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Apparatus, system, and method for managing quality-of-service-assured e-business service systems

One or more SLA-specified service-level monitors and/or one or more provider-owned service-level management monitors are used by the invention to monitor one or more quality measures of one or more QoS-assured service systems and to generate one or more service-level monitoring events when the monitored system does not conform to the respective quality measures. The invention includes a cross-SLA event manager that receives the monitoring events and determines which one or more SLA contracts are affected by the events. Then one or more SLA management objects (SMOs) track the SLA-specific events generated by the event manager according to each of the respective SLA contracts. The SMOs also determine how to allocate/deallocate/configure SLA management resources and/or to determine the effect of these changes on the service system operation to assure the contracted quality of service. A cross-SLA resource manager handles the SMOs' resource allocation requests and optimizes the allocation of available resources per the service provider's SLA management objectives. Finally, a SMO manager manages the execution of SMOs and facilitates the integration and management of service system testing-time and production-time activities.
Owner:IBM CORP

External cavity tunable compact mid-IR laser

A compact mid-IR laser device utilizes an external cavity to tune the laser. The external cavity may employ a Littrow or Littman cavity arrangement. In the Littrow cavity arrangement, a filter, such as a grating, is rotated to provide wavelength gain medium selectivity. In the Littman cavity arrangement, a reflector is rotated to provide tuning. A quantum cascade laser gain medium provides mid-IR frequencies suitable for use in molecular detection by signature absorption spectra. The compact nature of the device is obtained owing to an efficient heat transfer structure, the use of a small diameter aspheric lens for both the output lens and the external cavity lens and a monolithic assembly structure to hold the optical elements in a fixed position relative to one another. The compact housing size may be approximately 20 cm×20 cm×20 cm or less. Efficient heat transfer is achieved using a thermoelectric cooler TEC combined with a high thermal conductivity heat spreader onto which the quantum cascade laser gain medium is thermally coupled. The heat spreader not only serves to dissipate heat and conduct same to the TEC, but also serves as an optical platform to secure the optical elements within the housing in a fixed relationship relative on one another. The small diameter aspheric output and external cavity lens each may have a diameter of 10 mm or less and each lens is positioned to provided a collimated beam output from the quantum cascade laser gain medium. The housing is hermetically sealed to provide a rugged, light weight portable MIR laser source.
Owner:DAYLIGHT SOLUTIONS

Microwave power detection system based on parallel-connected MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) cantilever beams and preparation method of microwave power detection system

The invention discloses a microwave power detection system based on parallel-connected MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) cantilever beams and a preparation method of the microwave power detection system. The method is used for on-line measurement, electrostatic force can be generated between each MEMS cantilever beam and a transmission line in a center signal line transmission process, the cantilever beams are pulled downwards, and an interval between each cantilever beam and a corresponding test electrode becomes smaller, so that capacitance values are changed and microwave power in one-to-one correspondence with the capacitance values is obtained by measuring the changed capacitance values. The microwave power detection system based on the parallel-connected MEMS cantilever beams comprises a gallium arsenide substrate, wherein a plane-waveguide center signal line (A), a parallel-connected MEMS cantilever beam structure (B) and a capacitance type microwave power sensor (C) are arranged on the substrate. When a microwave signal is transmitted on the plane-waveguide center signal line, the two parallel-connected MEMS cantilever beams generate displacement under the action of the electrostatic force, and the to-be-measured power is detected by the capacitance type microwave power sensor.
Owner:南京尔芯电子有限公司
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