The invention provides an intelligent production system and method based on edge calculation and digital twinning, which belong to the field of intelligent production. The intelligent production system comprises a physical system, an edge digital twinning node, a digital twinning management control system, a production manufacturing simulation system, an order system and an AI algorithm model base. The method comprises the steps that intelligent sensing equipment acquires physical production line information in real time and transmits the physical production line information to the edge digital twinning node; the edge digital twinning node constructs an equipment model, predicts equipment faults and service life, and carries out visual display; and the digital twinning management control system generates simulation analysis operation of production equipment scheduling, optimizes a production scheduling strategy according to a simulation result of the production manufacturing simulationsystem, and sends a production scheduling instruction to the physical system. According to the invention, the calculation burden of the terminal processor is reduced, the time delay is reduced, the information mapping efficiency and the working efficiency of the whole intelligent production system are improved, and the equipment fault monitoring, prediction and maintenance at the edge side are realized.