The invention discloses a multi-functional plotting instrument based on vision. The multi-functional plotting instrument based on the vision comprises a plotting baseboard, two vertical shafts, a horizontal frame, a horizontal shaft, a control hand and a main control mechanism, wherein Y-axis racks are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two vertical shafts, the horizontal frame is provided with a Y-axis gear and a Y-axis motor, the horizontal frame is provided with an X-axis rack, the control hand is provided with an X-axis gear and an X-axis motor, the control hand comprises a transparent support, a plotting pen and a Z-axis motor, the main control mechanism comprises a PC computer, a camera shooting unit, an XY-axis controller and a Z-axis controller, the XY-axis controller, the Y-axis motor and the X-axis motor are connected, and the Z-axis controller and the Z-axis motor are connected. The camera shooting unit is used for view finding and screenshot, the plotting pen can fast and accurately plot corresponding graph and characters of the found view and the screenshot of the camera shooting unit on the plotting baseboard, the immediate manual plotting and writing of a teacher can be replaced, the functions of treating, plotting and the like of a sketch can be realized, and the multi-functional plotting instrument plays the practical auxiliary role in teaching, and the teaching quality is improved.