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A method of retrieving documents using a search engine includes providing a reverse index including one or more keywords and a list of documents containing the one or more keywords, the reverse index further including a measure of confidence (MOC) value associated with the one or more keywords. One or more query terms are input into the search engine. The query terms are disambiguated and a MOC value is associated with each meaning of the disambiguated query term. A list of documents is retrieved containing the query terms wherein the documents are initially ranked based at least in part on the MOC values of the keywords and query terms. The list of documents may be re-ranked based at least in part on the semantic similarity of each document to the disambiguated query terms.

An object detection system for detecting instances of an object in a digital image includes an image integrator and an object detector, which includes a classifier (classification function) and image scanner. The image integrator receives an input image and calculates an integral image representation of the input image. The image scanner scans the image in same sized subwindows. The object detector uses a cascade of homogenous classification functions or classifiers to classify the subwindows as to whether each subwindow is likely to contain an instance of the object. Each classifier evaluates one or more features of the object to determine the presence of such features in a subwindow that would indicate the likelihood of an instance of the object in the subwindow.

An implantable pulse generator includes a current steering capability that allows a clinician or patient to quickly determine a desired electrode stimulation pattern, including which electrodes of a group of electrodes within an electrode array should receive a stimulation current, including the amplitude, width and pulse repetition rate of such current. Movement of the selected group of electrodes is facilitated through the use of remotely generated directional signals, generated by a pointing device, such as a joystick. As movement of the selected group of electrodes occurs, current redistribution amongst the various electrode contacts takes place. The redistribution of stimulus amplitudes utilizes re-normalization of amplitudes so that the perceptual level remains fairly constant. This prevents the resulting paresthesia from falling below the perceptual threshold or above the comfort threshold.

Apparatus with accompanying subsystems and methods for developing conversational computer applications. As a user interface, the apparatus allows for a user to initiate the conversation. The apparatus also answers simple and complex questions, understands complex requests, pursues the user for further information when the request is incomplete, and in general provides customer support with a human like conversation while, at the same time, it is capable to interact with a company's proprietary database. As a development tool, the apparatus allows a software developer to implement a conversational system much faster than takes, with current commercial systems to implement basic dialog flows. The apparatus contains three major subsystems: a state transition inference engine, a heuristic answer engine and a parser generator with semantic augmentations. A main process broker controls the flow and the interaction between the different subsystems. The state transition inference engine handles requests that require processing a transaction or retrieving exact information. The heuristic answer engine answers questions that do not require exact answers but enough information to fulfill the user's request. The parser generator processes the user's natural language request, that is, it processes the syntactical structure of the natural language requests and it builds a conceptual structure of the request. After the parser generator processes the user's request, a main process broker feeds the conceptual structure to either the heuristic answer engine or to the state transition inference engine. The interaction between the main process broker and the subsystems creates a conversational environment between the user and the apparatus, while the apparatus uses information from proprietary databases to provide information, or process information, during the course of the conversation. The apparatus is equipped with a programming interface that allows implementers to declare and specify transactions based requests and answers to a multiplicity of questions. The apparatus may be used with a speech recognition interface, in which case, the apparatus improves the recognition results through the context implicitly created by the apparatus.

One embodiment of the present invention determines the effect of placing an assist feature at a location in a layout. During operation, the system receives a first value which was pre-computed by convolving a model with a layout at an evaluation point, wherein the model models semiconductor manufacturing processes. Next, the system determines a second value by convolving the model with an assist feature, which is assumed to be located at a first location which is in proximity to the evaluation point. The system then determines the effect of placing an assist feature using the first value and the second value. An embodiment of the present invention can be used to determine a substantially optimal location for placing an assist feature in a layout.

An electronic version of physical paper sticky notes is defined. The electronic sticky notes may be attached to or embedded in items such as files and folders. The icons representing the items may include indications as to whether an electronic sticky note is attached thereto. The electronic sticky notes may be seamlessly moved between various attachment states and between various locations on a computer screen.

Solving a quadratic programming problem involved in training support vector machines by sweeping through a set of training examples, solving small sub-problems of the quadratic programming problem. Each of these sub-problems has an analytic solution, which is faster that the numerical quadratic programming solutions used in the prior art. In one embodiment, training examples with non-optimal Lagrange multipliers are adjusted, one at a time, until all are optimal (e.g. until all examples fulfill the Kuhn-Tucker conditions). In another embodiment, training examples with non-optimal Lagrange multipliers are paired and then adjusted, until all are optimal.

The invention relates to a method for selecting language for word recognition in a data processing device, wherein at least two different languages are selectable for word recognition. The data processing device stores at least one predetermined rule specifying how language for word recognition is to be selected for a word recognition event. The method includes the step of selecting the language according to the predetermined rule prior to the word recognition.

A method of repairing a defective one of devices mounted on substrate is provided. Devices are arrayed on a substrate and electrically connected to wiring lines connected to a drive circuit, to be thus mounted on the substrate. The devices mounted on the substrate are then subjected to an emission test. If a defective device is detected in this test, a repair device is mounted at a position corresponding to a position of the defective device. At this time, after wiring lines connected to the defective device are cut off, the repair device is electrically connected to portions of the wiring lines, the portions of the wiring lines being located at positions nearer to the drive circuit side than the cut-off positions of the wiring lines. Since a defective device is repaired by a simple step that is carried out by simply mounting and fixing a repair device without removal of the defective device, it is possible to eliminate the need for any complicated, microscopic work; for example, removal of the mounted devices, and/or selective removal or repair of an insulating layer.

The invention is designed for continuous, rapid and effective monitoring of a solar or equivalent source in order successfully to arrange for it to operate at its point of maximum power (PMP) without interrupting the supply of electricity to users, with a conventional power-regulating structure of series or parallel type, governed by an independent module capable of calculating the voltage and current coordinates of said PMP (VPMP, IPMP) by applying an iterative algorithm and/or graphic methods. This module ideally requires only one measurement point, relating to the electrical characteristic, with the ambient conditions of said source, and as a result it delivers a reference signal, a continuous, stable voltage constantly representative of the evolution of the PMP, for the power regulator. In the event of the use of a power-regulating structure of S3R or ASR type, information about the PMP is immediate and requires no intermediate measurement point.

In a preferred application, e.g., the repair of vaginal prolapse after relocation of the vagina and any organs displaced by the prolapse, corrective surgery is initiated by applying a hollow tubular element, formed to forcibly insert a barbed anchor attached to a distal end of a first length of suture, without any incision, from the inside of the vagina through the vaginal wall (the supported tissue) into selected support tissue within a patient's pelvis. This involves puncturing and thus locally severe physical distressing of both the supported tissue and the support tissue. The barbed anchor is left in the support tissue as the tubular element is then withdrawn from the support tissue and out of the vagina, leaving the proximate end portion of the suture extending through the vaginal wall into the vagina. A second such anchor, with a second length of suture attached thereto, is similarly inserted adjacent to the first anchor. The proximate end portions of the sutures are tied to each other inside the vagina, to thereby secure the vaginal wall to the support tissue with corresponding punctures formed in each by the insertions of the two anchors being thereby held in respective, precisely aligned, intimate contact during healing. This results in a pair of fused scars that cooperate to permanently bond the vaginal wall locally to the support tissue. If the sutures and/or the anchors are made of absorbable material they will all eventually disappear and the fused scars will provide the permanent bonding. If the anchors are made of non-absorbable material they may remain where located. A plurality of such paired fused-scar bonds may be generated, at the surgeon's discretion, to ensure adequate support for the repaired vagina. The apparatus and method can be readily adapted to similarly effect deliberate, local, beneficial bonding between other adjacent living tissues in a patient.

Systems and methods of presenting channel content in a distributed network having a client device and a server device, the method comprising the acts of evaluating tagged content, e.g., from the server device and creating a personalized channel at the client device. The personalized channel comprises content from two or more predetermined channels, i.e., channels received from the server device. Last, the system and method displays the content on the personalized channel. Also, systems and methods may be employed to display a personalized programming guide, using profile information to select a preferred subset of information to display such that the user is better able to discern desirable content.

A method for engineering management and planning for the design of a communications network in three dimensions (3-D) combines computerized organization, database fusion, and site-specific communication system performance prediction models. The method enables a designer to keep track of communication system performance through the process of pre-bid, design, installation and maintenance of a communication system. Automated selection, placement and configuration of communication component equipment can be performed using desired performance criteria identified at finite locations within the environment along with a finite set of communication component models and suitable locations and configurations in the environment.

Common handheld transceivers operating on different frequencies with differing protocols can be provided with a mini module attached to the handheld transceiver that not only converts the audio information available from the handheld to the format and frequency of the temporary incident area network, the mini module also provides a sensor platform coupled to a wide variety of sensors whose data gathering capabilities in the vicinity of the individual are used to provide an incident commander or other individuals at nodes on the network with data to ascertain the conditions at the incident scene in the vicinity of the individual. Thus not only can information pertaining to the immediate health of and danger to emergency personnel be ascertained quickly, the transmission of sensor and image data over the same network provides situational awareness for the incident commanders and indeed for all those coupled to nodes on the network.

A system, game server, terminal, and method provide a player of a multiplayer game with notification of events while disconnected from the game. The system maintains a minimal communication connection to the game, thereby reducing communication costs and power consumption. The system is able to provide notification to the player even when the player is not playing the game.

A probe mark reading device for reading probe marks stormed on electrode pads of semiconductor chips contained in a semiconductor wafer (90), comprising a CCD camera (20) for taking an image of the semiconductor wafer (90) and outputting the image as an image signal Si, an optical unit (21) for optically enlarging a location to be photographed by the CCD camera (20), a light source (30) for illuminating the location to be photographed by the CCD camera (20) with a flash of light generated for a short period of time from when a flash signal Sf is provided, an X-Y stage (40) capable of changing a position to be photographed by the CCD camera (20) based on a motor control signal Sm by moving a mounted semiconductor wafer (90) in an X-direction and a Y-direction, and a computer (10) for providing control and saving the images after receiving and trimming the image signal Si. With the above configuration, it is possible to read probe marks in a short time without a user having to expend much time or effort.

A rotating media storage device (RMSD) includes a disk having at least one track with a plurality of servo wedges, a moveable head, and a microprocessor. The microprocessor receives a plurality of position error signal (PES) values during track following and sums PES values for a plurality of different sets of servo wedges of the track to generate a plurality of shifted summed position error signal (SSPES) values. The microprocessor shifts the plurality of generated SSPES values by a phase shift value to generate a plurality of corrected shifted summed position error signal (CSSPES) values, which correspond to the repeatable runout (RRO) of the disk.

Disclosed is a combined spectrum and channel analyzer with output in the form of various graphical displays. The graphical displays can be configured to display frequency, amplitude, time and density via a spectral view, a topographic view, or a planar view, or combinations of those views. Channel activities, parameters, overlap and interaction are shown in the displays.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional digital urban fire protection pre-control and management system, which integrally applies GIS technology, VR technology and GPS technology to build a fire-protection emergency command 3D geographic information system based on 12 sub-systems including a three-dimensional geographic information system, a GPS satellite position-tracking system, a fire-protection safety key units management system, a traffic route analysis system, a wireless information service system, a query statistics system and so on so as to achieve management functions of fire accident scene geographical situation inquiry, effect analysis, firefighting resource distribution, firefighting resource deployment, situations of the firefighting arms and firefighting route selection. The system has the benefits that the system meets the need for fire safety at an extensive, in-depth level in the new situation, realizes precise management and achieves the purposes of preventing and reducing fire emergencies, timely and effectively handling fire emergencies, minimizing the damage and economic losses caused by the accidents and guaranteeing social stability.