6139 results about "Control parameters" patented technology

One or more implantable system control units (SCU) apply one or more stimulating drugs and/or electrical pulses to one or more predetermined areas affecting circulatory perfusion. The SCU preferably includes a programmable memory for storing data and/or control parameters, and preferably uses a power source/storage device, such as a rechargeable battery. If necessary, periodic recharging of such a power source/storage device is accomplished, for example, by inductive coupling with an external appliance. The SCU provides a means of stimulating a nerve(s) or other tissue with electrical and/or infusion pulses when desired, without the need for external appliances during the stimulation session. When necessary, external appliances are used for the transmission of data to and/or from the SCU(s) and/or for the transmission of power. In a preferred embodiment, the system is capable of open- and closed-loop operation. In closed-loop operation, at least one SCU includes a sensor, and the sensed condition is used to adjust electrical and/or drug stimulation parameters.

The invention provides an apparatus and system for ablation of body structures or tissue in the region of the rectum. A catheter is inserted into the rectum, and an electrode is disposed thereon for emitting energy. The environment for an ablation region is isolated or otherwise controlled by blocking gas or fluid using a pair of inflatable balloons at upstream and downstream locations. Inflatable balloons also serve to anchor the catheter in place. A plurality of electrodes are disposed on the catheter and at least one such electrode is selected and advanced out of the catheter to penetrate and ablate selected tissue inside the body in the region of the rectum. The electrodes are coupled to sensors to determine control parameters of the body structure or tissue, and which are used by feedback technique to control delivery of energy for ablation or fluids for cooling or hydration. The catheter includes an optical path disposed for coupling to an external view piece, so as to allow medical personnel to view or control positioning of the catheter and operation of the electrodes. The catheter is disposed to deliver flowable substances for aiding in ablation, or for aiding in repair of tissue, such as collagen or another substance for covering lesions or for filling fissures. The flowable substances are delivered using at least one lumen in the catheter, either from at least one hole in the catheter, from an area of the catheter covered by a microporous membrane, or from microporous balloons.

Techniques are provided for use in controlling rate-adaptive pacing within implantable medical devices such as pacemakers or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). In one example, a force-frequency relationship is determined for the heart of the patient, which is representative of the relationship between cardiac stimulation frequency and myocardial contractile force. To this end, various parameters are detected for use as surrogates for contractile force, including selected systolic pressure parameters and cardiogenic impedance parameters. Rate-adaptive pacing is then controlled based on the detected force-frequency relationship to, for example, deactivate rate-adaptive pacing if the slope and/or abscissa of the force-frequency relationship indicates significant contractility dysfunction within the patient. In other examples, rather than deactivating rate-adaptive pacing, control parameters are adjusted to render the rate-adaptive pacing less aggressive. In still other examples, trends in the slope and/or abscissa of the force-frequency relationship are monitored to detect contractility dysfunction and/or heart failure and titrate medications accordingly.

Introducing one or more stimulating drugs to the brain and/or applying electrical stimulation to the brain is used to treat epilepsy. At least one implantable system control unit (SCU) produces electrical pulses delivered via electrodes implanted in the brain and/or drug infusion pulses delivered via a catheter implanted in the brain. The stimulation is delivered to targeted brain structures to adjust the activity of those structures. The small size of the SCUs of the invention allow SCU implantation directly and entirely within the skull and/or brain. Simplicity of the preferred systems and methods and compactness of the preferred system are enabled by the modest control parameter set of these SCU, which do not require or include a sensing feature.

A light emitting diode (LED) lighting system includes a power factor correction (PFC) controller that determines at least one power factor correction control parameter from phase delays of a phase modulated signal. In at least one embodiment, a peak voltage of the phase modulated signal is a PFC control parameter used bit the PFC controller to control power factor correction and generation of a link voltage by a PFC LED driver circuit. The phase delays are related to a peak voltage of the phase modulated signal. Thus, in at least one embodiment, detecting the phase delay in one or more cycles of the phase modulated signal allows the PFC controller to determine the peak voltage of the phase modulated signal.

A system and method for providing closed loop infusion formulation delivery which accurately calculates a delivery amount based on a sensed biological state by adjusting an algorithm's programmable control parameters. The algorithm calculates a delivery amount having proportional, derivative, and basal rate components. The control parameters may be adjusted in real time to compensate for changes in a sensed biological state that may result from daily events. Safety limits on the delivery amount may be included in the algorithm. The algorithm may be executed by a computing element within a process controller for controlling closed loop infusion formulation delivery. The biological state is sensed by a sensing device which provides a signal to the controller. The controller calculates an infusion formulation delivery amount based on the signal and sends commands to an infusion formulation delivery device which delivers an amount of infusion formulation determined by the commands.

The invention relates to methods for providing a network element 5 of a communications network with data, in particular HSDPA related data. In order to enable the transmission of user data, it is proposed that a controller 4 of the network uses a dedicated frame structure for assembling frames with said user data. The frames can then be transmitted from the controller 4 via an interface to the network element 5. In order to enable the transmission of control parameters, it is further proposed that an interface application protocol is employed which allows the controller 4 to add control parameters to control messages transmitted from the controller 4 to a network element 5 via the interface.

A method and system may be provided to perform a process for controlling NO_x emissions of an target engine. In one embodiment of the invention, the process may include determining predicted NO_x values based on a model reflecting a predetermined relationship between control parameters and NO_x emissions, wherein the control parameters include ambient humidity, manifold pressure, manifold temperature, fuel rate, and engine speed associated with the engine. Further, the process may include adjusting the model based on a determination of whether the predicted NO_x values meet a predetermined criteria associated with actual NO_x values. The adjusted model may be stored in a memory associated with the engine whereby NO_x emissions exhausted from the engine may be reduced based on virtual NO_x emission values determined from the adjusted model.

An efficient method for compressing sampled analog signals in real time, without loss, or at a user-specified rate or distortion level, is described. The present invention is particularly effective for compressing and decompressing high-speed, bandlimited analog signals that are not appropriately or effectively compressed by prior art speech, audio, image, and video compression algorithms due to various limitations of such prior art compression solutions. The present invention's preprocessor apparatus measures one or more signal parameters and, under program control, appropriately modifies the preprocessor input signal to create one or more preprocessor output signals that are more effectively compressed by a follow-on compressor. In many instances, the follow-on compressor operates most effectively when its input signal is at baseband. The compressor creates a stream of compressed data tokens and compression control parameters that represent the original sampled input signal using fewer bits. The decompression subsystem uses a decompressor to decompress the stream of compressed data tokens and compression control parameters. After decompression, the decompressor output signal is processed by a post-processor, which reverses the operations of the preprocessor during compression, generating a postprocessed signal that exactly matches (during lossless compression) or approximates (during lossy compression) the original sampled input signal. Parallel processing implementations of both the compression and decompression subsystems are described that can operate at higher sampling rates when compared to the sampling rates of a single compression or decompression subsystem. In addition to providing the benefits of real-time compression and decompression to a new, general class of sampled data users who previously could not obtain benefits from compression, the present invention also enhances the performance of test and measurement equipment (oscilloscopes, signal generators, spectrum analyzers, logic analyzers, etc.), busses and networks carrying sampled data, and data converters (A/D and D/A converters).

A plurality of memory cells are managed by obtaining values of one or more environmental parameters of the cells and adjusting values of one or more reference voltages of the cells accordingly. Alternatively, a statistic of at least some of the cells, relative to a single reference parameter that corresponds to a control parameter of the cells, is measured, and the value of the reference voltage is adjusted accordingly. Examples of environmental parameters include program-erase cycle count, data retention time and temperature. Examples of reference voltages include read reference voltages and program verify reference voltages. Examples of statistics include the fraction of cells whose threshold voltages exceed initial lower bounds or initial medians.

A communication system optimizes cell edge performance and spectral efficiency by a first step of measuring, by the Node B, at least one system performance metric. A next step includes sending, by the Node B, an indicator for the at least one system performance metric measurement. A next step includes receiving the indicator for the at least one system performance metric measurement. A next step includes determining an adaptive power control parameter based on the at least one system performance metric measured by the Node B and system performance metrics measured by at the least one other neighboring Node B. A next step includes using the adaptive power control parameter to update an uplink transmit power level for at least one user equipment served by the Node B.

The invention relates to remote control of an unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV, (100) from a control station (110) by means of a wireless command link (115). The UAV (100) may be controlled in an autonomous mode wherein it flies according to a primary route (R1, R1') defined by a first set of predefined waypoints (WP1-WP8, IP). The UAV (100) may also be controlled in a manual mode wherein it flies according to an alternative primary route (R1') defined in real-time by control commands received via the wireless command link (115). Flight control parameters are monitored in both modes, and in case a major alarm condition occurs, the UAV (100) is controlled to follow an emergency route (R2') defined by a second set of predefined waypoints (HP1-HP7, TP1-TP9, IP). Particularly, a major alarm condition is activated if an engine failure is detected. Then, the emergency route (R2') involves flying the UAV (100) to an air space above a termination waypoint (TP9) on the ground at which it is estimated that the vehicle's (100) flight may be ended without injuring any personnel or causing uncontrolled material damages.

The power flexibility of energy loads is maximized using a value function for each load and outputting optimal control parameters. Loads are aggregated into a virtual load by maximizing a global value function. The solution yields a dispatch function providing: a percentage of energy for each individual load, a time-varying power level for each load, and control parameters and values. An economic term represents the value of the power flexibility to different players. A user interface includes for each time interval upper and lower bounds representing respectively the maximum power that may be reduced to the virtual load and the maximum power that may be consumed. A trader modifies an energy level in a time interval relative to the reference curve for the virtual load. Automatically, energy compensation for other intervals and recalculation of upper and lower boundaries occurs. The energy schedule for the virtual load is distributed to the actual loads.

Apparatuses and methods to operate a display device of an electronic device. In some embodiments, a method includes receiving a user setting or input of a display control parameter, and causing or altering, based on the user setting or input, an effect of an ambient light sensor value (ALS) on control of the display control parameter. The user input may be an unlock of a touch screen input capability of the display device, and a wake of the display device from an inactivity dim. Also, according to embodiments of the inventions, a method of operating a display of an electronic device includes receiving a change to one of a display brightness output level and an ambient light sensor output level, and altering, according to the change, a display brightness or contrast output level. Other apparatuses and methods and data processing systems and machine readable media are also described.

Systems and methods for noninvasive skin treatment and deep tissue tightening are disclosed. An exemplary method and treatment system are configured for controlled thermal energy delivery to treat subdermal regions of the skin. First, specific control parameters such as power, skin temperature, and ultrasound frequency are chosen so as to provide localized delivery of ultrasound to a region of interest. Then, ultrasound energy is delivered at a frequency, depth, distribution, timing, and energy density to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.

A method for controlling a power system control area according to a first and a second control performance standard, wherein operation of the control area determines area control parameter values. The method comprises (a) determining a first compliance target for the first performance standard and a second compliance target for the second performance standard (100/200); (b) determining a first performance standard statistical measure responsive to the control area parameter values from a beginning of a first compliance period to a time at which the first average is determined (108); (c) determining a second performance standard statistical measure responsive to the control area parameter values from a beginning of a second compliance period to a time at which the second average is determined; (d) determining a first area control parameter target responsive to the first performance standard statistical measure (116); (e) determining a second area control parameter target responsive to the second performance standard statistical measure (204); (f) determining a first area control parameter correction responsive to the first area control parameter target and the area control parameter values (150); (g) determining a second area control parameter correction responsive to the second area control parameter target and the area control parameter values (228) and (h) controlling the power system according to one or both of the first and the second area control parameter corrections (154/232).

The invention relates to a real-time data distribution system with a distributed network architecture and a working method thereof, the system adopts a publication/subscription communication mechanism to transfer information in Internet and a mobile network, and the system comprises a server sub-system, a proxy sub-system, a terminal sub-system and a distributed database, wherein, the server sub-system is used for completing the operations of topic storage, topic matching and the like; the proxy sub-system is used for completing the operations of receiving a topic from a terminal, transmitting a matching event to a subscriber, submitting the publication/subscription topic and the like; the terminal sub-system is used for completing the publication/subscription information of a user; and a distributed database which is used for storing the publication/subscription information and the system information. The system can automatically, quickly and safely provide real-time data transmission service against the subscription information of the user, provide the publication/subscription service of a variety of types of data, such as text information, streaming media, geographic position information and the like, provide up to 20 QoS control parameters, realize the QoS hierarchy configuration of an application layer and provide the convenience for function expansion of the data distribution system.

Design driven inspection/metrology methods and apparatus are provided. A recipe is a set of instructions including wafer processing parameters, inspection parameters, or control parameters for telling an inspection/metrology system how to inspect/measure a wafer. Design data is imported into a recipe extraction system that recognizes instances of target structures and configures recipe parameters accordingly, thereby reducing manual instrument setup time, improving inspection/measurement accuracy, and improving fabrication efficiency.

An energy-based tissue-sealing system and method provide higher sealing quality by measuring and using optical feedback parameters that are directly correlated to structural changes of tissue. The tissue-sealing system includes a sealing energy source, an instrument having a mechanism for grasping and deforming the tissue and for delivering sealing energy to the tissue, a light source, optical sensors, and a controller for controlling parameters of the sealing energy generated by the sealing energy source based upon the optical parameters of the tissue structure sensed by the optical sensors. At the beginning of a sealing procedure, the controller may monitor an initial optical parameter of the tissue and select a target trajectory of tissue optical parameters based on the initial optical parameter. During the sealing procedure, the controller monitors at least one optical parameter of the tissue structure and controls at least one parameter of the sealing energy based on the at least one optical parameter.

Methods and corresponding systems for determining a transmit power in a mobile device include receiving, in the mobile device, a cell-wide power control parameter related to a target receive power at a serving base station. Thereafter, a transmit power is calculated in response to the cell-wide power control parameter and an implicit mobile-specific power control parameter. The mobile device then transmits using the transmit power. The cell-wide power control parameter can be a cell target signal to interference-plus-noise ratio, or a fractional power control exponent. The implicit mobile-specific power control parameter can be a modulation and coding level previously used by the mobile device, or a downlink SINR level measured by the mobile device.

I-frames are extracted from a normal play stream in an extract section (12), coding parameters and control parameters, such as VBV delay, related to a decoder buffer are modified for trick play in an I-frame picture data conversion processor (15), repeat pictures that display the same image content as the I-frames are generated and added following the I-frames in a repeat picture adder (16), and the transfer rate is controlled in a picture data size controller (17). This solves the problem that when trick play is executed between a server and a terminal on a network, if only I-frames are used the necessary network bandwidth may increase, a buffer may fail in the decoder that reproduces the trick play stream, and the reproduced video image may be disrupted.

Embodiments describe new mechanisms for signalized intersection control. Embodiments expand inputs beyond traditional traffic control methods to include awareness of agency policies for signalized control, industry standardized calculations for traffic control parameters, geometric awareness of the roadway and/or intersection, and/or input of vehicle trajectory data relative to this intersection geometry. In certain embodiments, these new inputs facilitate a real-time, future-state trajectory modeling of the phase timing and sequencing options for signalized intersection control. Phase selection and timing can be improved or otherwise optimized based upon modeling the signal's future state impact on arriving vehicle trajectories. This improvement or optimization can be performed to reduce or minimize the cost basis of a user definable objective function.

One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for calibrating a lighting control system. The lighting control system is a daylight-harvesting system that controls the output of the lighting system based on available daylight and/or other light sources to reduce energy usage while providing lighting for an area. The lighting system includes multi-level lighting capabilities for one or more light sources. First, the system measures the light levels for the area when the lighting system: is turned on at a high energy-level; is turned on at an intermediate energy-level; and is turned off. The system determines from these measured light levels the light output of the lighting system in the different states. Then, during operation, the system measures a present light level for the area. The system then adjusts the light output of the lighting system for the area based on a lighting control parameter (e.g an on set-point and an off set-point pair), the present light output of the lighting system, and the present light level for the area.

The invention discloses an intelligent coordination control method of a dynamic bi-directional green wave band for an urban traffic trunk road. The method comprises the steps of starting, processing coordination parameters, processing intersection parameters, processing time and processing cycle, etc. The method adopts a double-stage control structure, namely, a control layer of a traffic control center server and a control layer of an intersection intelligent signal controlling machine, through the information interaction and the coordination of the traffic control center server and the intersection intelligent signal controlling machine, phase sequence is optimized in an on-line manner; and common period, highway section upper phase difference, highway section down phase difference, the starting time of an upper coordination phase, the starting time of a down coordination phase, green ratio at each intersection and other key control parameters are optimized and calculated on a real-time basis. The intelligent coordination control method gets rid of the limit of equal intersection intervals required for the coordination control of the green wave band for the urban traffic trunk road, and realizes the unceasing travel of bi-directional traffic flows on the main road by applying the traffic engineering technique, the artificial intelligence technique and the automatic control technique, thereby reducing the parking rate while the traffic capacity of the trunk road is improved, and obviously reducing the traveling time.

A predictive cruise control system utilizes information about the current vehicle position, and upcoming terrain to save fuel and increase driving comfort. A vehicle operating cost function is defined, based on a plurality of environmental parameters, vehicle parameters, vehicle operating parameters and route parameters. As the vehicle travels over a particular route for which route parameters, such as road gradient and curvature, are stored in a road map, sensors aboard the vehicle detect environmental and vehicle operating parameters, including at least vehicle speed and its position relative to the road map. As the vehicle proceeds, an onboard computer iteratively calculates and stores in a memory vehicle control parameters that optimize the vehicle operating cost function for a predetermined prediction horizon along the route ahead of the vehicle. The optimal vehicle control parameters for the Prediction Horizon are then stored, updated and used to control the vehicle.

The power flow model of the multiterminal voltage-source converter-based high voltage DC (M-VSC-HVDC) transmission system for large-scale power systems is studied. The mathematical model is derived using the d-q axis decomposition of HVDC's control parameter. The developed model can be applied to all existing shunt voltage-source converter (VSC) based controllers, including Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), point-to-point HVDC system, back-to-back HVDC system and multiterminal HVDC system. A unified procedure is developed for incorporating the proposed model into the conventional Newton-Raphson power flow solver. The IEEE 300-bus test system embedded with multiple HVDC transmission systems under different configurations are investigated. Simulation results reveal that the proposed model is effective and accuracy in meeting various control objectives.

A system and method is provided for personalizing and refining policies within a general notification platform. The system includes a profile definition and selection system that receives contextual information relating to a user state. The profile definition and selection system generates and/or relays a set of control parameters based at least partially upon the contextual information, and a notification manager selectively sends a user notification and/or communication based upon the set of control parameters. Methods are provided for tuning the notification platform. This may include defining one or more context profiles, assigning values to parameters employed in one or more context profiles, determining a current user context, determining which of the one or more user profiles is consistent with the current user context, and utilizing the parameter value associated with the one or more context profiles consistent with the current user context to adjust the notification system.

An energy management system for a motor-assisted user-propelled vehicle comprising a motor capable of assisting in propelling the vehicle and a rechargeable power supply for supplying energy to the motor. The system comprises: a user input for providing a desired value for each of at least one control parameter related to the user; a sensor for each control parameter for obtaining an actual value of the control parameter; a value comparator for receiving the desired value and the actual value of each control parameter and comparing them to generate a comparison signal for each control parameter; a command generator for generating a motor command using at least one comparison signal; and a motor controller for operating the motor, using the motor command, either to assist in propelling the vehicle, or act to recharge the power supply, in a way to bring the actual value closer to the desired value.

An automatic injection device includes a drive mechanism and a sensor used to determine an internal characteristic such as a force or internal pressure generated during an injection process. This characteristic is then used as a control parameter by a microprocessor or controller to determine the exit pressure of the fluid expelled by the device. This exit pressure is then used to identify the kind of tissue in which the injection is being introduced.

A robot apparatus having a robot and a controller for controlling the robot. The apparatus has a diagnosing computer connected to the controller and acquiring a state quantity of the robot. An analyzing computer is provided remotely from the robot and has a control parameter adjuster for adjusting a control parameter of the robot, and a communicating function of connecting the computers. The state quantity is transmitted to the analyzing computer by the communicating function and a control parameter of the robot is obtained based on the state quantity. The control parameter is transmitted to the controller through the diagnosing computer to control the robot.