rotation. In another embodiment, the ball rotation is measured inside a mouse, and the high accuracy of detection of rotation enables collection of transformed rotations from a sensor mounted to the side for a more compact design.

A disk drive includes a disk, and a head stack assembly for reading and writing to the disk. The head stack assembly may include a body portion defining a through bore that defines a pivot axis; an actuator arm cantilevered from the body portion; a head gimbal assembly coupled to the actuator arm; a coil portion cantilevered from the body portion in an opposite direction from the actuator arm and a bobbin. The coil portion may define first and second actuator fork members and may include a wound coil supported by the first and second actuator fork members. The bobbin may be configured to stiffen the coil, and may include a first surface that faces the coil and that defines the thickness of the bobbin. The first surface defines one or more cleating features configured to increase the surface area of the first surface. The largest dimension of each of the cleating features in a direction that is parallel to the pivot axis may be selected to be less than the thickness of the bobbin. An adhesive may be disposed between the first surface of the bobbin and the coil.

Power converters such as power modules configured as inverters employ modularized approaches. In some aspects, semiconductor devices are thermally coupled directly to thermally conductive substrates without intervening dielectric or insulative structures. Additionally, or alternatively, semiconductor devices are thermally coupled to thermally conductive substrates with relatively large surface areas before heat transferred from the semiconductor devices encounters a dielectric or electrically insulating structure with correspondingly high thermal impedance.

The present invention is directed to a coated medical device for delivering a biologically active agent to a body tissue such as a body lumen, said coated medical device having an increased coating surface area for adjusting the release rate of a biologically active agent, such as a drug, from the coating. The medical device has a coating comprising an outer surface having a surface area and capable of being in direct contact with the body tissue, and a plurality of indentations in the outer surface of the coating. The surface area of the coating outer surface is therefore greater than the surface area of the coating outer surface absent the indentations. The present invention is also directed to a method for making a medical device comprising forming a coating comprising a polymer and a biologically active agent on a surface of a medical device, wherein the coating comprises an outer surface capable of being in direct contact with body tissue, and increasing the surface area of the outer surface by forming indentations on the outer surface of the coating.

A three-dimensional battery can include a three-dimensional porous carbon foam base and an anode current collector bonded to and in electrical communication with a first region of the base. The three-dimensional battery can also include an electrolyte layer disposed over the three-dimensional porous carbon foam base and a cathode current collector bonded to and in electrical communication with a second region of the three-dimensional porous carbon foam base.

LED lighting device includes LED light housing including hollow outer shell with planar mounting surface defined inner top side of accommodation chamber to face toward bottom opening and reflector cup mounted accommodation chamber and defining conical reflective surface therein and carrying lens at top center thereof with light exit surface of lens facing toward bottom opening of hollow outer shell, LED light-emitting module including circuit board mounted between planar mounting surface and lens, array of LEDs arranged front side of circuit board and control circuit with driver IC and capacitor thereof respectively arranged opposing front and back sides of circuit board for converting inputted AC power into stabilized DC power for driving LEDS. This structural design effectively increases available surface area of circuit board for circuit layout and related circuit layout insulation distance, allows installation of relatively larger amount of LEDs to increase overall brightness and makes reflector cup replaceable.

The present invention represents a significant advancement in the field of cooling systems for computer hardware. In one embodiment, a system for cooling a heat-generating electronic device is provided. The system is mountable to a first side of a circuit board. The system includes a first set of fins, a fan operable to force air through the first set of fins, and a first heat pipe to conduct heat from the heat-generating electronic device to the first set of fins. One advantage of the disclosed cooling system is that it more equally distributes heat across the fins and more equally distributes airflow across surfaces of the fins. Thus, the design increases the effective area of the fin surfaces used in for transferring heat from the heat-generating electronic device to the air, resulting in a more efficient cooling system.

Methods and systems for preventing aneurysm rupture and reducing the risk of migration and endoleak are disclosed. Specifically, an inflatable multiple walls liner is applied directly to treat the interior of the aneurysm site. Also disclosed are methods to deliver the inflatable multiple walls liner directly to treatment sites.

The invention provides chitosan controlled release fertilizer microspheres and a preparation method thereof. The controlled release fertilizer consists of biodegradable chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and a chemical fertilizer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution; dissolving the chemical fertilizer and polyvinyl alcohol in the chitosan acetic acid solution; adding an ion crosslinking agent to obtain microspheres; and putting the microspheres in a sodium alginate solution for ultrasonic vibration to form the chitosan controlled release fertilizer microspheres. In the process of crosslinking to form the microspheres, fertilizer molecules are adhered and wrapped in crosslinked network micropores of the chitosan microspheres, so that the solubility and releasing capacity of the fertilizer molecules are changed and nutrients are slowly released along with degradation of the chitosan microspheres. At the same time, a sodium alginate electrolyte membrane is wrapped on the surfaces of the microspheres, thereby reducing the burst release phenomenon of nutrients generated in the initial release stage. The controlled release fertilizer is simple in preparation process, relatively low in cost, environmentally friendly and non-toxic and suitable for industrial production.

A light emitting device chip is obtained by dicing a light emitting device wafer having a light emitting layer section 24 based on a double heterostructure in which a first-conductivity-type cladding layer 6, an active layer 5 and an second-conductivity-type cladding layer 4, each of which being composed of a compound semiconductor having a composition allowing lattice matching with GaAs, out of compound semiconductors expressed by formula (Al_xGa_1-x)_yIn_1-yP (where, 0≦x≦1, 0≦y≦1), are stacked in this order, and having the (100) surface appeared on the main surface thereof, and GaP transparent semiconductor layers 20, 90 stacked on the light emitting layer section 24 as being agreed with the crystal orientation thereof, so that the {100} surfaces appear on the side faces of the GaP transparent semiconductor layer. Accordingly, there can be provided a method of fabricating a light emitting device having the AlGaInP light emitting layer section and the GaP transparent semiconductor layers, less causative of failures such as edge chipping during the dicing.

A momentum trap ballistic armor comprises an accelerating layer, a plug layer adjacent to the accelerating layer, and an energy absorbing layer. The plug layer includes an opening and at least one plug maintained within the opening. When a projectile impacts the accelerating layer, the plug is accelerated to the velocity of the projectile before the projectile perforates the plug, forming a projectile-plug combination. The energy absorbing layer is used to capture the projectile-plug combination. The accelerating layer is typically ceramic, the plug layer is typically metal, and the energy absorbing layer is typically ballistic cloth material.

Disclosed herein is a self-rechargeable alkaline battery. The battery comprises a cathode and an anode, at least one of which is constructed of a metallic plate, an electrode receptor equipped to the cathode, an electrode donor equipped to the anode, a separator provided between the electrode donor and the electrode receptor, an electrolyte comprising an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution and an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and having at least one powdered material selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, manganese oxide, and silicon oxide. The battery has a self-rechargeable ability, stable output characteristics, and a remarkably increased life span.

The present invention is a specialized orthopedic implant having an exterior surface for engaging bone. The surface comprises arrayed projections having at least one forward facing facet directed at least in part toward the leading end of the implant and at least one rearward portion directed at least in part toward the opposite trailing end of the implant. Each of the forward facet and rearward portion has a length and a slope. The length of the forward facet is longer than the length of the rearward facet. The slope of the rearward facet is steeper than the slope of the forward facet. The surface projections also have opposed side facets directed generally toward the sides of the implant. The side facets are located between the forward facet and rearward facet and converge toward each other in a direction away from the base of the surface projections. The surface may also include projections having left and right forward side facets and a rearward facet. The surface further may include projections having left and right rearward side facets and a forward facet.

A heat exchanger for an ice machine has the form of a cylinder. In some embodiments, the cylinder is made from an extrusion of a metal such as an aluminum alloy. The heat exchanger includes inner and outer cylindrical walls and one or more refrigeration passages positioned between the inner and outer walls. The inner and outer walls are separated from each other by connecting structures defining the refrigeration passages. The heat exchanger can be extruded as a rectangular panel and subsequently formed into a cylindrical form. Alternatively, the heat exchanger can be extruded as a cylinder, or as an arcuate cylindrical segment in which several of such segments are subsequently joined together (as by welding) into a cylinder. Ice machines that feature ice formation on both the inner and outer walls of the cylinder are also disclosed.

Biodegradable cigarette filters comprise shaped fiber of PHBV. Included among these fiber shapes in cross section are Y, V, C, Triad, 4-DG and JC shapes. The shaped fibers may include micro cavities with adsorbents and/or flavorants in the cavities.

A galvanic cell is disclosed. Generally, the cell includes an alkali metal anode, which electrochemcially oxidizes to release alkali metal ions, and a cathode, which is configured to be exposed to an electrolyte solution. A water-impermeable, alkali-ion-conductive ceramic membrane separates the anode from the cathode. Moreover, an alkali-ion-permeable anode current collector is placed in electrical communication with the anode. In some cases, to keep the anode in contact with the current collector as the cell functions and as the anode is depleted, the cell includes a biasing member that urges the anode against the current collector. To produce electricity, the galvanic cell is exposed to an aqueous electrolyte solution, such as seawater, brine, saltwater, etc.

A fabric steam pad for use with a steam mop of at least one layer of fabric with an border overlapping a portion of the inner surface of the steam pad to form an interior cavity pocket with a drawstring or an elastic band around the perimeter of the fabric border layer to engage a steam frame. The pad is adapted to fit around the bottom of the steam pad frame to distribute cleaning steam to the surface to be cleaned. In another embodiment, a fabric steam pad for use with a steam mop having a steam pad frame with an outer steam surface and an upper surface. The steam pad comprising at least one layer of fabric having an outer cleaning surface, an opposed inner surface, a fabric border about the perimeter so that the border overlaps the inner surface to form a cavity, and a pair of straps that extend across the inner cavity of steam pad.

Disclosed are medical devices comprising one or more surfaces, one or more SAM molecules attached to the one or more surfaces of the medical device, and one or more therapeutic agents attached to the one or more self-assembled monolayer molecules. Also disclosed are medical devices comprising one or more surfaces, one or more self-assembled monolayer molecules attached to the one or more surfaces of the medical device, one or more linkers comprising a first functional group and a second functional group, the first functional group attached to the self-assembled monolayer molecule and a therapeutic agent attached to the second functional group. The therapeutic agent may be attached to the SAM molecule via a linker. The present invention also concerns methods of administering a therapeutic agent to a subject, comprising contacting the subject with one of the medical devices set forth herein.

A stator arrangement for an electric machine having a stator body which has a back yoke ring and a number of stator teeth that project in a radial direction from the back yoke ring, wherein at least one additional ferromagnetic stator end lamination is mounted on at least one end face of the back yoke ring, the additional ferromagnetic stator end lamination being substantially flush with the back yoke ring, wherein projections are formed at the inner or outer circumference of the additional stator end lamination, the projections projecting axially from the outer end face of the stator end lamination and forming a guide for the winding wire.

The invention discloses a method for preparing an efficient hydrolysis metal sulfide electrode material through a one-step method. The method includes the following steps that nickel foam obtained after ultrasonic treatment serves as a carrier and is soaked into a high pressure reactor containing metal sulfide and a precursor, a hydrothermal reaction is made at 140 DEG C-200 DEG C so that the metal sulfide can be loaded on the nickel foam, and reacting is carried out for 6 h. the method has the following beneficial effects that (1) the three-dimensional porous metal sulfide is directly synthesized without the help of a template, the hydrolysis hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution catalytic activity site density is high, the electronic transferring path is short, and the catalytic performance is good; (2) the metal sulfide of a nano-structure is directly connected with the electrical conductive nickel foam carrier, the contact and the electrical conductivity are good, the specific conductance and the electron transferring efficiency are better improved, and overpotential needed by energy barriers is reduced to a large extent; and (3) electrolyte can enter the interior of the porous electrode material easily, the electric current density is high, the crystal structure is stable, and the circulated stability and durability of the material are greatly improved.

The invention relates to a waste gas system for bioreactors having a hydrophobic sterile filter, arranged at the end, and a heat exchanger which protects the sterile filter against blocking by liquid media. The gas outflow duct for discharging waste gas from a bioreactor vessel is divided in a cooling zone of the heat exchanger into a multiplicity of subducts and is extended in a heating zone of the heat exchanger to a calming zone. Due to the multiplicity of subducts, a considerably larger surface area for the removal of heat from the waste gas is available, with the result that in the case of laminar flow of the waste gas through the subducts a high effectiveness of the separation of liquids from the waste gas can be achieved. In the heating zone, the waste gas can heat up again due to the reduced flow rate until it reaches the hydrophobic sterile filter by way of taking up heat from the surroundings to a such a degree that the relative vapor contents are below 100% and separation of liquids from residual vapors at or in the hydrophobic sterile filter is precluded.