425results about How to "Reduce nitrogen oxide emissions" patented technology

A method and system may be provided to perform a process for controlling NO_x emissions of an target engine. In one embodiment of the invention, the process may include determining predicted NO_x values based on a model reflecting a predetermined relationship between control parameters and NO_x emissions, wherein the control parameters include ambient humidity, manifold pressure, manifold temperature, fuel rate, and engine speed associated with the engine. Further, the process may include adjusting the model based on a determination of whether the predicted NO_x values meet a predetermined criteria associated with actual NO_x values. The adjusted model may be stored in a memory associated with the engine whereby NO_x emissions exhausted from the engine may be reduced based on virtual NO_x emission values determined from the adjusted model.

A system and method for lower cost, high efficiency, thermophotovoltaic distributed generation includes: an emitter, a photovoltaic cell, and transient electrical energy storage.

The present invention provides up-fit after treatment technology for bringing Heavy-Heavy Duty Diesel (HHDD) engine powered vehicles into compliance with the Title 13 CCR, Part 2025 mandate (meeting 2010 criteria emission standards). It also includes a Dual Fuel system, Exhaust Thermal Management System further reducing: NOx constituents, consumption of diesel fuel, particulate matter and CO2 emissions. The invention further comprises multiple sensors that provide data to electronic control module(s). The APGV6000 enables rapid after-treatment thermal activation, compares “real-time” sensor data with target data, and adjusts the after treatment system and/or dual fuel system and/or Exhaust Thermal Management system to produce exhaust emissions well below 2010 exhaust emission standards. For 2010 and newer HHDD engine applications, the V6000 comprises the Dual Fuel and exhaust thermal management system to affect rapid after-treatment activation, reduced NOx emissions well below, 2010 (current) standards, reduce diesel fuel usage and reduce CO2 emission.

The operation of an internal combustion engine under unfavorable operating conditions can lead to the formation of deposits in the combustion chamber (4). A method and an arrangement for operating an internal combustion engine (1), especially of a motor vehicle, is suggested, wherein fuel is conducted into a combustion chamber (4) and is there combusted. When deposits are detected in the combustion chamber (4), measures are initiated in a targeted manner for cleansing the combustion chamber (4). A knocking combustion is especially introduced and/or a cleansing liquid is added to the inducted combustion air.

A main swirler of a triple annular configuration that is partitioned by a pre-filmer and a separator is installed in an inlet port of a main air flow channel. The vicinity of the inner wall of the main air flow channel provided with a main fuel injection port is bulged radially outward from the innermost surface (innermost surface of a small swirler) of a main swirler. Further, a distance from the main fuel injection port and the pre-filmer is set such that an effective opening area between the pre-filmer and “the inner wall of the main air flow channel provided with the main fuel injection port” is equal to an effective opening area of the small swirler. The swirling directions of the swirlers of the main swirler are “clockwise”-“counter-clockwise”-“clockwise” respectively along the radial outward direction when the swirling direction of the innermost swirler is taken as “clockwise”.

Combustion equipment of a coaxial jet combustion scheme is provided that includes: a burner plate in which fuel and air are mixed with each other while the fuel and air pass through an air hole; a burner plate extension which is a portion of the burner plate and extends toward a combustion chamber side spaced apart from the air hole; and a protrusion disposed on the combustion chamber side of the burner plate extension so as to protrude in a direction where flow of the fuel moves. In the combustion equipment, a gap between opposite portions of the protrusion is greater than a diameter of the air hole and a flame source forming area is defined between the burner plate, the burner plate extension and the protrusion. The combustion equipment of a coaxial jet combustion scheme can achieve a further reduction in NOx emissions.

This invention is directed to supply a combustor having a structure that reduces NOx emissions while maintaining combustion stability. The combustor has a chamber into which fuel and air are supplied. An air hole plate having a plurality of air holes upstream of the chamber is also disclosed, and fuel nozzles supplying fuel to the air holes of the air hole plate are further disclosed. In the combustor, a center of a chamber-side of the air hole plate is closer to the chamber than exits of outermost peripheral air holes.

An apparatus and method for using staged air combustion. The apparatus includes a burner body (10) secured to a port block (42), and a fuel passageway (12) extending through the burner body (10), terminating in a fuel nozzle (22), which injects fuel into the burner throat (40). Primary air jets (20) are configured to inject primary air into a primary combustion region (24), which is normally in the burner throat (40). A dish with a dish surface (28) is connected to the burner throat (40); the dish surface (28) extending in a divergent angle with respect to a burner centerline (35). Secondary air jets (34) are connected to the air passageway (14) and extend through the port block (42). The secondary air jets (34) inject secondary air into a secondary combustion region (38), which may be at the dish surface (28) or the hot face (30) of the burner.

A diesel engine aftertreatment exhaust system uses catalyzed soot filters for particulate matter reduction and urea SCR catalysts for NOx reduction on diesel engines in a combined system to lower particulate matter and NOx at the same time. With this integral emission control system, diesel engines are able to meet ultra low emission standards.

A process producing electric energy, steam and carbon dioxide in concentrated form from a hydrocarbon feedstock. The process includes forming synthesis gas in an air driven autothermal reactor unit (ATR), heat exchanging the formed synthesis gas and thereby producing steam, treating at least part of the synthesis gas in a CO-shift reactor unit and carbon dioxide separation unit for formation of concentrated carbon dioxide and a lean hydrogen containing gas which is combusted in a combined cycle gas turbine for production of electric energy, and where air from the turbine is supplied to the ATR unit. The exhaust from the gas turbine is heat exchanged for the production of steam which together with steam generated upstream said unit is utilized in a power generator for production of substantially CO2-free electric energy. Steam may be fed to the gas turbine for diluting the hydrogen containing gas mixture. The process may also be combined with the production of synthesis gas products such as methanol and/or ammonia. Part of the gas from the carbon dioxide removal unit may be utilized in a fuel cell.

A combustion chamber assembly for use in a diesel engine includes a combustion chamber being defined intersecting a crown of a piston, the combustion chamber being defined by a first curved surface having a reentrancy formed proximate a first curved surface first end and having a post formed proximate a first curved surface second end, a corner being formed at a juncture of the first curved surface second end and the post, adjacent surfaces being direct smooth junctures. A piston and a method of forming a combustion chamber are further included.

An engine control system in a vehicle including a variable displacement internal combustion engine, a controller for controlling the displacement of the variable displacement internal combustion engine, and where the controller operates the variable displacement internal combustion engine in a partially displaced operating mode upon startup to increase exhaust gas temperature.

In one embodiment, a fluid mixture composition is used at least in part as a fuel for engine-powered transportation vehicles, the mixture comprising an initial concentration of an ammonia-like reductant component and an initial concentration of an ammonia-like carrier component. The mixture may also include an optional third hydrocarbon component, e.g., gasoline or diesel fuel, with modified properties when compared to conventional gasolines or diesel fuels. The mixture is separated into a first and a second stream, with the majority of the first stream being used as a fuel for the engine and at least a first portion of the second stream being injected into the engine exhaust gases to reduce NOx emissions. A second portion of the second stream is aspirated into the engine and a lean air/fuel ratio may be used to improve fuel efficiency.

This invention shows how to make and use a biodiesel-based fuel in diesel engines without incurring the NO_x penalty. Embodiments primarily relate to an optimum range of bulk modulus of compressibility for biodiesel blends, which results in generating “NO_x neutral” biodiesel blends or to formulate biodiesel blends with lower NOx emissions than conventional petroleum diesel fuel. These biodiesel blends preferably comprise synthetic paraffinic middle distillate derived from a hydrocarbon synthesis to generate synthetic environmentally-friendly diesel fuels.

A tank for storing urea solution and a tank assembly for storing disparate fluids, such as diesel fluid and urea solution, are disclosed. The tank may further include a filler assembly and/or a sensor assembly, either of which are adapted to be connected to the tank without the use of separate fasteners, The tank assembly may include a reservoir and a sensor for automatically diverting non-conforming urea solution to the reservoir. A recess may be defined in the tank body in order to accommodate a strap for securing the tank to the frame of vehicle. The tank may include parallel sidewalls that include a projection on one and a corresponding indentation on the other in order to allow the tanks to be easily stacked during assembly.

A low emission turbine includes a reverse flow can-type combustor that generally includes a primary and secondary fuel delivery system that can be independently controlled to produce low CO, UHC, and NOx emissions at design set point and at conditions other than design set point. The reverse flow can-type combustor generally includes an annularly arranged array of swirler and mixer assemblies within the combustor, wherein each swirler and mixer in the array includes a primary and secondary fuel delivery system that can be independently controlled. Also disclosed herein is a can-type combustor that includes fluid passageways that perpendicularly impinge the backside of a heat shield. Processes for operating the can-type combustors are also disclosed.

A system for reducing NO_x emissions, includes a reformer configured to receive a fuel and produce a hydrogen-enriched stream, a combustion system configured to burn the hydrogen enriched-stream and produce electricity and an exhaust stream, and a recuperator configured to recover heat from the exhaust stream, wherein the recovered heat is recycled back to the reformer.