2007 results about "Soil heavy metals" patented technology

The invention discloses a soil heavy mental repairing agent and a preparation method and an application thereof. The soil heavy mental repairing agent is composed of an organic material, a mineral raw material, a carbon material, an inorganic fertilizer and a microbial agent, wherein the viable count of the microbial agent is 1*10<7>-1*10<10>, the content of N, P2O5 and K2O is 8%-15% of the content of total nutrient, the content of the organic material is 20%-40% and pH is 5.5-8.5. The invention also provides an application method of the soil heavy mental repairing agent. The dosage is 80-150kg/mu; the effective heavy metal content of the soil can be effectively reduced; the heavy metal absorption of the crop can be obviously restrained; the crop yield and quality can be improved; the yield and income can be increased; the soil heavy mental repairing agent has significance in promoting social stability, economic growth and environmental diplomacy and guaranteeing ecological safety, food safety and human health.

The invention provides a farmland soil heavy metal pollution restoration method through coupling activating and passivating, belonging to the technical field of environmental technology. According to a technical scheme adopted by the invention, the farmland soil heavy metal pollution restoration method comprises the following steps: a step I, planting heavy metal hyper-accumulation plant, applying a heavy metal activator into the soil, collecting plant which is enriched with heavy metals; a step II, applying a heavy metal passivator into the soil, planting and harvesting crops with heavy metal content reaching the safety standard. By two different coupling technologies in the two government stages, on one hand, the concentration of heavy metals in the farmland soil is lowered with high efficiency, on the other hand, the farmland can be put into safety production as early as possible, so that the heavy metal pollution farmland soil restoration efficiency is improved generally, and the method can be applied to farmland soil with large-area heavy metal pollution.

The invention provides a decision-making system and method for heavy metal pollution of farmland soil. The method is based on monitoring data of heavy metal pollution of farmland soil in a monitoringarea, constructs a farmland soil heavy metal pollution risk comprehensive assessment index system, a graded early warning model, an emergency disposal model and a crop planting adjustment model to assess the risk of heavy metal pollution in the farmland soil and quickly make an emergency response, and at the same time, can also adjust the planting structure of crops in a heavily polluted area. Thesystem includes data collection, data management, risk assessment, graded early warning, emergency disposal, planting adjustment and information visualization modules which are used for monitoring, assessing and responding quickly to heavy metal pollution in the farmland soil. The decision-making system and method for the heavy metal pollution in the farmland soil according to the invention can significantly improve the automation and intelligence levels of management decision making of the heavy metal pollution in the farmland soil.

The invention discloses a composite passivant for soil polluted by heavy metal and a preparation method thereof. The composite passivant is prepared by three raw materials of power plant slags, sepiolite mineral powder and calcined lime in proportion. The preparation method comprises the following steps: A. preparing the power plant slags; B. preparing the sepiolite mineral powder preparation; and C. evenly mixing the raw materials prepared by steps A and B with the calcined lime, wherein the mixture is the composite passivant. By utilizing the composite passivant, the contents of the effective constituents, such as silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, ferric oxide and the like lowering the soil heavy metal activity is 78.2-90.6% which is calculated by the sum of SiO2, MgO, CaO, MnO2 and Fe2O3; the composite passivant can be widely used in various soils polluted by the heavy metal, especially the soil with visco-weight texture; and by using the composite passivant, the contents of cadmium and lead in a soil active state in the pollutant farmland are lowered by 15.9-48.4% and 26.2-56.4% respectively; the contents of the cadmium and the lead of agricultural products are lowered by 13.6-43.9% and 22.1-53.2% respectively; and the soil pH value is also improved by 0.21-0.46%. The composite passivant has various functions of passivating soil heavy metal, repairing acidification soil and improving the soil tilth and the like.

The invention discloses an ectopic classification leaching repair complete process of arsenic and heavy metal contaminated soil. The repair process comprises the following steps: the contaminated soil is magnetically separated to extract and recover target metals; a nonmagnetic component is divided into three grades by a vibrating screen after being primarily crushed; stones and boulders are flushed by clear water to directly serve as building materials; thick and fine soil particles obtained through screening respectively enter second-grade leaching mixing equipment for washing; the solid-liquid separation is performed for mud generated by washing through a two-stage hydraulic cyclone device; leaching waste liquid is purified and regenerated for recycling; sludge is added with such repair materials as curing/stabilizing agents for safety treatment after being dehydrated; and after the treatment, the soil particles can be backfilled, or can serve as roadbeds, building materials and the like. Based on the characteristic of large difference of arsenic and heavy metal contents in soils with different particle sizes, the soil leaching treatment according to the particle size is performed, so that the process has such advantages as low repair cost, high treatment efficiency and saving of energy consumption, provides a new method for soil heavy metal pollution abatement, and is broad in application prospect.

The invention discloses a heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner and a plant and chemistry combined remediation method. The heavy metal contaminated soil conditioner is a mixture of red mud and slaked lime. In the invention, the plant and chemistry combined remediation method is used, the pH of the soil is regulated by a chemical method, and heavy metals in the soil are absorbed by planting energy crops, hyperaccumulative plants and the like, thereby improving the soil properties, gradually reducing the content of heavy metals in the soil, finally achieving the purpose of soil remediation, improving the plant remediation efficiency, and being favorable to large-scale commercial application.

The invention provides a soil heavy metal composite passivating agent, comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass of: 25% of slaked lime, 10-20% of monopotassium phosphate, 20-45% of plant ash and 20-45% of silkworm excrement. With the adoption of the soil heavy metal composite passivating agent disclosed by the invention, compared with a control group, an effective state lead content of the soil polluted by heavy metal is reduced by 20.23-47.61% within culture time of 30 days, and an effective state cadmium content is reduced by 20.15-50.57%; the passivating effect of the soil heavy metal composite passivating agent on the heavy metal is extremely obvious; and meanwhile, compared with the control group, the content of organic matters is improved by 48.62-64.47%, and the soil fertility is obviously improved. A method disclosed by the invention is applicable to repairing large-area heavy metal polluted soil and comprises the steps of repairing a heavy metal polluted farmland and repairing a heavy metal polluted mine; and the method has the advantages of lower cost, rapidness for repairing, simplicity in operation, feasible method and extremely great popularization value.

The invention discloses a modeling method of a soil heavy metal content detection model and the application thereof. The modeling method includes the steps of collecting a soil sample, collecting the X-ray fluorescence spectrum of the sample, measuring the reference value of heavy metal element content to be measured in the soil sample, and establishing the correcting relation between the X-ray fluorescence spectrum and the reference value of heavy metal element content. The method can simultaneously perform rapid nondestructive examination to various heavy metal element contents of soil, has wide range of application and high universality and provides a technological base for the on-site detection of farmland soil heavy metal pollution.

The invention relates to a method of restoring plants that are polluted by heavy metal with little hairy euphorbia or interplant of the little hairy euphorbia and ramie planted in the heavy metal polluted field, or inoculating heavy metal activated bacteria that are bacillocin or pseudomonas after planting the above-mentioned plants. With above-mentioned plant which absorbs heavy mental and the activated bacteria that breaks heavy metal away from the plant 's root and activates them, the invention makes the heavy metal polluted field restored quickly and effectively.

The invention relates to the soil improvement technology and the environment protection technology, in particular to a soil heavy metal passivant for the facilities vegetable field and a preparation method thereof for solving the problem that due to solid heavy metal pollution, the sustainable utilization of the facilities vegetable field is influenced. The soil heavy metal passivant for the facilities vegetable field comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 30 percent of medical stone powder, 10 to 30 percent of diatomite in powder, 10 to 20 percent of zeolite powder, 20 to 30 percent of lignite and 25 to 35 percent of fly ash. The preparation method for the soil heavy metal passivant comprises the following steps: mixing the medical stone powder passing through a 80-mesh screen, the diatomite in powder passing through a 80-mesh screen and the zeolite powder passing through a 80-mesh screen with lignite and uniformly stirring the mixture; and mixing the mixture with the fly ash passing through a 80-mesh screen, sufficiently stirring the mixture and after mixing uniformly, preparing the soil heavy metal passivant. The invention has simple preparation method and achieves the effects of passivating the soil heavy metals in the facilities vegetable filed and reducing the content of heavy metals in the soil which can be utilized by the crops by synergistic effect of the components.

The invention discloses a soil heavy metal composite passivator with humic acid minerals and a preparation method thereof. The soil heavy metal composite passivator is prepared by humic acid mineral powder, fused calcium magnesium phosphate and quick lime according to a certain proportion. The preparation method comprises the following steps: A, preparing the humic acid mineral powder: taking humic acid raw ore, carrying out ball-milling to the humic acid raw ore, and sieving the humic acid raw ore by a 110-140-mesh sieve for standby; and B, uniformly mixing the raw material prepared in the step A, fused calcium magnesium phosphate and quick lime, adjusting the water content of the mixture to be 10% counting by H2O, and stacking the mixture for five-seven days to obtain the soil heavy metal composite passivator with the humic acid minerals, so that the operation is simple and the method is easy to implement. By the invention, the available cadmium content of red sand mud soil with thefull-cadmium content of 10mg/kg (by exogenous adding) is reduced by 0.36-2.25mg/kg within ninety-day culture time, the reduction amplitude reaches up to 4.7-25.7%, the efficiency of the soil heavy metal composite passivator with the humic acid minerals under a water condition of 45% WHC (Water-holding Capacity) is better than that under a flooded condition, and the soil heavy metal composite passivator with the humic acid minerals also has the functions of passivating heavy metal in soil, soil fertility and the like and has significant popularization and application values in vast heavy metalpollution regions.

The invention relates to soil heavy metal pollution treatment technology, in particular to a chemical leaching restoration method used for heavy metal and arsenic mercury polluted soil. Prior soil chemical leaching restoration methods concentrate on the polluted soil caused by one or a plurality of heavy metals (cadmium, copper, lead and zinc, etc.,), which do not have ideal restoration effect to soil with the pollution of both arsenic in the form of negative ions and mercury which is volatile metal. Aiming at the problem, the method uses the combination of three reagents, namely, Na2EDTA, oxalic acid and KI and leaching method with fractional steps for realizing the chemical restoration of the cadmium, the copper, the lead, the zinc, the arsenic and the mercury, etc., in the polluted soil so that the heavy metal in the polluted soil can reach the environmental safety standards. The soil after the leaching treatment is washed by water, and then is refilled in the original position; therefore, no secondary pollution can be caused.

The invention discloses a heavy metal composite passivating agent used for paddy soil and a preparation method thereof. The heavy metal composite passivating agent is prepared from three raw materials, namely meerschaum mineral powder, iron and manganese oxides and quicklime, in proportion by the following steps of: A, preparing the meerschaum mineral powder; B preparing the iron and manganese oxides; and C, uniformly mixing the raw materials prepared in the steps A and B with the quicklime to obtain the composite passivating agent. The heavy metal composite passivating agent has a reasonable formula, the method is easy and simple to operate; and the heavy metal composite passivating agent can reduce 70.5 to 95.0 percent of the content of the effective components of meerschaum with heavy metal activity, the iron and manganese oxides (Fe2O3+MnO2), calcium oxide (CaO) and the like in the soil, and also has multiple functions of passivating soil heavy metals, restoring acidified soil and the like, can reduce the contents of active cadmium and lead in the soil of a polluted paddy field by 39.7 to 53.8 percent and 49.9 to 59.1 percent respectively, lower the contents of the cadmium and the lead in agriculture products by 35.1 to 46.9 percent and 35.3 to 53.1 percent respectively, and simultaneously improve the pH value of the soil by 0.22 and 0.43. The heavy metal composite passivating agent is mainly used for paddy production of extensive heavy metal pollution zones, and can also be used for the productions of corns, vegetables and the like planted in paddy fields.

The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy metal pollution soil restoration, and particularly relates to a soil heavy metal passivator, a preparation method thereof, and a passivation method thereof on soil cadmium. The soil heavy metal passivator provided by the invention is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 30 to 50 parts of modified alkali minerals, 10 to 15 parts of rotten agriculture and forestry wastes, 1 to 10 parts of soil conditioners, 1 to 5 parts of pH sensitive gel, 1 to 5 parts of phosphogypsum, and 0.1 to 5 parts of graphene. The soil heavy metal passivator provided by the invention has stronger adsorbing and chelating functions, can effectively fix heavy metal cadmium in the soil, and prevents effective cadmium from entering into crops; regulation can be carried out according to the soil pH, so that the utilization ratio and the long-term stability of the soil heavy metal passivator are improved; meanwhile, with an added soil conditioner, the soil environment can be improved, and the soil fertility is improved. The passivator provided by the invention can better meet the urgent demand of heavy metal pollution soil restoration in China currently on strong stability, no secondary pollution, and durable and stable effect.

The invention relates to a heavy metal lead and cadmium antibiotic-resistant bacterium and a method for strengthening lead and cadmium heavy metals in the vegetable extraction soil, and belongs to the agricultural and environmental pollution treatment technical field. The J62 culture stain is appraised as the Burkholderia sp, has antibiotic resistance to a plurality of heavy metals, in particular to lead and cadmium, respectively reaching Pb<2+>1000mg/L and Cd<2+>2000mg/L. The invention has the characteristics of nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilizing, and can promote the growth of the plant and improve the stress resistance of the plant. The effective living microbial numbers of the liquid preparation are above a billion per millimeter, and the effective living microbial numbers of the solid preparation are 200 millions per gram. When the seeds of the plant are seminated in humid soil containing heavy metals, 10 to 20mL of the bacteria liquid of 10<8> bacteria J62/mLs is inoculated in each grams of soil once or in two times. The invention promotes the growth of the plant, strengthens the enrichment of heavy metal lead and cadmium of the plant, and improves the extraction and recovery efficiency of the plant.

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and in particular relates to a soil remediation agent for treating heavy metal pollution and a production method of the soil remediation agent. The soil remediation agent consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35 to 65 percent of active molasses yeast waste water chelate powder, 5 to 20 percent of silicon dioxide, 5 to 15 percent of calcium oxide, 1 to 10 percent of magnesium oxide, 0.3 to 10 percent of ammonium persulfate, 5 to 28 percent of humic acid and derivatives thereof, 0.1 to 15 percent of microcapsule inoculants, 0.1 to 5 percent of a macromolecular water-retaining agent, 0.1 to 5 percent of a heavy metal passivant, 1 to 5 percent of auxiliary agents and 1 to 45 percent of inorganic mixed fertilizer. Compared with the prior art, the soil remediation agent provided by the invention has the advantages that the organic waste liquid of yeast industry serves as one of the main raw material, so the environmental pollution caused by the organic waste liquid is reduced and the cost of the soil remediation agent is reduced; precipitation and biological action are combined, so a good effect of treating the heavy metal pollution is achieved; the main components also comprise organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, so the heavy metal pollution can be effectively treated, production and income of crops are increased, continuous cropping resistance of the crops is achieved, and potential application and popularization values are achieved.

The invention provides an ecological water conservancy restoration system and method for heavy metal polluted farmland soil. The ecological water conservancy restoration method comprises elution and purification of soil heavy metals in a planting intermission period and water and fertilizer combined prevention and control of soil residual heavy metals in a planting period; in a rice planting intermission period, circular treatment of environmental-protection elution, field water recession and forced drainage and receded water ecological purification is carried out on heavy metal polluted soil sequentially, so that overproof heavy metals in rice soil can be gradually transferred into a water body to be treated, and thus the rice field is cleaned; in a rice planting period, field water and fertilizer combined prevention and control is carried out on the residual heavy metals after the rice soil is eluted, so as to prevent and control the heavy metals from entering the rice; a series of treatment measures to the soil heavy metals in the rice planting intermission period and the planting period can ensure the treatment on symptoms and root causes of the heavy metal polluted rice soil and further can ensure the safe planting of rice.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil heavy metal remediation, specifically discloses a method for preparing the iron-based biochar material, the iron-based biochar material prepared there from and a method for controlling the heavy metal pollution in soil using the iron-based biochar material. For the iron-based biochar material of the present invention, by using a method of high-temperature carbonization, a biomass is used as a raw material and an iron-containing compound is add in the process of preparing biochar, wherein iron is incorporated in a specific ratio, to form the iron-based biochar material with a special structure and function. The material has a simple preparation process, low cost and a short production period; the prepared iron-based biochar material has an unique effect on the arsenic-cadmium combined pollution soil remediation, can effectively reduce the bioavailability of arsenic and cadmium in the soil, significantly reduces the arsenic and cadmium contents in the agricultural products planted in the arsenic-cadmium combined pollution soil, and has no toxic and side effects on the crops, is safe to apply and can be applied to the control of arsenic-cadmium combined pollution soil in a large scale.

The invention provides a method for restoring heavy metal pollution of vegetable field soil with an in-situ passivation method. The method comprises the step of applying sepiolite and monocalcium phosphate in the vegetable field soil to be restored according to the proportions of 3-9 percent and 0.25 percent of the dry soil according to the specific pollution condition and mixing evenly the sepiolite and monocalcium. The invention reasonably uses passivation materials of sepiolite and monocalcium, remarkably reduces the bioavailability and transferability of the soil heavy metal by reactions of absorption, complexation and precipitation, and the like between the sepiolite and monocalcium and the heavy metal element, simultaneously improves the self-cleaning capacity of the soil, improves the soil fertility condition so as to produce high-quality and high-yield vegetables and restore the ecological function and industrial function of the vegetable field soil. The invention has the advantages of wide material source, simple use method, low cost, favorable restoring effect, wide application range, no secondary pollution and favorable ecological benefits and economical benefits.

The invention provides a broad spectrum heavy metal activity deactivator preparation method. The present invention relates to a soil conditioning agent preparation method, which comprises the following steps: (A) taking humic acid-rich peat, digest compost or a forest soil humus layer, and carrying out screening to provide a spare use; (B) adding the humic acid-rich material to HCl or HNO3 to soak, and stirring 2-3 times; (C) filtering the soaked material with a bamboo drying pad, washing 2-3 times with clear water, and carrying out air drying to a moisture content of less than 5%; (D) sequentially adding ZnSO4.7H2O, sodium silicate and sodium selenite to the material obtained from the step (C), carrying out aging on the mixed material for 2-3 days and uniformly mixing; and (E) adding limestone powder to the material obtained from the step (D), and completely and uniformly mixing to prepare the broad spectrum heavy metal deactivator. With the combination inhibitor prepared by the preparation method, activities of soil heavy metals can be significantly inactivated, the heavy metals can be inhibited from entering the food chain, and risks on human health by the heavy metals can be reduced.

The invention relates to a soil remediation method, which comprises the following steps that: 1) a liquid injecting well for injecting chitosan leacheate through a pump is arranged in a soil polluted area, the chitosan leacheate enters the inside of polluted soil through the liquid injecting well, soil percolate seeps through underground water, and heavy metal active ingredients in the soil and the underground water are eluted by the chitosan leacheate to form stable chitosan-metal chelate; and 2) a permeable reactive barrier filled with active substances is constructed in a direction which is vertical to the flow direction of the underground water at the periphery of the liquid injecting well, the soil percolate and the polluted underground water flow through the permeable reactive barrier filled with the active substances, and polluted substances such as the chitosan-metal chelate and the like in the soil and the underground water are removed. Through the soil remediation method, heavy metals in the soil can be effectively removed, a polluted underground water system can be remediated, and most of the heavy metals contained in the soil and the underground water can be gathered in the active substances of the permeable reactive barrier, so that the heavy metals can be recycled. The heavy metal content of the remediated soil and the water quality of the percolate passing through the reactive barrier meet the corresponding national standard.

The invention discloses a detection time and position controllable laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) detection device, belongs to a technology for detecting metal elements in complex samples, and particularly relates to the technical field of soil heavy metal pollution element detection. The device is characterized in that: a fiber is axially vertical to a laser excitation beam and aligned with a plasma spark center position, the detection position is accurately adjusted through a one-dimensional platform in a range of below 5 millimeters, the device is provided with built-in LIBS acquisition control software for controlling the detection time, and the acquired spectrum has high signal-to-background ratio. The device has high working speed, and is simple in sample treatment, suitable for detecting multiple substances and convenient to carry.

The invention discloses a preparation method of modified micron zero-valent iron and an application method of the modified micron zero-valent iron in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. The preparation method of the modified micron zero-valent iron comprises the steps of cleaning of iron raw materials, preparation of micro iron, ultrafine grinding and modifying treatment. A modifying agent composed of water, xanthan gum, sulfide, a stabilizing agent, zeolite and blast furnace slag is adopted in the step of modifying treatment. The preparation method of the modified micron zero-valent iron has the beneficial effects that the production process of the modified micron zero-valent iron is simple, and the effect similar or superior to micron zero-valent iron is achieved while the cost is reduced; and in addition, the reaction activity is controlled, the oxidation rate is decreased, excellent stability is obtained, and the acting time of the micron zero-valent iron is longer. By the adoption of the application method of the modified micron zero-valent iron, the remediation cost of heavy metal contaminated underground water is further reduced. According to the preparation method of the modified micron zero-valent iron and the application method of the modified micron zero-valent iron in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, organic fertilizer is added in the soil treatment process so that the fertility of soil can be improved, the structure of soil can be improved through humic acid produced by the organic fertilizer, heavy metal elements, such as lead, chromium and arsenic, in underground water can be removed, and the concentration of pollutants such as nitrate and perchlorate can be reduced.

The invention relates to a remediation method of heavy metal contaminated soil, which comprises the following steps that: the heavy metal contaminated soil with lower soil nutrient and organic matter contents is selected to be remedied; the remediation plant sedum plumbizincicola is planted; an organic waste and a bio-surfactant are respectively added at a rhizosphere when the plant height grow to be 5 to 10cm; the bio-surfactant is repeatedly added to the soil every 60d; and after the remediation plant matures, the ground and underground parts are harvested and are centrally treated; and the content of heavy metal in soil is determined. By adding agricultural organic wastes, the soil nutrient and organic matter contents are improved, the increase of plant growth and root exudates is promoted, thus increasing the accumulation of heavy metal in underground roots and ground stems and leaves of the plants, and the quantity of rhizosphere soil microbes. The heavy metals are desorbed from soil particles by the bio-surfactant so as to improve the bioavailability of the heavy metals.