The invention provides a human body three-dimensional data collecting system and method based on the light coding technology. The human body three-dimensional data collecting system comprises a rotary disc. Supports are arranged on the periphery of the rotary disc, a whole-body scanner, a half-body scanner and a face five-sense-organ scanner are installed on the three supports respectively, data lines at the tail ends of the three scanners are connected into a computer, and a matched software tool for model collecting, fusing, repairing and strengthening is arranged in the computer. The human body three-dimensional data collecting system is simple in structure, low in cost, high in accuracy and short in scanning time, the advantages of the scanners in different types are combined, division operation is adopted, the aim is explicit, and high-accuracy human body characteristic three-dimensional models of the five sense organs of the human body face, the head outline, hair details, the whole-body surface outline and the like can be obtained; a high-accuracy human body three-dimensional model can be obtained by fusing and splicing the characteristic three-dimensional models collected through the different scanners through software, and follow-up model processing is avoided; the multiple scanners work at the same time, and the scanning time is greatly shortened.