The invention provides an industrial character identification method based on a convolution neural network. The method comprises the steps of establishing character data sets, carrying out data enhancement and preprocessing on the character data sets and establishing a CNN (Convolution Neural Network) integrated model, wherein the model comprises three different individual classifiers, training is carried out through utilization of the model, the training is finished by two steps, a first step is offline training, an offline training model is obtained, a second step is online training, the offline training model is used for initialization, a special production line character data set is trained, and an online training model is obtained; carrying out preprocessing, character positioning and single character image segmentation on a target image; sending the segmented character images to the trained online training model, and probability values of classifying the single target images into classes by the three classifiers in the CNN integrated model is obtained; final decision is carried out in a voting mode, thereby obtaining a classification result of test data. According to the method, characters on different production lines can be identified rapidly and efficiently.