6478 results about "Groundwater" patented technology

This invention discloses a cost-effective process for separating contaminants and a wide-range of fouling material from surface water, ground water and from industrial effluents. Having undergone effective pre-treatment, the water can be purified further by using high-surface area spirally wound micro-filtration (MF), ultra-filtration (UF), nano-filtration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. High-quality potable water free from pathogen and other contaminants is thus produced at low-cost from the pre-treated surface water and ground-water. Conversely, pre-treated industrial effluents are further purified at a relatively low-cost using NF or RO membranes, thus producing water suitable for recycle or surface discharge. The process of this invention uses cationic inorganic and/or polymeric flocculants to coagulate and flocculate the water-borne colloidal matter (e.g. clays, iron hydroxides, naturally occurring matter (NOM's), etc.), followed by filtration using a multi-media filter, charge neutralization and reversal and final filtration using a 5-micron cartridge filter. These pre-treatment steps provides a good quality water having a low Silt Density Index and a significant negative zeta potential, thereby ensuring against irreversible chemical fouling of the spirally-wound membranes.

A dry powdered flowable cement composition contains calcium carbonate and a partially decarbonated magnesium carbonate. A slurry of the composition will set hard with various organic fillers including waste products and toxic waste. The composition can be slurried with contaminated water such as sea water, mineral laden ground water and muddy water. A high percentage of filler can be added while still having an acceptable set.

The present invention relates to methods of making and using and compositions of metal nanoparticles formed by green chemistry synthetic techniques. For example, the present invention relates to metal nanoparticles formed with solutions of plant extracts and use of these metal nanoparticles in removing contaminants from soil and groundwater and other contaminated sites. In some embodiments, the invention comprises methods of making and using compositions of metal nanoparticles formed using green chemistry techniques.

A chemical-sensing apparatus is formed from the combination of a chemical preconcentrator which sorbs and concentrates particular volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) and one or more chemiresistors that sense the VOCs after the preconcentrator has been triggered to release them in concentrated form. Use of the preconcentrator and chemiresistor(s) in combination allows the VOCs to be detected at lower concentration than would be possible using the chemiresistor(s) alone and further allows measurements to be made in a variety of fluids, including liquids (e.g. groundwater). Additionally, the apparatus provides a new mode of operation for sensing VOCs based on the measurement of decay time constants, and a method for background correction to improve measurement precision.

The invention discloses a method for establishing a network model based on a serial section image, belonging to the technical field of image processing and relating to a method for establishing a network model of characteristics of porous medium (rock) containing liquid such as underground crude oil, natural gas, underground water, and the like. The method is characterized in that a group of serial bidimensional section images inside a microcosmic model are processed so as to divide rock granules and pore spaces; on the basis of reconstructing three-dimensional images for the pore spaces, size distribution and topology information of pores and throats is extracted to finally establish a network model, therefore, image information is converted into the size distribution and topology information of the pores and throats in a three-dimensional space. The invention provides the method for establishing the network model based on section images of actual porous medium, has strong pertinence and high practicability, and can be effectively used for description and digital management of actual rock pore spaces and seepage characteristic thereof.

The invention provides a geologic environment simulation experiment device, which comprises a machine stand, a water storage tank, a simulation case with its lower reach end hinged with the machine stand, a rainfall case installed at the top of the machine stand, a geologic body simulation cavity in the simulation case, a water supply cavity and a water discharge cavity that are respectively positioned at the upper and lower reach ends of the geologic simulation cavity and are communicated to the geologic body simulation case, a conatant head water level overflow case and a discharge overflow case that are respectively positioned at the external side end of the upper and lower reaches of the simulation case, a conatant head overflow cavity that are respectively communicated to the water storage tank and the water supply cavity via a pipeline and a conatant head overflow backwater cavity that is communicated to the water storage tank via an overflow backwater pipe are positioned in the conatant head water level overflow case; at least three groups of piezometer are mounted vertically on the wall of the simulation cavity; one end of a piezometer hose that is communicated to the bottom of the piezometer passes the a simulation wall and extends into the simulation cavity. Therefore, the invention is able to simulate the formation and control of geologic disaster as well as the rules for the motion of groundwater.

A basement flood control system for use in a structure having a basement floor located below ground level and having a sump pit or other collection basin for gathering subterranean water. The system has two primary pump units operated with line current, a battery-operated back-up pump unit, and a sensor arrangement for sensing water level in the collection basin. A controller is connected to the sensor arrangement and the pump units for variously activating the pump units singly or in any combination responsive to the water level detected by the sensor arrangement.

The invention discloses a multi-field coupling true triaxial test system and an experiment method implemented by the same. The multi-field coupling true triaxial test system is characterized by comprising a true triaxial double-cavity pressure chamber (1), an axial loading system (2), a confining pressure/back pressure loading system (3), a temperature control system (4), a permeation control system (5), a gas loading system (6), a bending element experiment system (7) and a computer (8). The multi-field coupling true triaxial test system and the experiment method have the advantages that stress fields and seepage fields are controlled, and accordingly simulation research can be carried out on seepage anisotropy of rock and soil mass; influence of environmental factors on freezing nucleusor frozen soil samples can be simulated under the effects of temperature fields, the seepage fields and the stress fields; research can be carried out on the physical and mechanical properties of unsaturated frozen soil under the effects of the temperature fields and the stress fields; simulation research can be carried out on change of the physical and earth properties of sediments in generationand decomposition procedures of natural hydrates under multi-field coupling conditions, and simulation research can be carried out on mutual displacement effects between hydrate gas in the sediments and underground water; simulation research can be carried out on the physical and mechanical properties of unsaturated soil under the multi-field coupling conditions.

Proppants for use in fractured or gravel packed/frac packed oil and gas wells are provided with a contaminant removal component to remove one or more of the contaminants found in subterranean water/hydrocarbon from a production well. The water/hydrocarbon cleaning proppant solids may be used as discrete particles in a proppant formulation, as a coating on proppant solids in pores of a porous proppant solid or as part of the proppant's internal structure. The contaminant removal component removes contaminants, especially dissolved contaminants, in the subterranean water or hydrocarbon before the water/hydrocarbon leaves the well. For those contaminant removal components that can be regenerated, such as ion exchange resins, a measured quantity of an acidic regeneration solution can be injected into the fractured stratum for regeneration and recovered when the well resumes production.

The present invention discloses a running sand layer and sandy gravel layer dynamic-water double-liquid high-pressure slurry-injecting water-shutoff construction method which comprises the following construction steps: drilling a hole, flushing the hole, executing double-liquid high-pressure slurry-injecting operation and sealing the hole. The running sand layer and sandy gravel layer slurry-injecting liquid adopts an ordinary portland cement (P.O.42.5) and 40''Be sodium silicate as material for preparing the slurry, according to the weight proportion of water: cement, namely the cement slurry is prepared with the water cement ratio for 0.5-1.2:1. Then the slurry-injecting liquid is prepared with the volume ratio of cement slurry: sodium silicate for 1:0.08-0.15. The sodium silicate is taken as additive for regulating the initial setting time of the slurry-injecting liquid. The cement slurry can also be doped with fly-ash with cement consumption (weight proportion) for 10%-15%. The invention executes water-insulating construction aiming at the characteristics of large pressure of the underground dynamic water and high flowing velocity in the running sand layer and sandy gravel layer, and can obtain the maximal application sphere and optimum water-shutoff effect.

A system and method for restoring the natural water cycle by reducing stormwater runoff and addressing issues affecting groundwater supply. In one embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a roof washer component, cistern component, pump, and manufactured dry well. The system is designed to divert polluted rooftop runoff, capture clean rooftop runoff and store this clean water for irrigation purposes and nonpotable uses, while infiltrating excess water to recharge groundwater supplies thereby replicating the natural hydrologic cycle.

The present invention provides a process for removing arsenic from ground water to be processed and used in remote dwellings. The process includes (a) contacting a clay, a coagulant, and an oxidizer with water containing arsenic to form a coagulated colloidal mixture; (b) adsorbing the arsenic onto the coagulated colloidal mixture; and (c) separating the water from the coagulated colloidal mixture. The invention also provides a composition ready for use in removing arsenic from ground water to be used in remote areas. The composition includes an activated clay, a coagulant, and an oxidizer in predetermined proportions for efficient removal of arsenic from ground water.

The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of waste resources from the aluminum industry and specifically discloses a comprehensive utilization method of aluminum ash. According to the comprehensive utilization method of aluminum ash, metallic aluminium is extracted from aluminum ash through an ore grinding method; the aluminum ash obtained after aluminium extraction undergoes catalytic deamination; the aluminum ash obtained after deamination is mixed with alkali and granulation forming is then carried out; and the granulation product is sintered and the sintered product is finally dissolved out. By the above method, useful components in the aluminum ash can be recovered to the maximum; ammonia gas which has been ignored for a long time is effectively recovered; components such as aluminium oxide, villiaumite and the like are recovered and utilized to the maximum; pollution of aluminum ash processing to the environment is avoided; atmospheric dust pollution is avoided; atmospheric pollution is also avoided due to ammonia gas recovery; pollution of aluminum ash stacking to underground water and soil is avoided due to extraction and recovery of fluoride salt; and environmental safety during the treating process is guaranteed.

A lateral pipe lining material comprises a tubular resin-absorbing material impregnated with a curable resin and a brim attached at one end thereof. The lining material is positioned so that the brim faces a peripheral edge of a lateral pipe opening of the main pipe. A ring-shaped gasket composed of an elastic material is attached to an upper surface of the brim, and a bonding resin is applied thereto. The gasket seals a gap between an inner peripheral surface of the main pipe and the brim. The lateral pipe lining material is evertedly inserted into the lateral pipe in a state in which the bonding resin applied to the brim is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the main pipe. In such a configuration, ground water can be prevented from seeping into the bonding resin applied to the brim even if the ground water flows into the main pipe from a break of the lateral pipe.

An apparatus for and method of filtering hydrocarbon contaminated water is disclosed herein. The present invention may be used in drainage openings, particularly in parking lots and containment areas for large sources of hydrocarbons such as oil tanks or electrical transformers, to remove hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon contaminated water. The apparatus has a filtration compartment which filters out debris and sediment which may clog the treatment compartment. A pre-filter attachable to the apparatus may be used to further aid in filtering out sediment. A means for melting snow and ice may be incorporated within the filtration compartment such that liquid flow is not hindered during extreme weather conditions. The treatment compartment contains a hydrocarbon absorption media which absorbs any hydrocarbons present in the water rendering such water substantially hydrocarbon-free for discharge directly into a stream or groundwater. In the event of a hydrocarbon spill, the hydrocarbon absorption media forms a plug which seals off the flow of contaminated water. A hydrocarbon solubilizing material capable of effectively removing sheen in a first pass may be disposed as a top layer over the hydrocarbon absorption media. Preferably, each compartment is manufactured as a cartridge which may be dropped into a housing inserted into a drain opening.

The invention relates to a base pit dewatering and water saving device and a construction method thereof. The middle part of the base pit of a baseboard structure is provided with a well pit; the well pit is internally and vertically provided with a no-sand tube; pebbly sand is filled between the bottom and periphery of the no-sand tube; the top of the no-sand tube is higher than the top surface of the well pit; a water pump is arranged in the no-sand tube; blinding layer concrete is poured at the top surface of the well pit which is at the periphery of the no-sand tube and the side wall of the base pit of the baseboard structure; and the top elevation of the no-sand tube is flush with the elevation of a blinding layer; a dewatering conduit is pre-buried in a base pit baseboard right above the no-sand tube, a waterproof layer is paved on the blinding layer concrete, a layer of waterproof and protective concrete is poured on the waterproof layer, and the base pit baseboards are poured above the waterproof and protective concrete and at the periphery of the dewatering conduit. The method of the invention has lower investment, saved cost and less amount of dewatering amount, thereby reducing the loss of underground water and protecting water resource; and the method can be adopted for a project in which the well point dewatering method is not ideal for dewatering or a project in which the underground water is near the base pit elevation.

A basement engineering waterproof and drainage method is provided. The wall footing of the outside wall in basement engineering is embedded in watertight or micro-watertight soil rock layer or cement soil layer. The wall footing intercepts water by a thin-part structure. The cushion of the basement engineering soleplate and the falling layer of the top board are composed of combined water-proof layers. The late poured band, the movement joint and the horizontal construction joint at the lower part of the outside wall are treated by a water-proof structure combined with waterproofing measures. The basement engineering is provided with a drainage system. The groundwater and surface water at the soleplate are drained into city drainage pipelines via a soleplate part of the drainage system. The rainwater of overburden layer bottom of the top board is then drained into city drainage pipelines via the indoor part of the drainage system. The invention is designed by adopting a one-body method of arranging the basement engineering waterproofing, drainage and anti-floating as well as underground engineering space enclosing structure and pipelines, thereby shortening the construction period, reducing the engineering cost, increasing the durability and reliability of underground building space enclosing structure and waterproof layer as well as pipelines.

The invention provides vehicle-mounted repairing equipment for polluted site soil and underground water body, which comprises a dry powder hopper, a level meter, a feeding motor, a stirring machine, a mixing tank, a liquid level meter, a flowmeter, a magnetic valve, a tap water pipe, a liquid preparation feeding pipe, an eclectic cabinet, a touch screen operating system, an alarm, a plunger pump, a mixed liquid output pipe and a pressure meter. A repairing method comprises the steps of: adding a solid preparation into the dry powder hopper, adding the preparation into the mixing tank by using the feeding motor, introducing water or other solvent through a water inlet pipe, stirring by using the stirring machine to ensure that the solid preparation is fully dissolved in water or other solvents to prepare a repairing preparation with required concentration; or directly adding a liquid preparation into the mixing tank, introducing the water or other solvents through the water inlet pipe to ensure that the liquid preparation is diluted into the repairing preparation with the required concentration. Through automatically or manually starting the plunger pump, the repairing preparation is pressurized and injected into a polluted medium through the mixed liquid output pipe and reacts with pollutants in the medium, thus the purpose of efficient repairing is achieved.