141 results about "Perchlorate" patented technology

The invention provides a hydrated eutectic electrolyte as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The electrolyte comprises water-soluble zinc salt, deionized water and a deep eutectic solution, the deep eutectic solution is formed by mixing zinc perchlorate and a polar deep eutectic solvent and performing deep eutectic crystallization. The electrolyte has the characteristics of low water activity, low freezing point and efficient induction of uniform deposition of zinc, can be compatible with an iodine-loaded positive electrode and can inhibit dissolution of iodine, and the characteristics are beneficial to inhibition of hydrogen evolution reaction, polyiodine shuttling and other side reactions in the battery circulation process, promote uniform deposition of zinc, protect the integrity of an iodine electrode, and improve the electrochemical performance of the battery. The stable operation of the zinc-iodine battery is ensured; the electrolyte is a zinc sulfate solution containing a ZnClO4 / dimethyl sulfoxide deep eutectic solvent, the solution is combined with free water to form a eutectic structure, the eutectic structure participates in construction of a Zn < 2 + > ion solvation shell, extra intramolecular hydrogen bonds are introduced for the electrolyte, meanwhile, hydrogen bonds among water molecules are weakened, so that the internal energy of the electrolyte is enhanced, the freezing point is reduced, and the flowability is improved.

The invention discloses a method for efficiently removing perchlorate in wastewater based on quaternary ammonium salt assisted ultrafiltration, which comprises the following steps: adding quaternary ammonium salt with the carbon chain length of C12-C16 into perchlorate wastewater, enabling quaternary ammonium cations and perchlorate to form nanoscale floc through hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic attraction and Van der Waals force, and filtering through an ultrafiltration membrane to obtain the perchlorate. The high-selectivity and high-efficiency removal of the perchlorate in the wastewater is realized. The method is simple and convenient to operate, can be completed only by adding trace quaternary ammonium salt and combining the trace quaternary ammonium salt with a conventional ultrafiltration process, does not need complex equipment or a regeneration process, avoids the problem of secondary pollution caused by an adsorption material, and is remarkably improved in environmental friendliness. Meanwhile, the composite material also has good anti-anion interference capability and low flux attenuation. The method is wide in material source, low in cost, easy and convenient to operate, free of regeneration, low in operation cost and free of secondary waste, has good engineering popularization potential and is particularly suitable for on-site rapid treatment and large-scale application of perchlorate wastewater.

The invention discloses a firework and cracker hazardous waste recovery treatment method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: a wastewater treatment step: the wastewater treatment step comprises a chemical precipitation step, an A2O biochemical treatment step, a Fenton oxidation step and a BAF biological filter step, and perchlorate, COD and heavy metal are removed; the waste residue treatment step comprises a wet grinding step, a high-temperature digestion step, a flotation step, a hydraulic cyclone separation step, a wet leaching step and a fractional precipitation step, and carbon powder, titanium, barium, aluminum and magnesium resources are recycled; according to a synergistic coupling mechanism, bottom slag generated in the wastewater treatment step is conveyed to the waste slag treatment step for treatment, and filtrate generated in the waste slag treatment step is conveyed to the wastewater treatment step for treatment. The method is used for carrying out harmless treatment and resource recycling on the hazardous wastes of the fireworks and crackers.

The invention provides a 1, 3, 4-oxadiazino tetrahydroisoquinoline compound as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of heterocyclic compounds for medicines. The method comprises the following steps: by taking an azomethine imine substrate and a styrene oxide substrate as raw materials and cobalt perchlorate hexahydrate as a catalyst, adding the raw materials and the catalyst into a reaction solvent, reacting overnight at normal temperature, and performing column separation to obtain the 1, 3, 4-oxadiazino tetrahydroisoquinoline compound. According to the application, the reaction condition is mild, the selectivity is high, excellent cytotoxicity is shown on HeLa cervical cancer cells and A549 lung cancer cells, the half death inhibition ratio (IC50) value on tumor cells reaches the nanomole level, and the application has a good anti-cancer drug application prospect.

The invention discloses a nitrogen-rich energetic ionic salt compound based on bis-(5-aminotetrazole) boron. The nitrogen-rich energetic ionic salt compound comprises bis-(5-aminotetrazole) boric acid guanidine salt (I), bis-(5-aminotetrazole) boric acid aminoguanidine salt (II) and bis-(5-aminotetrazole) borane perchlorate (III), the structural formulas of the compounds are shown as (I)-(III). The compound can be used for mixed explosives and fuel-rich propellants.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolyzed water, and particularly relates to an electrolyte additive for improving the reaction performance of electrolyzed water, an electrolyte, an electrolyte solution and a method for improving the reaction performance of electrolyzed water. The additive comprises nonmetal oxosalts (sulfate, phosphate, borate, selenate, silicate, carbonate, perchlorate, trifluoroacetate and the like) and an aqueous solution of the nonmetal oxosalts, and is used as an electrolyte additive for water electrolysis reaction with KOH or NaOH as an electrolyte. The invention provides application of oxysalt to improvement of oxygen evolution activity and stability of electrolyzed water. In particular, the device is also suitable for electrolytic reactions carried out at high and low temperatures. Due to the addition of the oxysalt, the oxygen evolution reaction potential is reduced, the charge transfer resistance is reduced, the electron transmission rate is increased, and relatively high chemical reaction kinetics is achieved, so that the reaction activity is favorably improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of adsorption materials, and particularly relates to a hydroxyl-free lead dioxide-based nitric oxide absorbent and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a mixed solution of perchloric acid and lead perchlorate, standing to form a saturated solution, and performing electrodeposition by using the saturated solution as an electrolyte to obtain a lead dioxide deposition layer; and cleaning, drying and crushing the sediments, drying the sediments in an air dry oven with an air exchange function, and calcining the sediments at high temperature to form a target product. The obtained absorbent has the characteristics of hydroxyl-free structure, nanoscale particle size, high porosity, excellent adsorption performance and the like. Test results show that the absorbent has good selective adsorption capacity on NO2, and the adsorption efficiency can reach 85% or above. The material is suitable for nitrogen oxide interference absorption in the determination process of the hydrocarbon content in coal, and has important application value.

A method of treating a subterranean formation by contacting the formation with the following (a) ammonium bicarbonate; (b) an oxidizing agent selected from a perchlorate or a nitrite or combinations thereof; and (c) an acid (AA).

The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and provides a method for treating wastewater containing perchlorate, which comprises the following steps of: adding mixed quaternary ammonium salt into the wastewater, reacting the mixed quaternary ammonium salt with the perchlorate in the industrial wastewater to generate perchlorate quaternary ammonium salt precipitate, and filtering to remove the perchlorate quaternary ammonium salt in the wastewater to realize the enrichment of the perchlorate, the perchlorate in the industrial wastewater can be reduced to 0.02 mg / L or below. According to the process provided by the invention, the perchlorate in the wastewater is directly recycled in the form of the perchlorate quaternary ammonium salt precipitate, and the recycled perchlorate quaternary ammonium salt precipitate can be used as an oxidant for producing fireworks, so that the perchlorate quaternary ammonium salt is reused, and high-added-value recycling is realized.

The utility model discloses integrated perchlorate treatment equipment which comprises a water storage tank connected with a sewage discharge pipe, a lifting pump is arranged in the water storage tank, and an integral box shell is arranged at the output end of the lifting pump. The middle water tank, the quartz sand filter, the activated carbon filter, the ion exchanger, the pipeline mixer, the precision filter and the two-stage reverse osmosis structure are arranged in the integral box shell and are connected with the output end of the air flotation machine; the bottom end of the air flotation machine is connected with a sludge box through a guide pipe; a plate filter press is arranged at the output end of the sludge box; a plurality of medicament storage tanks are further arranged and are respectively connected with the reservoir, the air flotation machine, the ion exchanger and the pipeline mixer through output pipes. The device disclosed by the utility model is reasonable in structural arrangement, can avoid external interference, is beneficial to improving the overall safety performance, prolongs the service life of the overall structure, does not cause material waste, improves the sewage treatment efficiency, has few byproducts and reduces the treatment cost.

The present invention discloses a method and application for removing perchlorate contamination from water bodies using agricultural waste. This method uses activated sludge and agricultural waste, or activated sludge, vegetable oil, and agricultural waste, to treat perchlorate-contaminated water bodies, using at least one of static and dynamic treatment methods. This method has the following advantages: waste recycling, turning waste into valuable resources; low cost and simple process; bioremediation without secondary pollution; and simultaneous achievement of multiple benefits, achieving multiple goals at once. Therefore, this method has broad application prospects in the treatment of perchlorate-contaminated water bodies.

The present invention discloses a device and process for recycling perchlorate in fireworks and firecracker waste, comprising the steps of primary water washing, primary solid-liquid separation, concentration, secondary water washing, secondary solid-liquid separation and crystallization. The device can achieve the separation, recycling and resource utilization of perchlorate, aluminum powder and other substances in the solid waste, while simultaneously performing harmless treatment on the waste residue to reduce pollution to the environment. In the crystallization step, the low-temperature evaporation space is divided into a plurality of units, and the position of the units is changed to effectively avoid the negative effects of excessively high evaporation temperature and sudden temperature increase of the perchlorate.

A heat stabilizer additive for reducing thermal degradation and / or surface resistivity of plasticized PVC compounds comprising: 1.0-25.0 wt % of a carbodiimide; and 75.0-99.0 wt % of a heat stabilizer comprising: (1) zinc-containing component selected from neutral or overbased zinc salts of C1-C24 linear, branched, cyclic aliphatic or aromatic organic acids, zinc diketonates, zinc alcoholates, zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, zinc phosphite, zinc perchlorate, zinc carbonate and mixtures thereof, or metal-free nitrogen-containing compounds selected from thiourea, triethanolamine, 6-amino-1,3-dimethyl-uracil, 6-amino-1,3-di-n-propyl-uracil, 6-amino-1,3-di-n-butyl-uracil, 6-amino-1,3-diethyl-thiouracil, 6-amino-1,3-di-n-butyl-thiouracil or mixtures thereof, and optionally (2) co-stabilizers selected from hydrotalcites, zeolites, nitrogen-containing compounds, organic phosphite esters, diketones, and mixed metal compounds; and polymer compounds comprising: 30.0-89.0 wt % of a PVC homopolymer or PVC copolymer; 10.0-69.0 wt % of a primary plasticizer comprising an epoxidized natural oil or it's blends with epoxidized fatty acid monoesters; 0.01-5.0 wt % of the carbodiimide; and 0.3-5.0 wt % of the heat stabilizer.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicine synthesis, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a tofacitinib key intermediate. According to the present invention, the diphenyl glycolic acid tropine ester is adopted as the starting material, and the diphenyl glycolic acid tropine ester is obtained under the action of the photosensitizer and the perchlorate in cooperation with the irradiation of the high-pressure mercury lamp, such that the technology has characteristics of simple preparation, no use of the expensive catalyst, safety, environmental protection, and avoiding of the risk of the standard exceeding of the heavy metal content, and is suitable for the large-scale production.

A system, comprising: a chlorine source in form of an electrolysis unit to generate an insitu generated active chlorine; wherein a concentration of perchlorate is not more than half of a concentration of chlorate; and pH of a fluid containing in-situ generated active chlorine is more than 7.4; a buffer tank to store a concentrate of in-situ generated active chlorine as a free available chlorine (FAC); a fluid distribution system to supply FAC in form of an in-use fluid to the cabinet; wherein the system is configured to clean and disinfect an article with the fluid while complying with national and international standards for food safety, operator's safety and regulatory requirements regarding the use of biocides.

The invention belongs to the technical field of super-hydrophobic materials, and provides a Ni-based energetic metal organic super-hydrophobic composite membrane and a preparation method thereof, and the composite membrane is a super-hydrophobic energetic composite membrane Ni-4N-SA-W-Br with double functions of super-hydrophobic protection and damage energy release. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving 4-amino-1, 2, 4-triazole in ethanol, adding nickel perchlorate hexahydrate to obtain a suspension, carrying out centrifugal separation to obtain blue powder, carrying out hydrophobic modification by using stearic acid, adding water and then adding water-based resin to obtain a composite coating, and spraying to obtain the super-hydrophobic composite membrane. The structure of the Ni-based energetic metal organic complex is characterized, the performance of the super-hydrophobic composite membrane is tested, and the performance of the super-hydrophobic composite membrane is tested through an initial contact angle test, a friction contrast experiment and an energy release characteristic contrast experiment. The result shows that the Ni-4N-SA-W-Br is an energy-containing metal organic super-hydrophobic composite film with the damage energy release dual functions, which has excellent super-hydrophobic characteristic, durable characteristic and energy release characteristic.

The application provides a modified activated carbon for removing perchlorate in water for sheep farms and a preparation method thereof, relates to the field of water treatment, and the method carries out reaction on activated carbon in a citric acid aqueous solution, uniformly loads a carboxyl layer on the surface of the activated carbon, and obtains preliminarily modified activated carbon; carries out reaction on the preliminarily modified activated carbon in an alkaline polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution, and strong cation quaternary ammonium salt is adsorbed on the surface of the carboxyl layer through electrostatic action, thereby obtaining secondarily modified activated carbon; and carries out reaction on the secondarily modified activated carbon in a triethylenetetramine aqueous solution, so that triethylenetetramine molecules are further combined to the strong cation quaternary ammonium salt through electrostatic adsorption, thereby obtaining the modified activated carbon for removing perchlorate in water for sheep farms, the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon for solutes with negative charges is significantly enhanced, and the treatment efficiency of the overall farm environment on perchlorate is improved.

The invention discloses a hydrophobized thiol-modified silver nanostar paper-based material, a preparation method, and an application thereof, and belongs to the field of perchlorate detection. The method comprises the following steps: first, using NaCl to displace citrate modified on the surface of a silver nanostar sol, and then removing excess chloride ions to obtain the displaced silver nanostar sol; then, using 4-aminothiophenol to perform thiol modification on the displaced silver nanostar sol to obtain the thiol-modified silver nanostar sol; and finally, loading the thiol-modified silver nanostar sol on filter paper by vacuum filtration to obtain a paper-based substrate. The paper-based substrate is then hydrophobized using polydimethylsiloxane to obtain the hydrophobized thiol-modified silver nanostar paper-based material. The method is simple and reliable, and can achieve trace and rapid detection of perchlorate in water by synthesizing an AgNS structure with high plasmon activity, and then performing thiol modification, loading the paper-based substrate, and hydrophobizing the paper-based substrate.

The invention relates to a qualitative and quantitative method for liensinine perchlorate. The qualitative method comprises the following steps: weighing 1mg of liensinine perchlorate and 1mg of liensinine, uniformly grinding and tabletting the liensinine perchlorate and the liensinine with 100mg of potassium bromide respectively, acquiring an infrared spectrum of 4000-400cm <-1 > by adopting an infrared spectrometer, and comparing spectrograms to find that the peak shapes of the liensinine perchlorate and the liensinine are similar, the peak shapes of the liensinine perchlorate and the liensinine perchlorate are common characteristic peaks and the peak shapes of the liensinine perchlorate are unique characteristic peaks of the liensinine perchlorate and the liensinine are common characteristic peaks and the peak shapes of the The quantitative method comprises the following steps: weighing a series of liensinine perchlorate reference substances with different masses, uniformly grinding and tabletting the liensinine perchlorate reference substances and 100mg of potassium bromide respectively, collecting an infrared spectrum, carrying out integration on a 625cm <-1 > characteristic peak to obtain a peak area, and drawing a standard curve by taking the peak area as a vertical coordinate and taking the sampling mass of the reference substances as a horizontal coordinate; the method comprises the following steps: weighing a sample to be detected, collecting an infrared spectrum, integrating a 625cm <-1 > characteristic peak to obtain a peak area, substituting the peak area into the standard curve equation, calculating the mass of the liensinine perchlorate in the sample, and substituting the mass into the content calculation formula to obtain the content of the liensinine perchlorate in the sample. The method is good in precision, repeatability and stability, wide in linear range, high in linear correlation coefficient and high in recovery rate, the problem that liensinine interference cannot be avoided in an existing content determination method is effectively solved, whether liensinine perchlorate is generated or not can be qualitatively judged, and the quantity of liensinine perchlorate generated can be quantitatively detected; and a feasible new method is provided for production process optimization and quality evaluation of liensinine perchlorate.

The utility model discloses a reactor for degrading perchlorate wastewater, which comprises a resin adsorption unit, a biological culture unit and a washing liquid preparation unit which are connected through pipelines to form a closed loop system. The resin adsorption unit comprises an adsorption tank which is used for loading ion exchange resin and serves as a main body part for wastewater treatment; the biological culture unit comprises a biological culture tank which is internally provided with a microbial community and filler and is used for domesticating and culturing microorganisms; the alkali liquor preparation unit comprises an alkali liquor preparation tank and a stirrer and is used for preparing alkali liquor; the resin adopted by the utility model can be efficiently regenerated for multiple rounds, so that the treatment cost is reduced. The reaction condition requirement is mild, and the used device and equipment are simple and easy to implement. The reaction is rapid, and perchlorate in the wastewater can be efficiently degraded under the condition that new pollution is not introduced. A biological regeneration mode is adopted, so that the problem of secondary pollution caused by traditional chemical regeneration is avoided, meanwhile, the resource utilization efficiency is improved, and the operation cost of using a large number of chemical agents is reduced.

Aerobic microbial processes comprise culturing microbes comprising a (per)chlorate respiration pathway in a bioreactor in a bioprocess employing microbial respiration of chloroxyanions as a source of oxygen for the bioprocess, in the absence of external addition of molecular oxygen.

The invention belongs to the technical field of energetic materials, and discloses a novel diamine ternary self-assembly energetic material and a preparation method thereof. The chemical structural unit of the energetic material is composed of a double-protonated ethylenediamine cation, a double-protonated propane diamine cation and four perchlorate anions, the crystal of the energetic material belongs to a monoclinic system, and the space group of the energetic material is P21 / c. The material shows excellent comprehensive performance, including positive oxygen balance, positive enthalpy of formation, high theoretical specific impulse and good thermal stability and moisture absorption resistance. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving ethylenediamine and propane diamine in water to form a mixed solution, then adding a perchloric acid aqueous solution, magnetically stirring to separate out a white solid, and filtering to obtain a target product. The method takes water as a solvent, is simple in process, environment-friendly, low in cost and suitable for large-scale production, and provides a novel component which is high in performance and green in preparation for the field of energetic materials.

The invention relates to an electrolyte of a low-temperature water-based zinc ion battery, which is characterized in that an additive is formed by compounding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose and aspartame, and the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte at-30 DEG C is not less than 5 mS / cm; the zinc salt is one or more of zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, zinc perchlorate, zinc sulfate, zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate, zinc acetate, zinc citrate, zinc gluconate and zinc oxalate; the additives are sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose and aspartame; the problems that an existing aqueous battery electrolyte additive is high in cost, large in environmental pollution and the like are solved. By optimizing the electrolyte formula, the working performance of the aqueous zinc ion battery under the low-temperature condition is improved.

The invention discloses a method for oxidative depolymerization of a beta-O-4 lignin model compound based on an electrochemical continuous flow reactor, the reactor comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate and a snakelike reaction channel located between the anode plate and the cathode plate, and the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively connected with an anode and a cathode of a power supply; the method comprises the following steps: dissolving a beta-O-4 lignin model compound and tetraethylammonium perchlorate in a mixed solvent of acetonitrile and methanol to obtain a homogeneous solution, continuously introducing the homogeneous solution into a snakelike reaction channel of a reactor, and applying current to carry out an electrolytic reaction to prepare an aromatic compound; continuous depolymerization of the beta-O-4 lignin model compound can be achieved, products can be discharged in time, over-reaction can be relieved, enlargement is easy, meanwhile, due to the narrow gap and the large specific surface area of the reactor, the electrolyte concentration and the electrolytic tank pressure can be remarkably reduced, single-time conversion is achieved, the reaction rate is remarkably increased, the products are mainly benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal, and the cost is low. And the conversion rate and the yield are relatively high.

The invention provides a method for predicting hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of an organic matter and membrane pollution potential based on a differential spectrum, and belongs to the technical field of water quality monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps: titrating a water sample to be detected by using perchlorate, and predicting based on an ultraviolet visible light differential spectrum before and after titration of the water sample; the inlet water of the membrane system passes through a filter and is subjected to spectrum full scanning to obtain an ultraviolet visible light reference spectrum; the water sample enters a titration system, a perchlorate solution is dropwise added and uniformly mixed, spectrum full scanning is carried out, and volume concentration correction is carried out on the spectrum; performing total organic carbon normalization and difference on the ultraviolet visible spectrum of the sample before and after titration to obtain a difference spectrum, performing Gaussian peak division on the difference spectrum to obtain a Gaussian energy band, and determining the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the organic matters in the water sample and the membrane pollution potential according to the energy band ratio. The problems that an existing method for predicting the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the organic matter and the membrane pollution potential is tedious in pretreatment, complex in analysis procedure, long in time consumption and difficult to meet analysis of large-batch samples are solved.

The present invention discloses a perchlorate ammonium crystallization quality monitoring and metering system and a monitoring method, which relate to the field of perchlorate ammonium crystallization quality monitoring and metering systems. There are two groups of metering pump devices. One group of metering pump devices is installed at the bottom of the reactor and is used to measure the amount of perchlorate ammonium discharged into the collection tank; the other group of metering pump devices is installed on the outer surface of the by-product collection box and is used to measure the amount of perchlorate ammonium in the perchlorate ammonium layer. In the present invention, the amount of perchlorate ammonium measured by the metering device is more accurate, the problem of residue caused by materials flowing downward into the communication port is reduced and avoided, and the defect of waste of mechanical energy existing in the use of the metering device is made up for.

The application discloses a preparation method of chitosan / sodium alginate composite aerogel, which comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into an ice acetic acid solution to form a chitosan solution, adding sodium alginate into a NaOH solution to form a sodium alginate solution, dropping the chitosan solution into the sodium alginate solution, and stirring to form gel small balls; adding the gel small balls into a glutaraldehyde solution to obtain gel bead balls; and performing alkali washing on the gel bead balls to obtain chitosan / sodium alginate composite aerogel with holes. The composite aerogel prepared by the preparation method can purify low-concentration perchlorate in water bodies at a high adsorption rate. The application further discloses the chitosan / sodium alginate composite aerogel and application thereof in removing perchlorate.

The invention provides a particle size control method of perchlorate-based energetic double salt. The particle size control method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a solution; step 2, granularity control crystallization: directly pumping the perchlorate-based energy-containing double salt solution into a sample collection bottle according to a set feeding rate through a feeding pump, and meanwhile, introducing inert gas into the sample collection bottle according to a set gas flow rate through a pipeline gas flow regulator to carry out gas flow disturbance on the perchlorate-based energy-containing double salt solution, and stirring and dispersing the perchlorate-based energetic double salt in the solvent in the sample collection bottle, crystallizing, aging, filtering, washing and drying, and collecting to obtain the perchlorate-based energetic double salt with controlled particle size. According to the granularity control method, reaction parameters and conditions are easy to control stably, and the method is particularly suitable for preparing the ultrafine DAP-4 energetic material through crystallization.

The application discloses a method for pulse electrolysis of lignin, and the method comprises the following steps: performing pulse electrolysis reaction on a lignin dimer model compound in a three-electrode system acetonitrile medium system to obtain a small molecule aromatic monomer; the pulse electrolysis condition is that the pulse electrolysis is performed at a pulse potential of ±1.4V-±2.4V for 4-8h, the cycle is 5-20s, the duty cycle is 0.25-0.75, and the electrolyte is tetraethylammonium perchlorate. The pulse electrochemical method can electro-oxidize and depolymerize the C-O bond of the model compound at a lower potential, the problem of overoxidation at a high potential is relieved, and the product yield and product selectivity of the model compound are improved. The method has wide substrate applicability and can be effectively applied to the breaking of various C-O bonds.