The invention relates to a screen printing and digital printing combined printing device and a printing method of the screen printing and digital printing combined printing device. At present, no printing method or printing method which is high in printing precision and printing speed exist. The printing device is characterized by comprising a machine frame, a rotating roller, a conveyer belt, a screen printing mechanism and a digital printing mechanism, the conveyer belt is installed on the rotating roller, the screen printing mechanism is installed on the machine frame, the digital printing mechanism is installed on the machine frame, and the screen printing mechanism is matched with the digital printing mechanism. The printing method is characterized in that shell fabric is driven to move through the conveyer belt, the shell fabric is printed through the screen printing mechanism and the digital printing mechanism, and if patterns needing to be printed on the shell fabric include large pieces of patterns, the patterns are printed through the screen printing mechanism; if the patterns needing to be printed on the shell fabric include high-precision patterns, the patterns are printed through the digital printing mechanism. The printing device and the printing method are reasonable in structural design, reliable in performance, high in printing precision and high in printing speed.