A separation rotary drum in a vacuum pressure swing adsorption separator comprises an air inlet zone at the left end, a middle molecular sieve zone and an oxygen-rich collection zone at the right end. The separation rotary drum is characterized in that the air inlet zone comprises an air inlet pipe, a blowback air outlet pipe, an air inlet cover and an inlet air distribution disc, wherein the inlet air distribution disc is divided into an air inlet sector, an oxygen-rich air suction corresponding sector, a blowback air outlet sector and transition zones formed among the air inlet sector, the oxygen-rich air suction corresponding sector and the blowback air outlet sector. The middle molecular sieve zone comprises a molecular sieve drum, a driven wheel, a motor and a driving wheel, wherein the molecular sieve drum is divided into sectors different in shapes and identical to size with the center axis of the drum serving as the symmetrical axis, each of angles of sectors is omega, and rubber sheets with widths the same as sector separation plates of each sector are arranged at two ends of the sector and are 5mm-30mm long. The oxygen-rich collection zone comprises a nitrogen-rich exhaust pipe, a blowback air inlet pipe, an oxygen-rich air suction pipe, an air outlet cover and an outlet air distribution disc, wherein the outlet air distribution disc is divided into an oxygen-rich air suction sector, a nitrogen-rich air suction sector, a blowback air inlet sector and transition zones formed among the oxygen-rich air suction sector, the nitrogen-rich air suction sector and the blowback air inlet sector.