344 results about "Shotcrete" patented technology

The invention discloses a soft rock waterproof layer construction method for a soft rock large-deformation section tunnel, and relates to the technical field of soft rock waterproof layer construction of the soft rock large-deformation section tunnel. The construction method of the soft rock waterproof layer for the tunnel at the large deformation section of the soft rock comprises the steps that a sprayed concrete layer is constructed, a full-ring-shaped steel arch frame is erected, system anchor rods are constructed, concrete is sprayed again after full-length grouting is conducted, and a primary supporting layer containing a grouting reinforcing ring is formed; locking anchor pipe grouting is carried out on the arch springing part to form a local reinforced waterproof bearing body; based on deformation monitoring data, dynamic judgment is carried out, and radial reinforcing grouting is carried out on the obvious deformation part; and after deformation is stable, a waterproof layer is laid, a secondary lining is poured, and a composite waterproof system is formed. The waterproof reliability and the structural durability of the soft rock waterproof layer of the tunnel at the large deformation section of the soft rock can be improved.

This invention discloses a heat-insulating and heat-resistant shotcrete and its preparation method. This heat-insulating and heat-resistant shotcrete is composed of cement, modified silica mortar, modified heat-insulating ceramsite, fine aggregate, water, admixtures, and accelerators. In this invention, high-strength shale ceramsite with surface modification using hydrogel is introduced as a heat-insulating filler, significantly improving the dispersion and stability of lightweight aggregate in the mortar. It also possesses strong water absorption and slow-release capabilities and surface sealing functions, enabling it to provide pore insulation and internal curing through water storage and release in high-temperature environments. The addition of modified silica mortar, which effectively improves the high-temperature stability and density of the mortar hydration products, comprehensively enhances the homogeneity of the shotcrete mixture, the heat insulation performance of the hardened body, and the strength development and durability under high-temperature conditions. This effectively improves tunnel chamber temperature and extends the service life of the shotcrete under high-temperature conditions. The heat-insulating and heat-resistant shotcrete technology has a clear working mechanism, simple production process, and excellent performance. It is suitable for large-scale production and is of great significance for the high-quality construction of underground projects such as tunnels and mines in high-temperature and high-temperature water inrush environments.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, and discloses an assembly type corrugated steel plate preliminary bracing structure for a vertical shaft, which comprises an assembly type corrugated steel plate layer and a plurality of anchor rods, the assembly type corrugated steel plate layer is formed by splicing a plurality of corrugated steel plate units, and one end of each anchor rod is fixed on surrounding rock. The other end of the anchor rod is fixedly connected with the corrugated steel plate unit, and a grouting layer is filled between the assembly type corrugated steel plate layer and the surrounding rock, so that the complex links of material field processing, layered concrete spraying and the like are reduced, and the construction process is greatly simplified; in terms of construction pollution, a large amount of dust generated by sprayed concrete is avoided, the construction environment is improved, the corrugated steel plate layer cooperates with the anchor rod, the grouting layer, the reinforcing mesh and the like to form a stable supporting system, the arc-shaped corrugated steel plate body is attached to the surrounding rock, the zinc coating enhances corrosion resistance, and the foam pad improves the durability of the structure. The tunnel supporting target which is efficient, environmentally friendly, economical, stable and reliable is achieved on the whole.

The invention provides a repairable lining structure for a tunnel to pass through an active fault and a construction method of the repairable lining structure, belongs to the technical field of tunnel lining structures, and solves the problem that a lining structure for the tunnel to pass through the active fault is difficult to repair in waterproof and drainage. The primary supporting layer comprises sprayed concrete and anchor rods, the buffering energy dissipation layer comprises an outer side energy dissipation filling layer and an inner side elastic buffering layer (having the waterproof plate function), the repairable secondary lining layer is of a sectional structure, and a repairing channel is formed between every two adjacent lining sections. The lining structure provided by the invention has strong anti-dislocation performance and convenient repairability, the waterproof and drainage system and the like can be quickly repaired without dismantling an original main body structure after fault dislocation, meanwhile, the long-term operation safety of the structure is guaranteed, and the lining structure has important significance for improving the durability of tunnel engineering and reducing the maintenance difficulty of the tunnel engineering.

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a tunnel local sprayed concrete flatness real-time detection method, which comprises an industrial computer, a wireless communication module, a mobile bearing platform, and a data acquisition unit, a transposition mechanism, a telescopic mechanism and a rotating mechanism which are arranged on the mobile bearing platform, the data acquisition unit comprises a laser distance measuring sensor used for scanning the initial spraying surface of the tunnel. According to the tunnel local sprayed concrete flatness real-time detection method, real-time and non-contact three-dimensional scanning and accurate reconstruction of the surface morphology of tunnel initial sprayed concrete are realized through arrangement of a high-precision laser distance measuring sensor and a wireless communication module and data analysis, so that the quality control level of tunnel construction is greatly improved; and a solid technical foundation is laid for safe, efficient and sustainable development of tunnel engineering.

The invention discloses a solid waste landfill crack combination self-repairing material based on microbial mineralization and application, and belongs to the field of environmental geotechnical engineering. The method comprises the steps that firstly, a klebsiella liquid and a calcium source cementing liquid are prepared, grouting holes are formed in the side slope, the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid are injected in batches, and internal cracks are filled with a microorganism induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology; and then, a fiber reinforced guniting material formed by compounding field soil, active magnesium oxide and chopped fibers is adopted to spray and cover the surface layer of the slope, and a compact sealing layer is formed through carbon dioxide carbonization. By combining internal MICP curing and surface layer fiber reinforced magnesium oxide carbonization sealing, a synergistic protection system with strong inside and tough outside is constructed, the anti-permeability and stability of the slope are improved, meanwhile, the toughness, crack resistance and long-term durability of a surface layer sealing layer are remarkably enhanced, and the service life of the slope is prolonged. And the method is particularly suitable for slope treatment of projects with high anti-seepage requirements such as solid waste landfills and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a shotcrete coagulating early strength agent and a preparation method thereof. Comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 45%-70% of sulphoaluminate cement clinker, 20%-45% of an early strength exciting material, 5%-15% of a nano reinforcing material, 3%-9% of a magnesium oxide expanding agent, 1%-3% of a retarding material, 0.8%-3% of a water retention material and 0.1%-1% of a dispersing agent. The coagulant early strength agent for sprayed concrete provided by the invention takes powder as a main material, can significantly improve the compressive strength of the sprayed concrete at an extremely early age, enables the compressive strength of the sprayed concrete at 3h to be greater than or equal to 1.2 MPa, the compressive strength of the sprayed concrete at 8h to be greater than or equal to 10MPa, the compressive strength of the sprayed concrete at 1d to be greater than or equal to 15MPa and the compressive strength of the sprayed concrete at 28d to be free from shrinkage, and is relatively convenient to transport and store, relatively good in stability and free from layering and caking problems; and the manufacturing process is relatively simple.

The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering materials, and particularly relates to sprayed concrete suitable for a chlorine salt erosion environment and a preparation method of the sprayed concrete. And meanwhile, the bionic helical carbon nanotube-polymer composite gel is pre-dispersed in water. Sequentially adding the aggregate, the fiber and the composite cementing material, carrying out dry mixing, adding the gel dispersion liquid, the water reducing agent and the air entraining agent, and stirring to obtain a mixture; and finally, adding an alkali-free liquid accelerator at a nozzle through a wet spraying process, and spraying the alkali-free liquid accelerator to a construction surface. The nano hybrid material can effectively adsorb and lock chloride ions, and the bionic gel has a crack self-repairing function. And the two components have a synergistic effect, and are combined with a compact microstructure and a fiber reinforcing and toughening effect, so that the obtained concrete has extremely high chloride ion penetration resistance and durability, and is particularly suitable for support and protection engineering in chlorine salt environments such as temporary expressways and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete admixtures, and discloses a composite admixture for reducing the springback rate of sprayed concrete and a preparation method of the composite admixture. The composite admixture comprises modified coconut fiber, silica fume, fluffy ash, a dispersing agent, cellulose ether, a polycarboxylate superplasticizer and an early strength agent, wherein relative to 100 parts by weight of the modified coconut fiber, the content of the silica fume is 75 to 85 parts by weight, the content of the fluffy ash is 35 to 45 parts by weight, the content of the dispersing agent is 6 to 10 parts by weight, the content of the cellulose ether is 5 to 9 parts by weight, the content of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight, and the content of the early strength agent is 0.03 to 0.07 part by weight; wherein the modified coconut fiber is a product obtained by modifying coconut fiber with rich hydroxyl groups on the surface by using a silane coupling agent. The composite admixture provided by the invention can effectively reduce the rebound rate of sprayed concrete, and maintains the compressive strength and durability of the concrete at the same time.

The application discloses a kind of segmented excavation construction methods combined with soil nailing wall support, belong to foundation pit support technical field, solve the technical problem that existing segmented excavation is difficult to control, and the safety risk caused by the sudden change of stress of supporting structure is caused by foundation pit deformation.It includes: dividing N excavation layers, setting each layer excavation depth and soil nail length;Layer by layer excavation, construction soil nail and shotcrete surface layer, and install displacement sensor and axial force sensor at the end of soil nail;After reaching the preset strength, read the cumulative horizontal displacement, current displacement rate and axial force increment;Compare with preset threshold respectively, if any is out of limit, then reduce the next layer excavation depth and increase the soil nail length, otherwise, construction according to original design parameters;Repeat until all excavation layers and support are completed.The application is mainly used for the segmented excavation construction of foundation pit in soft or sensitive stratum, can dynamically adjust the support parameters according to real-time monitoring data, effectively control the deformation of foundation pit, and improve the safety and adaptability of construction.

The concrete powder stable supply system comprises a conical tank body and a pressure pump, the tank body is sealed, the bottom of the tank body is connected with a control chamber, a rotator is arranged in the control chamber, the top of the tank body is provided with a pressure pipe, the bottom of the control chamber is connected with a driving pipe, and the driving pipe is connected with the pressure pump. An accelerator is loaded into the vacuum tank body, uniform pressure is applied through the pressurizing pipe, output of the accelerator is controlled, the accelerator can rotate uniformly through the rotator, and the accelerator can be conveyed to the control chamber through the pressurizing pipe, so that the accelerator can be conveyed to the control chamber, and the accelerator can be conveyed to the control chamber. The quantitative accelerator and pressurized gas output and input by the pressure pump are mixed and guided into the concrete through the mixing pipe, so that when the powdery accelerator is guided into the flow-state concrete pressure pipe of the sprayed concrete pouring device, the powdery accelerator can be quantitatively supplied, and the accelerator-transported concrete under the pressure can be uniformly distributed and stirred.

A coal-based solid waste regenerated aggregate shotcrete and a preparation method thereof, comprising cementitious material 100 parts, coarse aggregate 150-200 parts, fine aggregate 150-200 parts, polycarboxylate superplasticizer 2-4 parts, anti-adsorption agent 0.5-1.5 parts, water 35-60 parts, and defoaming agent 0.1-0.3 parts. The cementitious material is composed of cement and waste desulfurization gypsum; the coarse and fine aggregates are all coal gangue or gasification slag; the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is a slow-release polycarboxylate superplasticizer containing phosphate ester groups in the side chain; and the anti-adsorption agent is bentonite modified by a silane coupling agent. The modified bentonite anti-adsorption agent preferentially blocks the porous surface adsorption sites of the coal-based solid waste aggregate, and the slow-release polycarboxylate superplasticizer continuously provides dispersion force, effectively reduces the invalid consumption of the superplasticizer, significantly reduces the 1h slump loss rate of the concrete, reduces the rebound rate of the shotcrete construction to below 15%, and the total solid waste content is above 70%, realizing large-scale collaborative utilization of coal-based solid waste and waste desulfurization gypsum.

A sensor unit (30) for use in determining the strength of a shotcrete slurry that has been applied to a substrate. The sensor unit (30) includes a printed circuit board on which there is mounted a temperature sensor (31) that is capable of measuring the temperature of shotcrete and which is operably connected to a central processing unit for storing sensor data that is received from the temperature sensor (31). The sensor unit (30) also includes a BLE module (32) which is mounted on the printed circuit board and operably connected to the central processing unit and wherein the BLE module may be used for wireless transmission of sensor data. The temperature sensor (31), central processing unit and BLE module (32) are powered by a battery (33) that is mounted on the printed circuit board and operably connected to each of these devices.

The utility model relates to a kind of shotcrete flatness control system, by the longitudinal interval multiple cross sections of tunnel are set up steel pipe arch, steel pipe arch is fixed in the surrounding rock inner wall of corresponding cross section, so that steel pipe arch is along the circumferential setting of corresponding cross section of tunnel, and ensure that the inside of steel pipe arch is equal with the chord height of tunnel to be constructed primary support inside surface, so that it can provide shotcrete reference standard using the inside of steel pipe arch, wet spray hand of guniting can easily observe arch top guniting flatness condition according to the inside of steel pipe arch, improve the control of wet spray machine operator to arch top position injection effect, so that the primary support flatness of III grade, IV grade surrounding rock not erecting steel frame section has been obviously improved, improve primary support flatness qualification rate and primary support apparent quality;And by the inside of steel pipe arch control primary support flatness, reduce primary support invasion line, and avoid the lining cavity, insufficient thickness caused by primary support flatness deficiency, provide favorable conditions for later drainage construction and lining construction.

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel supporting, and discloses a crawler-type tunnel wall mold spraying device for an open-type TBM. The technical problems that in the prior art, concrete supporting time is too long, rocks deform greatly under the action of gravity, a TBM is stuck, and the construction period is delayed and economic losses are caused are solved. The mechanical arm comprises a center rotating assembly and a mechanical arm body. The center rotating assembly drives the mechanical arm to rotate; concrete spraying equipment is installed at the tail end of the mechanical arm, the mechanical arm drives the concrete spraying equipment to move to the to-be-operated position of the tunnel wall, and crawler-type formworks are installed on the mechanical arm and the position of a guniting opening of the concrete spraying equipment. Concrete spraying equipment can extend to the proper position of the tunnel wall to spray concrete, and the multiple nozzles can greatly improve the concrete spraying speed; and the crawler-type template of the mold spraying device slowly rolls over the surface of the concrete to solidify the concrete, so that a smaller flatness error of the surface of the concrete is ensured.

The invention discloses a soft rock large deformation control method and a rapid support system suitable for TBM tunnel construction method characteristics, the method is implemented based on an anchoring support system composed of a short anchoring support system and a long anchoring support system, and the method is suitable for an open TBM construction scene: in a TBM tunneling process, before a shield is exposed, the shield is not exposed, and the long anchoring support system is not exposed; a short anchoring support system of a full-length anchoring anchor rod structure is timely arranged in the radial direction of the 180-degree area of the upper half ring of the tunnel section through a cutter head edge cutter hole, and the short anchoring support system and a shield cooperate to form an initial deformation control system; after the shield is exposed, according to the deformation degree of the surrounding rock, full-length anchoring anchor rods or pre-stressed anchor cables are adopted in a graded mode, long anchoring supporting systems are arranged at intervals with the short anchoring supporting systems in a spiral mode, then the long anchoring supporting systems are cooperatively borne with steel arches, reinforcing meshes and sprayed concrete, and the long anchoring supporting systems are matched with 70m system sprayed concrete and 1000m secondary lining construction behind a tunnel face. According to the method, the displacement around the hole is effectively controlled, the TBM is prevented from being stuck, and the construction safety and efficiency of the open-type TBM in the soft rock large-deformation geology are improved.

The invention relates to an intelligent concrete spraying construction method and system for a large-span arc-shaped roof. The method comprises the steps of system deployment, path planning, intelligent spraying, axial displacement and multi-layer spraying and quality monitoring. The system comprises a mobile platform, a track system, an execution mechanism, a sensing system, a concrete proportion regulation and control module, a pipeline collaborative management system and a central control system. Through cooperation of special equipment and intelligent control, the problems of flow falling, rebound and thickness control are systematically solved, and finally high-quality and high-efficiency automatic construction on the large-span arc-shaped roof is achieved.

This invention discloses a rapid-hardening, high-toughness shotcrete and its spraying construction method, belonging to the field of concrete material technology. It employs a technical route of multi-component synergistic rapid-hardening – modified hybrid fiber toughening – three-stage synergistic expansion – three-phase distribution spraying method. The shotcrete material consists of powder, graded fine aggregate, polymer, high-performance liquid accelerator, and water. The graded fine aggregate forms a riprap skeleton; the high-belite aluminum sulfate cement and silicate cement compound lay the foundation for rapid hardening; the modified hybrid fibers construct a three-dimensional reinforcing network to achieve high toughness and crack resistance; the multi-component composite expansion agent compensates for shrinkage throughout all ages; and the micro-nano active admixtures and polymer optimize interfacial bonding performance. It is complemented by high-pressure airflow cleaning / nano-silicon ion impregnation of the substrate and a three-phase distribution spraying method of rapid-hardening cement paste – graded fine aggregate – liquid accelerator. The concrete of this invention combines rapid hardening, high strength, and high toughness and crack resistance, shortening response time and improving construction efficiency.

The application relates to a tunnel construction method in a soft stratum, which adopts a bench method construction, when a temporary inverted arch is arranged on a bench platform, the temporary inverted arch is poured in a pumping concrete mode, and the temporary inverted arch is a plain concrete inverted arch. The temporary inverted arch adopts a direct pumping plain concrete mode, compared with a traditional steel and sprayed concrete mode temporary inverted arch, the method has simple construction operation, fast speed, and the temporary inverted arch is very convenient to remove after the temporary inverted arch plays a role, so that the construction safety risk can be greatly reduced. The method does not need an operation personnel to be close to a working face, the pump pipe can be directly fixed on an excavator mechanical arm, the pump pipe is sent to the vicinity of the working face, safety and convenience are achieved, and especially in an emergency when the bench is deformed greatly, the tunnel deformation can be quickly controlled under the condition of ensuring the safety of the operation personnel.

The utility model relates to the technical field of reinforcing device, especially a kind of soil body anti-seepage jet concrete reinforcing device between foundation pit pile, including foundation pit main part, the one side of foundation pit main part is poured with two symmetrical settings base pile main body by concrete, the one side of foundation pit main part is equipped with reinforcing groove, the inside of reinforcing groove is slidably connected with U type reinforcing frame.The utility model has the advantages that U type reinforcing frame is placed in the inside of reinforcing groove, and U type reinforcing frame is locked in the inside of reinforcing groove using lock pin, the left and right ends of several horizontal main reinforcement are respectively welded on two metal connecting plates, concrete is sprayed in the inside of metal sleeve and U type reinforcing frame using concrete spraying equipment, the concrete in the inside of metal sleeve can flow into pouring groove inside by through-hole, to further improve the more firm connection of U type reinforcing frame and foundation pit main body, U type reinforcing frame can support reinforcing structure, greatly improve the strength of reinforcing device.

This invention relates to the field of tunnel drilling and blasting technology, and particularly discloses a method, medium, and equipment for tunnel anchor drilling based on three-dimensional point clouds. The tunnel anchor drilling method includes: scanning the surface of the initial shotcrete in the tunnel working section using lidar to obtain a three-dimensional point cloud model of the initial shotcrete surface; extracting the two-dimensional point cloud contour of the circumferential anchor cross-section based on the three-dimensional point cloud model of the initial shotcrete surface to obtain a two-dimensional physical contour model of the initial shotcrete surface; constructing the parametric equation of the anchor axis according to the designed anchor parameters, and solving it simultaneously with the two-dimensional physical contour model of the initial shotcrete surface to obtain the axis distance parameter and the actual drilling coordinates; and using a drilling-anchor-injection integrated trolley to perform drilling operations at a designed angle based on the axis distance parameter and the actual drilling coordinates. This invention directly solves for the actual drilling coordinates of the anchor based on the point cloud cross-section, overcoming the interference of unevenness of the initial shotcrete surface on anchor positioning and improving the accuracy of anchor placement.

The utility model relates to the technical field of underground engineering, in particular to an underground engineering toughness supporting structure and underground engineering. The tough supporting structure for the underground engineering comprises a surrounding rock toughening layer which is grouted or sprayed on surrounding rock of the underground engineering in a rotary mode; the fiber sprayed concrete primary support layer is sprayed on the excavation contour surface of the underground engineering; the anchor rod or the anchor cable is driven to the surrounding rock of the underground engineering from the fiber sprayed concrete primary support layer; the telescopic arch frame is erected in the fiber sprayed concrete primary support layer; the buffer layer is laid or sprayed on the inner side of the fiber sprayed concrete primary support layer; and the self-repairing secondary lining layer is laid on the inner side of the buffer layer. A traditional passive supporting technology is changed, the toughness of the supporting structure is systematically improved in the mode of structural toughening, active supporting and graded deformation, and the whole structural system is better in deformation adaptability, higher in bearing capacity and higher in disaster resistance.

The present application belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a layering joint development tunnel pre-splitting microseismic control blasting excavation method. The present application adopts the pre-splitting blasting mode for blasting in the layering joint development tunnel excavation, and compared with smooth blasting, the present application can effectively reduce the disturbance to the surrounding rock, reduce overbreak, and further effectively reduce the slag discharge amount, sprayed concrete amount, reduce the overall cost and speed up the construction progress. Meanwhile, the blasting excavation method of the present application also improves the roundness of the surrounding rock after excavation, reduces stress concentration, and is safer.

This invention discloses a flow rate adaptive shotcrete trolley for highway engineering, comprising a base plate, a driver's cab mounted at one top end of the base plate, and a moving part fixedly connected to the other top end of the base plate. An adjusting spraying mechanism is disposed between the driver's cab and the moving part. The adjusting spraying mechanism includes a raw material storage section located between the driver's cab and the moving part and fixedly connected to the top of the base plate. One end of a conveying section is connected to the bottom of the raw material storage section, and the other end of the conveying section passes through the moving part and connects to a nozzle. The nozzle has, from top to bottom, an auxiliary material addition section, a water outlet section, and a flow rate adjustment section. This invention's shotcrete device can reduce the airborne dust content during dry shotcreting, reducing harm to human health. Furthermore, after construction, the interior of the device can be cleaned, improving the ease of use.

The invention discloses a deep and long tunnel water inrush early warning and disposal method, and relates to the technical field of deep and long tunnel water inrush construction.The deep and long tunnel water inrush early warning and disposal method comprises the steps that infrared water detection equipment is arranged on the tunnel face and the side wall of a tunnel, infrared reflection signals are transmitted and received, and the position, the water content and the flow direction of underground water are recognized; generating underground water distribution data; the data is compared with a preset risk threshold value, when the underground water pressure is larger than or equal to 1.5 MPa or the water content is larger than or equal to 30%, it is judged that the area is a high-risk area, and the area is marked with a red flickering icon in a three-dimensional visual interface; a drainage hole is drilled in the high-risk area, a PVC drainage pipe with a filter screen is arranged in the drainage hole, and underground water is drained to the water collecting well; then a concrete reinforcing layer is sprayed around the drainage holes; and monitoring the pressure of the underground water after drainage in real time, and if the pressure is not reduced to 1.0 MPa or below, densifying the drainage hole and thickening the reinforcing layer to realize accurate early warning and rapid disposal of the water inrush risk.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a sprayed concrete thickness control and measurement tool which comprises an anchoring nail used for being anchored at a measurement position of a base layer before concrete spraying; the column body is connected with the exposed end of the anchoring nail after the anchoring nail is anchored; the thickness identification disc is connected to the periphery of the column body, can move in the axis direction of the column body and is fixed in position. The thickness identification disc can move in the axis direction of the column body and can be fixed in position, and the thickness identification disc can be adjusted according to the designed concrete thickness, so that sprayed concrete construction of different thicknesses can be monitored.

The invention discloses a tunnel primary support continuous molding system, molding concrete and a construction method. A self-adaptive curved surface template device of the system drives an elastic bearing plate to be attached to the irregular rock surface through a telescopic oil cylinder, longitudinal sealing is achieved through a lateral sealing assembly, and vibration is conducted in combination with an attached vibrator with the back arranged in a layered mode. The matched special concrete is doped with a delayed accelerator and an early strength agent, and gravel aggregate with the particle size of 5-10 mm is adopted, so that the unification of good workability and rapid early strength is realized. During construction, an interface layer is firstly sprayed and constructed, then layering and continuous molding are performed from bottom to top by utilizing the system, and a template is intelligently controlled to move circularly according to concrete strength development. Through collaborative innovation of the self-adaptive formwork system, the special concrete material and the intelligent control construction method, the defects that a traditional concrete spraying technology is high in rebound rate, poor in quality uniformity and severe in working environment are effectively overcome, and high-precision, high-quality and green construction of primary supporting is achieved.

The application discloses a supporting structure of a diversion tunnel slag collecting pit, which comprises an advanced radial grouting layer, a steel mesh layer, a shotcrete layer, a concrete lining and a plurality of radial anchor rods, and further comprises a plurality of anti-seismic connecting units, each of which comprises: a center connecting mechanism, one end of which is abutted against the surface of the steel mesh layer, and the other end of which extends into the shotcrete layer and extends out; a plurality of connecting rods, one end of each of the plurality of connecting rods is hinged to the side wall of the same center connecting mechanism, and the other end of each of the plurality of connecting rods is sleeved on the free section of a radial anchor rod; and a tension member, one side of which is fixed with the part of the center connecting mechanism extending out of the shotcrete layer, and the other side of which is pre-pressed and fixed with a steel reinforcement cage in the concrete lining. The application has the beneficial effect of improving the resistance to the vibration effect generated during blasting in the tunnel excavation process.

The utility model discloses an underwater concrete spray protection pouring device, which relates to the technical field of underwater concrete construction, and comprises a trolley system, a high-pressure air isolation system, a spray mixing system and a film covering system, the trolley system comprises a trolley frame, a camera lighting device, a trolley central controller, a trolley driver, a suction machine and wheels, the camera lighting device is fixedly arranged on the front side of the top face of the trolley frame, the trolley central controller is fixedly arranged on the rear side of the top face of the trolley frame, the trolley driver is fixedly arranged on the rear side of the trolley frame, the suction machine is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the trolley frame, and the wheels are arranged at the bottom of the trolley frame. By means of the high-pressure air isolation system, direct contact between surrounding water and sprayed concrete can be effectively blocked, so that loss of cement paste is reduced, the quality of the concrete is improved, the strength and durability of the concrete are kept, and the core problem in traditional pouring is solved.

The utility model discloses an auxiliary device for guniting on the inner wall of a tunnel, which belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction and comprises a bearing, the inner diameter of the inner ring of the bearing is larger than that of a guniting pipe, mounting rods are symmetrically arranged on the inner ring of the bearing, and extension rods facing the inner wall of the tunnel are fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the mounting rods. Grouting pipe clamps are arranged between the two mounting rods and between the two extension rods; the pipe clamp comprises two semicircular plates connected through a bolt, a screw rod is fixedly arranged in the middle of the outer wall of each semicircular plate, mounting holes allowing the screw rods to extend out are formed in the extension rods and the mounting rods, and nuts are arranged at the extending ends of the extension rods and the mounting rods; horizontal rods are symmetrically arranged on the outer ring of the bearing, vertical rods are fixedly arranged at the outer ends of the horizontal rods, a driving cylinder is concentrically and fixedly arranged at the lower end of the inner ring, the driving cylinder is connected with a motor through a transmission structure, and the motor is fixed to the bottom plate. The fixing device can assist in fixing the manual guniting pipe.