689 results about "Reactor system" patented technology

A reactor system includes a reactor that treats a lipid feedstock using a metal oxide catalyst to produce a treated stream comprising a bio-oil. The reactor system includes a catalyst zone in which the metal oxide catalyst reacts with the lipid feedstock to produce the treated stream. The reactor system operates in a reaction mode, during which the lipid feedstock flows in a downward direction through the metal oxide catalyst to produce the treated stream. Alternately, the reactor also operates in a regeneration mode, during which coke is burned from the metal oxide catalyst thereby regenerating the metal oxide catalyst. In one aspect, a regeneration mode pressure is less than a reaction mode pressure within the reactor to fluidize the catalyst.

A process for upgrading plastic derived oil includes contacting the plastic derived oil with a mixed catalyst in a first reactor, where the mixed catalyst includes a decontamination catalyst and a cracking catalyst different from the decontamination catalyst. The first reactor reduces concentrations of halogen-containing compounds in the plastic derived oil. The process includes passing the first reactor effluent to a second reactor and contacting the first reactor effluent with the cracking catalyst to produce a second effluent comprising light olefins and naphtha range hydrocarbons. The process includes separating used mixed catalyst from the first reactor to produce a used decontamination catalyst and a second used cracking catalyst, and regenerating the decontamination catalyst and cracking catalyst in separate regenerators to reduce exposure of the cracking catalyst to halogen-containing compounds produced during regeneration of the used decontamination catalyst.

A process for upgrading a plastic derived oil includes providing the plastic derived oil comprising hydrocarbons and greater than or equal to 100 ppmw halogen-containing compounds and contacting the plastic derived oil with an MMO catalyst in a first reactor at reaction conditions to remove halogens from the plastic derived oil to produce a first reactor effluent with less than 100 ppmw halogen-containing compounds. The process includes contacting the first reactor effluent with an adsorbent to produce a treated first reactor effluent, passing the treated first reactor effluent to a second reactor, and contacting the treated first reactor effluent with a cracking catalyst in the second reactor. Contacting with the cracking catalyst may cause hydrocarbons in the treated first reactor effluent to undergo catalytic cracking to produce a second reactor effluent comprising light olefins, naphtha range hydrocarbons, or combinations thereof.

A process for upgrading plastic derived oil includes contacting a plastic derived oil stream with a decontamination catalyst in a first reactor, separating a first reactor effluent from a used decontamination catalyst, passing the first reactor effluent to a second reactor downstream of the first reactor, contacting the first reactor effluent with a cracking catalyst in the second reactor, and separating a second reactor effluent from a used cracking catalyst. The cracking catalyst is different from the decontamination catalyst. The process further includes regenerating the used decontamination catalyst in a decontamination catalyst regenerator to produce regenerated decontamination catalyst, and regenerating the used cracking catalyst in a cracking catalyst regenerator separate from the decontamination catalyst regenerator to produce regenerated cracking catalyst. Regenerating the used cracking catalyst separately reduces deactivation of the cracking catalyst by halogen-containing compounds produced during regeneration of the decontamination catalyst.

A reactor system includes a reactor that treats a lipid feedstock using a metal oxide catalyst to produce a treated stream comprising a bio-oil. The metal oxide catalyst includes catalyst particles having a diameter of 0.01 to 0.5 mm. The metal oxide catalyst can comprise calcium on alumina. The bio-oil has an increased proportion of transportation fuels relative to other techniques for processing lipid feedstocks.

The disclosure relates to a method of producing a multi-metal catalyst film and of producing a reactor system for catalytic removal of a wide variety of contaminants (for example, nitrate, nitrite, perchlorate, chlorate, chromate, selenate, chlorophenols, 2,4-D, dicamba, atrazine, trichloroacetic acid, bromochloroiodomethane, NDMA, TCE, TCA, chloroform, freons, RDX, HMX, TNT, PFOA, and PFOS) from water and wastewater. The disclosure also relates to a method of using the multi-metal catalyst for the removal of such contaminants and a system comprising the multi-metal catalyst film for removing such contaminants.

A device for carbon capture from a CO2 containing source includes a cathode compartment including a cathode electrode, an anode compartment including an anode electrode, a middle compartment which includes an ion conducting layer, a cation exchange membrane, and an anion exchange membrane. The middle compartment is separated from the cathode and anode by the anion and cation exchange membranes. A method for carbon capture from a CO2 containing source includes providing the device, supplying the CO2 containing source to the cathode, reacting the CO2 from the source with an electrochemically generated species from the cathode to form a carbon species or directly reducing the CO2 at the cathode to form the carbon species, driving the carbon species to the middle compartment, and reacting, in the middle compartment, the carbon species with an oxidation product from the anode to form an exit product comprising CO2.

A gas injection system, a reactor system including the gas injection system, and methods of using the gas injection system and reactor system are disclosed. The gas injection system can be used in gas-phase reactor systems to independently monitor and control gas flow rates in a plurality of channels of a gas injection system coupled to a reaction chamber.

The invention provides a device and method for directly mineralizing carbon dioxide in air by using industrial solid waste carbide slag, the device comprises a raw material closed-loop crushing and weighing system and a main reactor system, the raw material closed-loop crushing and weighing system is used for controlling the fineness of crushed carbide slag to be that the mass of particles with the particle size smaller than 2 mm accounts for 90%-100% of the total mass; the main reactor system comprises a bubbling bed mineralization reactor, a riser mineralization reactor and a gas-solid parallel flow downer mineralization reactor which are connected in sequence. The raw material crushing and screening system controls the granularity of the carbide slag to be-2mm, the content of the carbide slag is 90-100 wt%, then the carbide slag is fed into the main reactor system, the main reactor system works cooperatively, the bubbling bed completes pre-carbonation of alkaline substances on the surface layer and the shallow layer of the carbide slag, and the riser and downer coupling system further carbonates an intermediate product. And finally, efficient mineralization of the carbide slag is achieved, the mineralization rate is high, the conversion rate is high, the product granularity is stable, system adjustment is intelligent, CO2 emission can be effectively reduced, and resource utilization of industrial solid waste is promoted.

The invention provides a steam generator heat transfer pipe dirt growth simulation and boiling heat transfer test device. The device comprises a simulation heat transfer pipe system, a reaction kettle system and a sliding thermocouple system, dirt growth speed regulation and control of a compact layer and a sparse layer of the heat transfer tube are realized through direct electric heating and increase of Fe ion concentration, and the problems of slow growth and large difference between dirt pore distribution and a power station in a traditional dirt experiment are solved; measurement of data at multiple positions in the circumferential direction of multiple heights is achieved through fine control of the sliding thermocouple, the reliability and repeatability of the data are verified through mutual verification of the data, and the repeatability and reliability of the data can be analyzed under the same working condition in combination with dirt observation and sampling analysis after an experiment. And a reliable coupling relationship between dirt growth and boiling heat transfer characteristics is obtained.

The invention discloses a dual-mode self-starting residual heat removal system for a heat pipe reactor, which belongs to the technical field of nuclear reactor safety, and comprises a heat pipe heat exchanger for dissipating heat of a plurality of heat pipes; the air cooling system comprises an air channel formed in the heat pipe heat exchanger, the heat pipe is located in the air channel, circulation openings are formed in the top and the bottom of the air channel respectively, and when the heat pipe heat exchanger fails, the circulation openings are opened to communicate with the external atmosphere. The waste heat removal heat exchanger is provided with an inner-layer cavity and an outer-layer cavity, the inner-layer cavity and the outer-layer cavity are both filled with molten metal used for heat conduction, the heat pipe penetrates through the inner-layer cavity, and a self-opening assembly is arranged between the inner-layer cavity and the outer-layer cavity. And the self-opening assembly is automatically opened. According to the invention, self-starting dual-mode residual heat removal can be realized under extreme conditions, and the residual heat removal capability and safety margin of the heat pipe reactor system under accident and shutdown conditions are improved.

A lunar regolith reduction reactor system includes a housing, a crucible, and a pair of electrodes. The housing includes a base structure and a cover structure detachably connected to the base structure, a gas input port to permit input of hydrogen gas into the housing, and a gas output port to permit outgassing of water vapor and gases. The crucible is designed to hold an amount of lunar regolith in the housing. The electrodes are disposed apart from one another and adjacent the crucible, wherein the electrodes are connectable to a power source to generate an electric arc to heat lunar regolith in the crucible and initiate a reduction reaction to separate oxygen gas and reduce separated material into a molten state.

The utility model relates to the technical field of solid-liquid reaction kettles, in particular to a solid-liquid reaction kettle system with cooling and heating functions, which comprises a reaction kettle body, a stirring cavity is formed in the reaction kettle body, and a heat preservation jacket is sleeved outside the reaction kettle body. A heat preservation cavity is formed between the heat preservation jacket and the reaction kettle body, an electric heating pipe attached to the outer wall face of the reaction kettle body is arranged in the heat preservation cavity, and a cooling water inlet, a cooling water outlet and a jacket temperature measuring opening are formed in the heat preservation jacket; the cooling water inlet, the cooling water outlet and the jacket temperature measuring opening are all communicated with the heat preservation cavity, a cooling mechanism is arranged between the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet, and the jacket temperature measuring opening is used for installing a thermometer; the solid-liquid reaction kettle can solve the technical problem that a solid-liquid reaction kettle in the prior art is insufficient in temperature control and cooling mechanism.

An electrified reactor system can include optional insulation, an optional pressure housing, electrical connections to / from the catalytic module, a preheater, one or more heat exchangers, a reaction zone (e.g., a reaction module, a catalyst module, etc.), one or more optional preheaters, and an operation switcher (e.g., valve, rotatory switch, controller, etc.).

Apparatus for mixing two or more gases prior to entering a reaction chamber, reactor systems including the apparatus, and methods of using the apparatus and systems are disclosed. The systems and methods as described herein can be used to, for example, pulse a mixture of two or more precursors to a reaction chamber.

Described is a method of preparing bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) monomer crystals comprising the steps of providing a mixture of BHET monomers and oligomers thereof, a carrier liquid, and impurities; providing BHET seed crystals in the mixture; forming BHET monomer crystals from the mixture comprising the BHET seed crystals, thereby obtaining BHET monomer crystals in a mother liquor; and separating the BHET monomer crystals from the mother liquor; wherein the powder X-ray diffraction spectrum of the BHET seed crystals at least has characteristic intensity peaks at 2Ɵ about equal to 10.7°, 14.4°, 18.9° and 21.6°, where Ɵ is the angle of diffraction, and / or the IR spectrum of the BHET seed crystals at least has characteristic absorption peaks at λ about equal to 3260 cm-1 and 897 cm-1, where λ is the ordinary wavenumber. The obtained BHET monomer crystals have superior filtration properties. Also described is a method of preparing the BHET seed crystals, a method of depolymerizing a terephthalate polymer using the BHET seed crystals, as well as a corresponding reactor system for depolymerizing said terephthalate polymer.

Apparatus for mixing two or more gases prior to entering a reaction chamber, reactor systems including the apparatus, and methods of using the apparatus and systems are disclosed. The systems and methods as described herein can be used to, for example, pulse a mixture of two or more precursors to a reaction chamber.

The invention relates to an intelligent composite cladding tube with real-time monitoring and early warning regulation and control functions, which comprises a compact metal layer and a SiCf / SiC composite material layer which are used as an inner layer or an outer layer of the composite cladding tube, and a flexible transition layer positioned between the compact metal layer and the SiCf / SiC composite material layer, the sensing element is a silicon dioxide optical fiber or a molybdenum-rhenium alloy thermocouple and is used for monitoring the temperature change of the reactor core, so that the flexible transition layer has a temperature sensing function. According to the structure, the phenomena of local overheating and stress concentration can be effectively inhibited, so that the operation safety and the long-term service stability of a reactor system are remarkably improved.

The invention relates to a loop fixed bed reactor system, and relates to the technical field of chemical engineering, the loop fixed bed reactor system comprises a plurality of groups of primary loop reactors and a plurality of groups of secondary loop reactors, the primary loop reactors and the secondary loop reactors have the same structure, and the primary loop reactors and the secondary loop reactors are connected in series through reactor outlet pipelines; each primary loop reactor comprises a fixed bed reaction unit, a circulating pump and an external heat exchanger, the fixed bed reaction unit, the circulating pump, the external heat exchanger, an external heat exchanger inlet pipeline and the circulating pipeline assembly are communicated, and two or more groups of primary loop reactors and secondary loop reactors are connected in series through reactor outlet pipelines; through a forced circulation flow mechanism driven by the venturi gas-liquid mixer and the circulating pump, the problems of mixing mass transfer efficiency, internal heat transfer and retention time of a traditional fixed bed reactor are fundamentally solved, and exponential improvement of the mixing effect and the heat transfer effect is achieved through rapid circulation of the circulating pump and the venturi gas-liquid mixer.

It comprises a receptacle for the culture of plant material, a cap for closing an opening to said receptacle, and means for allowing the entry and / or exit of gas from said receptacle, and is characterized in that it comprises a container for receiving a liquid culture medium inside the receptacle, and support means for supporting the plant material on said reception container, wherein said container is attached to the lid of the receptacle in a position suitable for use, said lid including at least one medium inlet and / or exit conduit that connects with the container to be able to fill and / or empty said container through said conduit.

A process for upgrading plastic derived oil includes contacting the plastic derived oil with a mixed catalyst in a first reactor, where the mixed catalyst includes a decontamination catalyst and a cracking catalyst different from the decontamination catalyst. The first reactor reduces concentrations of halogen-containing compounds in the plastic derived oil. The process includes passing the first reactor effluent to a second reactor and contacting the first reactor effluent with the cracking catalyst to produce a second effluent comprising light olefins and naphtha range hydrocarbons. The process includes separating used mixed catalyst from the first reactor to produce a used decontamination catalyst and a second used cracking catalyst, and regenerating the decontamination catalyst and cracking catalyst in separate regenerators to reduce exposure of the cracking catalyst to halogen-containing compounds produced during regeneration of the used decontamination catalyst.

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear reactor engineering, in particular to a nuclear reactor system health state quantitative evaluation method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: building a reliability analysis model of a reactor system, and calculating an operation task risk factor of the reactor system; building a reactor system probabilistic safety analysis model, and calculating an operation safety risk factor of the reactor system; and calculating the health degree of the reactor system by taking the operation task risk factor and the operation safety risk factor as quantitative indexes for evaluating the health state of the reactor system. According to the method, the reliability and safety risk combined reactor system health state evaluation index is constructed, the system health degree is obtained through calculation, quantitative evaluation of the reactor system health state is achieved, and support can be provided for a user to more scientifically carry out risk evaluation and operation and maintenance decision making.

The invention discloses a digital reactor multi-level multi-physical simulation system, method, equipment and medium, and the method comprises the following steps: dividing the simulation level of a whole reactor system into five simulation levels according to the size from small to large; the coupling modules are a fuel material level multi-specialty coupling module, an element level multi-specialty coupling module, an assembly level multi-specialty coupling module, a reactor core level multi-specialty coupling module and a system level multi-specialty coupling module; the coupling modules of different simulation levels are in communication connection; the coupling module of each simulation level comprises a plurality of professional calculation units, and the simulation calculation specialty of each professional calculation unit comprises a reactor fuel specialty, a reactor physics specialty and a reactor thermal fluid and safety analysis specialty. Wherein the lower the simulation level is, the smaller the scale is, the professional calculation unit with the higher fine degree is used for coupling, and otherwise, the coarser the graining professional calculation unit is used step by step. According to the method, the simulation calculation amount is remarkably reduced, and the loss of simulation calculation accuracy is well made up.

Methods and systems for splitting one or more of water and carbon dioxide are disclosed. Exemplary methods can operate under substantially isothermal conditions. The methods can include use of a material including two or more spinel phases in a solid solution. The solid solution can include oxygen, aluminum, and one or more transition metals.

The invention discloses a method and system for simulating the operating environment of a hydrogen energy reaction kettle, and the method comprises the steps: building a multi-scale simulation frame based on the hydrogen energy reaction kettle, and carrying out the modeling of a micro scale, a mesoscale and a macro scale of the hydrogen energy reaction kettle; performing multi-physical field coupling simulation on the hydrogen energy reaction kettle, including coupling calculation of a flow field, a temperature field, a concentration field and a stress field in an operation environment of the hydrogen energy reaction kettle; performing intelligent optimization simulation based on a multi-scale simulation framework and multi-physics field coupling simulation, wherein the intelligent optimization simulation comprises adaptive grid optimization, non-uniform inlet simulation and two-phase flow simulation; and constructing a digital twin platform, and carrying out system-level dynamic simulation and intelligent control on the hydrogen energy reaction kettle based on the digital twin platform. According to the method, all-around modeling and simulation from a micro scale to a macro scale are realized through a plurality of methods such as a density functional theory, molecular dynamics, a lattice Boltzmann method and computational fluid dynamics.

A plasma-bubble reactor, reactor system and method for producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), one or more hydrocarbon(s), and syngas is disclosed. The reactor comprises a vessel configured to hold a liquid; and a plasma generating means, in association with the vessel, configured to receive an input feed comprising carbon dioxide (CO2) gas and generate a plasma from the CO2 gas to produce an activated CO2 gas encapsulated within a plurality of bubbles formed in the liquid, wherein the activated CO2 gas reacts with water (H2O) at a plasma-liquid interface formed between the bubbles and the surrounding liquid to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), one or more hydrocarbon(s) and syngas.

The present application relates to a kind of self-regeneration fixed bed reaction system for multiphase catalytic reaction, belong to fixed bed technical field.The system includes shell assembly, reaction tank assembly, distribution disc assembly and regeneration connecting assembly.Shell is separated to form several sectors, each sector is equipped with reaction tank, and isolation chamber is formed between reaction tank.Regeneration connecting assembly includes upper and lower rotating disc connected by rotating shaft, and inert gas containing cavity is arranged in rotating disc and is communicated with isolation chamber.Driving mechanism rotates rotating disc, so that regeneration pipe is communicated with specific reaction tank and carries out on-line carbon burning regeneration.The present application realizes the continuous production mode of "multi-zone reaction, one area on-line regeneration" by rotating structure, cooperates with the unique scraping seal assembly and elastic buffer structure, solves the pain points such as fast coking of catalyst in high-temperature dehydrogenation and other reactions, frequent switching, easy to string gas and thermal stress damage, significantly improves the production efficiency, operating stability and heat energy utilization rate of device.

A reactor system can comprise a substrate carrier, which can be configured to move a substrate within the reactor system, and / or a translating arm; a temperature measurement device; a processor; and / or a tangible, non-transitory memory configured to communicate with the processor having instructions stored thereon that, in response to execution by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations. The temperature measurement device can be coupled to the substrate carrier and / or translating arm, and / or the temperature measurement device can be coupled another component of the reactor system. The temperature measurement device can be configured to measure a temperature of a processed substrate within the reaction system. The processor can perform operations including measuring the temperature of the substrate; and / or comparing the measured temperature with a reference temperature.

A fluidized gas reactor includes a system for preventing a fluidizing gas comprising a reactant from premature reaction. The fluidized gas reactor includes a reaction chamber including a particle bed; a gas distribution plate having a plurality of openings therethrough, wherein each opening opens into the reaction chamber; and a plurality of vertical fluidizing gas inlet tubes, each of the fluidizing gas inlet tubes being in fluid communication with one of the openings in the gas distribution plate. Each fluidizing gas inlet tube is configured to receive a fluidizing gas and transport the fluidizing gas to the reaction chamber. A fluidizing gas source provides a stream of the fluidizing gas to the fluidizing gas inlet tubes. A coolant system prevents the fluidizing gas from nndergoing reaction before entering the reaction chamber. The coolant system has a fluid inlet; a coolant flow path in fluid communication with the fluid inlet, the coolant flow path being configured to cool each fluidizing gas inlet tube; and a fluid outlet in fluid communication with the coolant flow path. Each fluidizing gas inlet tube may include a particle outlet and a valve system, where the valve system allows the fluidizing gas flow to the fluidizing gas inlet tubes to be stopped; and allows recovery of particles from the particle bed while the fluidizing gas flow is stopped.

The application discloses a kind of liquid metal cooling pool type reactor multifunctional passive residual heat removal systems based on heat pipe, belongs to reactor system component design technical field, the system is by high-temperature heat pipe, main container wall pit, gas storage tank, storage tank valve, gas heater, gas output pipe, gas input pipe, air extractor, safety container, main container, reactor pit, cold air descending passage, cylindrical thermal insulation layer, hot air ascending passage, connecting pipeline, exhaust chimney, heat radiation plate and in-pile fixed facility composition.The application can be in the condition of reactor total plant power failure, main heat exchanger water interruption and earthquake and other accident conditions, start passive accident residual heat removal system, and the residual heat of reactor core is removed to final heat sink by high-temperature heat pipe.Reactor is in low-power operation or shutdown condition, and auxiliary heating is carried out to in-pile liquid metal, to ensure that coolant is in molten state and promote flow.The system structure is simple, and has independence, passivity, inherent safety.