337 results about "Karst" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and discloses a coal mine goaf karst tunnel construction method which comprises the following steps: S1, performing three-dimensional scanning on the axis and the periphery of a tunnel by adopting a high-frequency geological radar in combination with aerial survey of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and accurately positioning the boundary of a goaf, the development form of a karst cave and filler distribution; and S2, integrating a seismic wave reflection method, drilling and coring data and a geological sketch result, constructing a three-dimensional geological model, and dynamically predicting a potential water inrush and mud inrush risk area. According to the method, a high-frequency geological radar is combined with aerial survey of an unmanned aerial vehicle, three-dimensional scanning is conducted on the axis and the periphery of a tunnel, geological radar data, a point cloud model and tunnel design BIM are integrated, the boundary of a goaf (the error is smaller than or equal to 0.3 m) and the karst cave form are marked, and the collapse risk level is predicted based on rock mass mechanical parameters (compressive strength and fracture density) and hydrological data (seepage paths). Therefore, the method has the advantages of advanced detection, multi-source data fusion and the like, and the resolution of geological forecast is improved.

The invention discloses a tunnel high-pressure gushing water comprehensive treatment method integrating probing, guiding, blocking, discharging and fixing, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction. The method comprises the following steps: exploring and dividing geological subsections; drainage: drilling a water diversion hole in the concentrated water gushing channel, and pre-burying a multi-stage drainage pipe for graded pressure reduction; blocking is conducted, specifically, the channel is closed through a layered pressure backfill grouting technology; a permanent drainage system is laid, and a deep drainage pipe is connected; reinforcement is carried out, and radial consolidation grouting and groove jumping type inverted arch dismounting and replacing are carried out; and the whole process is monitored in real time, and construction is dynamically optimized. According to the method, exploration, drainage, plugging, drainage, reinforcement and dynamic regulation and control are organically combined, the problems that water plugging, pressure reduction and cooperation are difficult in high-pressure water-rich karst stratum tunnel gushing water treatment are solved, and the method has the advantages of being prominent in systematicness, thorough in treatment, remarkable in pertinence, safe, controllable, novel in process, reliable in quality, dynamic in regulation and control, high in adaptability, obvious in comprehensive benefit and the like.

The invention discloses a karst region land degradation degree evaluation method. The method comprises the steps of collecting karst multi-source data; constructing a soil quality index, a climate quality index, a vegetation quality index, a terrain quality index, a human activity index and an underground leakage index as a karst region MEDALUS-Karst index system; carrying out standardization and comprehensive score calculation on each index to realize comparability among indexes of different dimensions, and reflecting the land degradation degree of the karst region through a land degradation comprehensive index; the method solves the problems that an MEDALUS model is adopted for land degradation evaluation of the karst region, due to the fact that unique geological structures, hydrological processes and degradation characteristics of the karst region conflict with core assumptions and index systems of the MEDALUS model, key driving factors and spatial distribution characteristics of land degradation are difficult to accurately recognize, and the evaluation accuracy of the land degradation is affected. And thus, the technical problems of lack of pertinence of ecological management measures are solved.

The invention discloses a shield front karst fissure grouting plugging method based on feedforward identification and directional regulation and control, which comprises the steps of front geological information acquisition, target area identification, grouting path planning, parameter adaptive regulation and control, directional grouting execution and plugging effect feedback. Feature fusion processing of geometric features of the cavity region from a time domain to a frequency domain is realized, geological types and features of the cavity region are analyzed in combination with data, and remarkable reduction of cavity three-dimensional coordinate positioning errors and remarkable improvement of boundary recognition precision are realized; in the drilling process, the boundary of the cavity is sensed in real time, synchronous grouting and air exhaust are achieved through automatic deviation correction of the posture adjusting mechanism and the double-through-hole design, air pressure fluctuation in the cavity is controlled within a safe and stable range, and the risk of cavity collapse caused by air pressure changes is effectively prevented.

The invention relates to the technical field of pollution risk assessment, and provides an AI-based karst region soil-underground water cooperative pollution assessment system. According to the system, multi-source soil and underground water heavy metal time sequence monitoring data are fused, cross-medium collaborative characterization characteristics are constructed, an enhanced time sequence modeling method with a parameter efficient adaptation capability is introduced, and a composite dynamic loss function oriented to non-stationary pollution evolution characteristics is designed; and collaborative prediction and uncertainty description of the heavy metal pollution states of the soil and the underground water are realized. Furthermore, a prediction result is combined with spatial gridding analysis, a collaborative pollution risk index and a risk zoning result are constructed, technical conversion from pollution evolution modeling to spatial risk assessment and early warning output is realized, and reliable technical support is provided for dynamic early warning, graded prevention and control and environment management decision of heavy metal pollution in the karst region.

The invention provides a karst collapse risk assessment method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: acquiring geological index data; according to the size of the line karst rate, determining the regional type of karst division, and forming a three-dimensional geologic model according to the regional type of karst, the thickness of a covering layer and the elevation of a stratum interface; judging whether the current area is a high deformation gradient area or not, judging whether the current area is a fracture structure control area or not, and judging whether the current area is a water level fluctuation sensitive area or not; forming a fuzzy fault tree structure, and performing Monte Carlo simulation on a grid to obtain a grid-level collapse risk probability; and determining a dynamic risk comprehensive index according to the grid-level collapse risk probability, the currently monitored covering layer pore water pressure and the line-of-sight deformation rate, and determining a risk level according to the dynamic risk comprehensive index. According to the method, real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis of surface deformation can be realized, and the accuracy of risk assessment can be improved.

The invention discloses a geopolymer-based recycled fine aggregate shield synchronous grouting material and a preparation method thereof. The grouting material is composed of a cementing material, an alkali activator, aggregate, a water reducing agent, a retarder and water, and the cementing material is a geopolymer precursor and is composed of fly ash, slag and metakaolin; the aggregate is composed of river sand and recycled fine aggregate. By optimizing the proportion and the preparation process, the material has the characteristics of excellent flowability, controllable setting time, high early strength, good impermeability, good durability and the like, and is suitable for synchronous grouting of shield tunnels in water-rich sand layers, high-water-pressure stratums or corrosion stratums. The invention also provides two optimization methods which are respectively based on a response surface method and a BP neural network combined genetic algorithm to realize multi-objective optimization of slurry performance. According to the material, dependence on traditional cement and gravel resources is remarkably reduced, energy consumption and carbon emission are reduced, high-added-value resource utilization of industrial solid waste and construction waste is achieved, and the material conforms to the development direction of green low-carbon building materials.

A calculation method of karst underground reservoir capacity curve based on hydrogeological parameters, including the following steps: hydrogeological exploration, determination of karst underground water reservoirs scope, determination of water storage space, determination of relevant hydrogeological parameters based on hydrogeological tests, and underground reservoir capacity analysis. The invention uses the unit water permeability and the borehole line karst rate that are very easily obtained through the borehole pressure (injection) water test and combines it with a small amount of water pumping test, thereby obtaining a correlation function relationship through regression analysis between the specific yield and the karst rate that are difficult to obtain and the unit water permeability or the permeability coefficient; the underground storage capacity at the corresponding elevation is calculated according to the specific yield or the karst rate and the underground storage capacity curve is obtained, which can improve accuracy and reduce errors.

The invention provides a karst cave distribution detection method based on elastic wave CT and monitoring data fusion. The method comprises the steps that initial surrounding rock elastic wave characteristic data and geological data are collected to serve as basic data; periodically carrying out elastic wave CT detection to obtain dynamic wave velocity data of the surrounding rock, and collecting geological environment monitoring data and construction condition parameter data in real time; carrying out anti-interference processing on the elastic wave CT detection data and the monitoring data, and based on the processed elastic wave CT wave velocity data, extracting signal features of the karst cave through a feature recognition model; and fusing the processed elastic wave CT data, the synchronized monitoring data and the construction condition parameters, constructing a three-dimensional karst cave distribution model, and determining a karst cave distribution condition based on the constructed distribution model. According to the method, the propagation difference of the elastic waves in the karst cave and the surrounding rock medium is captured through the elastic wave CT, and accurate detection of karst cave distribution is achieved by combining monitoring data fusion optimization.

The invention discloses a retreating type segmented sleeve valve pipe grouting process for karst treatment, and belongs to the technical field of karst stratum reinforcement. The process comprises the steps of drilling construction, device arrangement, grouting positioning, segmented grouting, retreating type displacement grouting and ending treatment, and is characterized in that a grouting core pipe adopts a sealing telescopic connecting structure of an inner core pipe and an outer sleeve, and is matched with a telescopic driving piece, an elastic connecting piece and a first pressure sensor; dynamic adjustment of the size of a grouting space and real-time monitoring of pressure are achieved, and the risk of excessive or insufficient grouting is avoided in an intermittent grouting mode; the vent pipe and the one-way valve are staggered, pressure in the pipe is balanced, the one-way valve is assisted to rapidly retract, and backflow and slurry mixing are avoided; and the optional rotating device and the stirring piece cooperate to prevent slurry deposition, so that the grouting uniformity is improved. The grouting precision and controllability are remarkably improved, safety and stability of construction are comprehensively guaranteed, the grouting filling compactness and long-term stability are optimized, and the method is suitable for layering of karst caves in different forms.

This invention belongs to the field of deep pile casing construction technology in karst areas, specifically a deep pile casing replacement device for karst areas, comprising: an annular pad for supporting the overall device structure; a movable wheel on the bottom surface; multiple support rods evenly distributed on the top surface of the annular pad; a support plate fixedly installed on the top of the support rods; and a winding wheel rotatably connected to the top surface of the support plate. The deep pile casing replacement device for karst areas described in this invention uses an annular pad to engage a clamping plate on the casing. The clamping plate is then lifted using a winding rope and a hook in conjunction with a receiving plate, causing the clamping plate to move the casing upwards. Finally, the casing is pulled out, completing the replacement of the casing with the external template. Because the clamping plate engages the upper and lower ends of the casing through a horizontal section, the area of ​​the casing subjected to compressive force increases when it is lifted, thus limiting localized stress and preventing deformation and damage.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a fault solution trap boundary identification method and device, equipment and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring seismic data of a to-be-identified area; determining at least two covariance matrixes based on the seismic time slice data body of the sub-region in the to-be-identified region; a covariance value in the covariance matrix is determined according to seismic data of two adjacent seismic channels in a seismic time slice data body; determining crack probability values corresponding to the sub-regions according to the at least two covariance matrixes; the crack probability value reflects the probability that the sub-region comprises a crack; and according to the fracture probability value corresponding to each sub-region in the to-be-identified region and the rock physical chart of fracture development, determining a fault-karst trap boundary in the to-be-identified region. According to the technical scheme, the crack probability value capable of reflecting the crack information is determined through the covariance matrix, so that the fault solution trap boundary can be accurately and rapidly determined in the to-be-identified region based on the crack probability value.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic tunnel construction, and discloses a supporting structure for collapse of surrounding rock above a hydraulic tunnel face and a construction method.The supporting structure comprises a blocking structure arranged in an excavated tunnel, and the blocking structure and a collapse body in the excavated tunnel are arranged in a spaced mode; a concrete plugging body structure is filled between the plugging structure and the collapse body; a grouting pipeline is arranged in the concrete plug body structure and extends into the mountain; the concrete plug body structure comprises a backfilling concrete plug and a pumping concrete plug. The backfill concrete plug is arranged between the collapse body and the plugging structure, and the pump concrete plug is arranged between the collapse body and a karst cave cavity in a mountain. According to the method, construction is easy and convenient, the collapsed surrounding rock above the tunnel face can be rapidly reinforced, the safety risk of tunnel roof collapse caused by continuous collapse of the surrounding rock is avoided, and the purpose of safe construction of the tunnel is achieved.

A high-iron karst geological section comprehensive parameter fine automatic exploration system, including walking wheels, drill bit electrodes, drill bit detectors, drill bit magnetic excitation systems, electrode rotation systems, detector rotation systems, magnetic excitation rotation systems, liquid injection systems, control systems, multi-parameter interpretation systems, power systems, and wireless communication systems; the present application is based on the resistivity method and the wave velocity method, and can be used to explore any depth stratum that can be reached, independent of each other and mutually corroborating to reduce the karst geological multiple solutions, Rayleigh waves and electrical signals can transmit the most suitable signal type and strength according to the geological conditions at the set depth, which can realize the fine and automatic exploration of karst geology and improve the exploration efficiency. The present application also corrects the geological classification method in karst areas, and the corrected method can fully consider the development and particularity of karst, providing a method for the automation of high-iron geological exploration in karst areas and avoiding human errors.

The application provides a karst region foundation pit gushing water treatment and reinforcement method, wherein the gushing water treatment comprises the following specific steps: determining the position of a cave cavity in the foundation pit range; analyzing and evaluating the risk level of gushing water damage when the foundation pit is excavated to a preset depth and in the use stage of the foundation pit; vertically arranging a flow guide hole, the bottom end of the flow guide hole penetrating through the cave cavity, and a flow guide pipe being sleeved in the flow guide hole, and a water permeable hole being arranged on the side wall of the flow guide pipe in the cave cavity; fixing the flow guide pipe; vertically arranging a plurality of gravel filling holes communicating with the cave cavity, and inserting a flow meter for gushing water observation into the gravel filling hole; filling gravel into the cave cavity through the gravel filling hole; foundation pit excavation support and underground gushing water monitoring. The application can overcome the potential subsequent risk caused by plugging in the traditional karst cavity treatment, and improve the uplift and compression bearing capacity of the foundation pit.

This invention provides a multi-point decentralized underground engineering structure and design method for pumped storage power stations in karst areas, relating to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology. It includes upper and lower reservoirs arranged at varying elevations on a mountainside, connected by a water conveyance tunnel. The power plant of the pumped storage power station is functionally zoned and dispersed within the mountainside between the upper and lower reservoirs. The power plant includes several generator sets located on the water conveyance tunnel. The generator sets are connected to a access tunnel via shafts, which connects to the control center and serves as the entrance and exit for the power plant. This invention employs a multi-point decentralized layout strategy, subdividing the power plant into several smaller spaces, thus achieving flexibility in layout. This design helps avoid adverse geological conditions such as karst and caves; it not only reduces the difficulty and workload of seepage prevention treatment but also saves on project investment.

The invention provides an elastic wave CT (Computed Tomography) signal denoising method for improving the inversion precision of karst cave exploration, which belongs to the technical field of engineering exploration and comprises the following steps of: performing normalization preprocessing on a received signal, suppressing random noise by adaptive filtering, converting a time domain signal into an F-K domain and identifying a surface wave, filtering a surface wave signal by a Gaussian band elimination filter, and converting the F-K domain signal back to the time domain. The method comprises the following steps of: highlighting a take-off characteristic of a weak P wave covered by a strong surface wave through normalization; using a minimum mean square error adaptive filter to accurately filter random noise; subsequently converting to an F-K domain, and smoothly attenuating the surface wave through a Gaussian band elimination filter by utilizing the frequency wave number distribution difference of the surface wave and the P wave; the method realizes layered removal of random noise and surface waves, finally outputs high-purity direct P-wave signals, greatly improves P-wave travel time pickup and wave velocity calculation precision, and remarkably improves inversion precision of an elastic wave CT exploration method in detection of geologic bodies such as karst caves and fracture zones.

The application relates to the technical field of sampling equipment, and discloses a portable sampling device for silt in a narrow river channel in a karst mountainous area, which comprises a connecting disc, a sampling assembly and a supporting assembly. The connecting disc is provided with a mounting hole. A connecting piece is arranged in the mounting hole. The connecting piece is provided with an abutting portion which can be telescopically moved. A driving piece for driving the abutting portion to move is rotatably connected to the connecting disc. The sampling assembly passes through the mounting hole and is slidably connected with the mounting hole. The sampling assembly can be screwed with the abutting portion. The sampling assembly can slide out of the mounting hole. The supporting assembly is hingedly connected with the connecting disc, and the supporting assembly can telescopically move. Through the double design of "support folding and shrinking" and "rod disc separation", the whole device can be divided into three independent modules, namely the connecting disc (containing the driving piece), the sampling assembly and the supporting assembly. Each module can be compressed to the minimum volume and easily put into a conventional size mountaineering bag or a sampling box, so that the real portability is realized.

The application relates to the field of geological re-prospecting coring, in particular to a multi-tube-line site karst broken stratum multi-set-tube coring method and device, which comprises the following steps: determining a lofting drilling point position, fixing a hole punching and coring device; installing a first coring casing and a first drill bit on the hole punching and coring device, punching and coring a concrete layer and a soil layer located on a municipal road; installing a second coring casing and a second drill rod with a second drill bit on the hole punching and coring device, inserting a first metal wire into the second drill rod to the bottom of the second drill bit or clamping the first metal wire on the side of the second drill bit, punching a broken rock layer located below the soil layer until water gushing occurs and then coring; installing a third drill rod with a third drill bit on the hole punching and coring device, inserting a second metal wire into the third drill rod to the bottom of the third drill bit or clamping the second metal wire on the side of the third drill bit, and punching a fully strong weathered rock layer located below the broken rock layer. The application has the effect that coring can be completed in different strata.

The utility model discloses a tube push bench multichannel grouting sealing tail shield for a karst cave stratum, which comprises a tail shield shell, a supporting table is arranged in the tail shield shell, a multichannel grouting tube, a grease tube and a port anti-seepage mechanism are arranged in the supporting table, the port anti-seepage mechanism comprises a placing groove, an electric telescopic rod, a sliding rod, a back shore and an anti-corrosion wear-resistant sealing ring, and the lower end of the grease tube is connected with a sealing brush. The multi-channel grouting pipes and the grease pipes are evenly distributed, an anti-seepage ring is arranged on a communicating hole in the front end of the containing groove, a sliding groove is formed in the supporting table, and a sealing ring groove is formed in the tail shield shell. By means of the structure, the multi-channel grouting pipe can effectively conduct grouting reinforcement on the karst cave stratum, the grease pipe is matched with the sealing brush to achieve sealing friction reduction, the end opening anti-seepage mechanism prevents mortar from seeping out, all the structures work cooperatively, the safety and reliability of the pipe jacking machine in karst cave stratum construction are remarkably improved, and it is guaranteed that construction is conducted smoothly.

The invention relates to the technical field of test devices, and discloses a device for simulating a karst slope complex rock habitat, which comprises a rock surface confluence simulation assembly, a karst rock-soil composite habitat simulation assembly, a rainfall simulation assembly and a multi-path runoff separation and collection assembly. Integrated simulation of three core characteristics of'complex rock distribution ', 'rainfall' and'rock surface flow 'of the karst slope is realized in one device for the first time, and the authenticity and scientificity of indoor experiments are greatly improved. Meanwhile, due to the unique design of the reconfigurable rock module, the coverage rate, the spatial configuration, the exposure mode and other key parameters of the rock can be flexibly adjusted, various habitats from simple to complex can be simulated, and the applicable research range is wide.

The invention discloses an intelligent identification method for geometric parameters of a karst cave in an engineering construction area, and relates to the technical field of foundation pit engineering, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the preprocessing of a karst cave parameter data set, and extracting key feature parameters; solving a forward mapping model among karst cave parameters, ground surface settlement displacement and foundation pit side wall inclination displacement through partial derivative to obtain a kernel function, and constructing a nonlinear mapping relation; and performing iterative optimization on the initial parameters by adopting a multi-path random jump search algorithm, and performing inversion to obtain optimal karst cave geometric parameters matched with actual monitoring data. According to the method, through combination of an intelligent optimization algorithm and a mapping model, accurate identification of karst cave parameters is realized, and reliable technical support is provided for safety evaluation of foundation pit engineering and drilling of a soil layer.

The invention discloses a karst ancient landform recovery method and system based on the real thickness of a stratum, and belongs to the technical field of rock stratum ancient landform recovery. The real stratum thickness of the first algorithm is calculated through drilling data when the upper interface and the lower interface of the stratum are inclined and not parallel; the real stratum thickness of a second algorithm is obtained through calculation according to the seismic data; counting the thickness difference between the real stratum thickness of the first algorithm and the real stratum thickness of the second algorithm in the research area at the well point, and performing difference gridding interpolation by adopting a cubic spline interpolation method; and merging the difference gridding interpolation data and the stratum real thickness gridding data of the second algorithm to obtain an ancient landform map. According to the method, the drilling data, the seismic data and other data are combined, ancient landform recovery errors caused by the difference between the stratum apparent thickness and the real thickness due to stratum inclination are eliminated by recovering the real thickness of the stratum, and the ancient landform recovery precision and the exploration and development success rate can be effectively improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional modeling, in particular to a Karst topography and landform three-dimensional visualization method based on a digital country, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the point cloud data of the Karst topography and landform, and according to the distance between the adjacent region point cloud data of each point cloud data and the point orientation condition of the point cloud data, determining the point cloud data of the Karst topography and landform; constructing a karst point cloud coefficient of each point cloud data in combination with the number of the point cloud data on the coordinate axis; performing edge detection on all the point cloud data, and constructing a vegetation affiliation coefficient of each point cloud data based on the edge bending degree and the point cloud clustering distribution characteristics; judging whether the point cloud data is the point cloud data of the karst landform based on the two, and removing the point cloud of the vegetation landform so as to construct a high-precision three-dimensional model of the karst landform; the filtering difficulty of the point cloud data of the vegetation landform is reduced, the filtering effect is improved, and the three-dimensional modeling precision of the karst landform is further improved.

The tunnel lining reliability evaluation method considering space-time coupling provided by the application comprises the following steps: based on the target tunnel site geological survey data, a probability distribution model of a karst cave radius is established; based on the probability distribution model of the karst cave radius, a quantile sampling method is used to generate a plurality of karst cave radius samples; the karst cave radius samples are input into numerical simulation software to simulate and calculate the minimum principal stress value of the tunnel vault lining under different karst cave radii; based on the karst cave radius samples and the minimum principal stress, a function relationship fitting model between the karst cave radius and the minimum principal stress is established; based on the probability distribution model of the karst cave radius and the function relationship fitting model, a stress ratio probability distribution model is derived through a random variable function distribution conversion method; a strength degradation time-varying model of concrete under the action of freeze-thaw cycles under different stress ratios is established; based on the stress ratio probability distribution model and the strength degradation time-varying model, the marginal failure probability of the tunnel lining is calculated by coupling using a total probability formula.

A water area karst risk grading method, device, equipment and storage medium. The thickness of the target core is calculated according to the thickness of the target core and the total thickness of the target core. The line dissolution rate of the target core is calculated. The seismic wave velocity drop amplitude and the resistivity of the target water area are determined. Based on the seismic wave velocity drop amplitude and the resistivity of the target drilling in the test area, the horizontal flow rate and the vertical flow rate of the groundwater in the target drilling, and according to the ratio of the vertical flow rate to the horizontal flow rate, the vertical flow rate ratio is obtained. The seismic wave velocity drop amplitude, the resistivity, the horizontal flow rate and the vertical flow rate ratio of the groundwater in the target drilling, and the line dissolution rate of the target core are input into the risk grading model to output the corresponding risk value. According to the risk value output by the risk grading model, the risk grade is finally determined, the risk misjudgment caused by one-sided parameters is avoided, the karst risk prediction accuracy is improved, and the safety hidden danger is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of irrigation and water conservancy engineering, and discloses a karst mountainous area water retention and stabilization zoned ridge construction method and a ridge, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, digging a foundation trench along a ridge line of a pre-built upper terrace; s2, a load-bearing outer slope body surrounding the upper terrace is built in the foundation trench, and a through drainage hole is formed in at least one lateral section of the load-bearing outer slope body; s3, laying an inverted filter layer on the inner side of the bearing outer slope body; s4, the inner side of the inverted filter layer is filled and tamped with clayed soil in a layered mode, and an anti-seepage soil core wall is formed; s5, the bottom of the foundation trench in the area defined by the anti-seepage soil core wall is backfilled with planting soil; according to the construction method of the zoned ridge for water retention and stabilization in the karst mountainous area and the ridge, the series of problems that the ridge in the karst mountainous area cannot be stabilized, cannot be stored and cannot be drained smoothly are solved, and structural stability, efficient moisture retention and smooth drainage of the ridge in the karst mountainous area under complex hydrogeological conditions are achieved.

This invention relates to the fields of tunnel engineering and geophysical exploration technology, specifically disclosing a method for full-domain strata perception using tunnel axial ground-penetrating radar (GPR). The method includes steps S101: establishing a geological model and performing radar forward modeling; S102: constructing a GPR image sample set and training anomaly recognition model; S103: performing energy feature analysis and establishing classification criteria for geological anomalies; S104: borehole GPR axial detection and data acquisition; and S105: spatial registration and geological anomaly early warning. This method comprehensively applies electromagnetic wave propagation theory, radar forward modeling, deep learning recognition algorithms, and RMS amplitude energy analysis technology. By drilling horizontal detection holes and deploying GPR along the tunnel axis, it achieves high-precision identification, classification, and risk visualization of the strata and geological anomalies (including boulders, karst caves, and debris) ahead of the tunnel, providing scientific geological safety decision support for tunnel excavation.

The embodiment of the invention provides a complex stratum karst cave volume calculation method and related equipment, and belongs to the technical field of geological survey. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a geological profile map and a borehole histogram; performing information extraction on the drilling histogram to obtain drilling information of each drilling point location; performing structured processing according to the drilling information of all the drilling points to obtain an original stratum distribution table; performing elevation supplementation on the original formation distribution table according to the geological profile map to obtain a standard formation distribution table; based on the standard stratum distribution table, performing data splitting by taking each stratum as a derivation unit to obtain a plurality of stratum derivation tables; performing three-dimensional model reconstruction according to each stratum derivation table to obtain a stratum interface entity model of each stratum; performing target detection on all the stratum interface entity models according to a preset karst cave label to obtain a target karst cave model; and performing area attribute analysis on the target karst cave model to obtain the target karst cave volume, thereby improving the accuracy of karst cave volume calculation.

The invention discloses a structure-karst-unloading coupling degradation high and steep slope collapse physical model experiment system, and relates to the field of slope collapse risk management, and the system comprises a construction module which is used for constructing a high and steep slope model containing a karst network; the monitoring module is used for synchronously capturing micron-order opening and micro-fracture evolution information of an internal structural surface of the model and stress-seepage field distribution data; according to the method, the model is guaranteed to be highly matched with the actual geological environment through dynamic calibration of the adaptation degree, micron-sized synchronous capture of internal structure evolution, stress distribution and seepage field data of the model is achieved, and the monitoring precision is improved through multi-device collaborative layout and data credibility verification; and cooperatively applying tectonic stress, karst seepage and graded unloading according to a real time sequence, and dynamically adapting to the quasi-steady-state requirements of the stress-seepage field of the model.