542 results about "Soil conservation" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of spectral image processing, and particularly relates to a water and soil conservation monitoring method and device for power grid engineering, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a plurality of spectral images of a target monitoring region at different construction stages; selecting feature points containing different types of typical ground features from the spectral image for extraction, and extracting target feature points of each wave band; carrying out ground feature classification on the spectral image of the target monitoring area, and determining different types of typical ground features contained in the spectral image; registering the plurality of spectral images by using the target feature points; performing time sequence analysis on the plurality of registered spectral images, and calculating dynamic change data of different types of typical ground features in the plurality of spectral images at different construction stages; and based on the dynamic change data, outputting water and soil environment influence evaluation results of different construction stages on the target monitoring area. The problem of spectral image drift in water and soil conservation analysis can be solved, and the accuracy of a water and soil conservation monitoring result is further improved.

The invention discloses a Beidou time service synchronous multi-source data fusion monitoring device, system and method, and aims to solve the core problems of low meteorological factor-ground surface settlement causal correlation analysis precision and poor early warning reliability caused by multi-source data time asynchronization due to sensor clock independence. The device directly drives each sensor in the multi-source data acquisition module to perform physical-level synchronous acquisition through a hardware synchronous trigger pulse generated by the Beidou time service module, and ensures that settlement, weather and positioning data have the same timestamp at the source; and time axis calibration and dynamic weight fusion based on real-time data quality are carried out through the preprocessing module. The system integrates the devices, a cloud analysis model and an early warning engine. According to the invention, a closed loop from hardware-level synchronous acquisition, space-time alignment to intelligent analysis is realized, a multi-source data synchronization error is reduced from a second level to a millisecond level, and the accuracy and timeliness of water and soil conservation monitoring are remarkably improved.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for intelligently assisting in reviewing a water conservation scheme of a water and soil conservation production and construction project, and the method achieves the intelligent feature matching of a new scheme and similar cases through the construction of a tagged knowledge base integrating historical cases of multiple industries, so as to recognize the generality compliance. A double-engine review mechanism is adopted, a form review module automatically checks document structure integrity and format specifications, and a logic review module executes cross-chapter data consistency check and business logic compliance analysis and highlights and positions error positions in a document. And recording decision logic in real time to form a feedback closed loop. And dynamically optimizing case library matching weight and recognition rules based on high-frequency error statistics and expert correction records. The modes of positioning review key points to chapters and sections, describing specific requirements of each review key point in a language, adding a check formula among data to review content needing to be calculated, determining a check type to which each review key point belongs, and the like are adopted, and the model is trained more clearly, so that the model has relatively professional review ability.

The invention relates to the technical field of mountain afforestation, provides an efficient nursery stock planting method suitable for mountain afforestation, and aims at solving the problems that in existing mountain afforestation, planting is not standard, the survival rate is low, the water and soil conservation capacity is weak, and the labor intensity is high. The forest space layout is optimized, and the water and soil conservation capability is enhanced; the mellow soil and immature soil layered stacking and backfilling technology is adopted, the natural structure of the soil is recovered, and the root zone microenvironment quality is improved; a fertilizer isolation layer is arranged and degradable container seedlings are implanted, so that the risk of root burning is avoided, the integrity of root systems is protected, and the survival rate of the seedlings is remarkably increased; by combining root fixing water slow irrigation, water retention covering and slope water collection and soil conservation structures, natural rainfall is effectively utilized, evaporation and runoff are reduced, and water saving and drought resisting are achieved; the whole process flow is standard, the replicability is high, and the dependence on artificial experience is reduced.

The invention provides a method suitable for water retention of soil with different textures. In order to better perform size matching between the biochar and soil particles, particle size grading is performed on the biochar according to the size of soil aggregates, and three kinds of biochar with the particle size larger than 2.0 mm, the particle size ranging from 0.25 mm to 2.0 mm and the particle size smaller than 0.25 mm are obtained. The three kinds of biochar with different particle sizes are used in different types of soil respectively, and 5% of biochar with the particle size of 0.25-2.0 mm is selectively applied according to the water retention requirement of the arid area loam farmland; according to the drainage requirements of loam waterlogging areas with more rainfall, 5% of biochar with the particle size larger than 2.0 mm is selectively applied; and 5% of biochar with the particle size smaller than 0.25 mm is selectively applied for water and soil conservation of sandy soil in the arid region. By scientifically regulating and controlling the particle size and the application amount of the biochar, the biochar is matched with the specific properties of the soil, so that the water retention capacity of the soil is improved, and the soil efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a cold region land surface process river water and sediment model construction method, which comprises the following steps: selecting a target research drainage basin, extracting a drainage basin range ROI (Region of Interest), and collecting water and sediment data and related basic data in the drainage basin range; calculating a thermal erosion amount caused by temperature rise in the river reach, a snow melting erosion amount caused by snow melting, a water erosion amount induced by rainfall and a river ice erosion amount caused by ice running or flow ice scraping erosion of river ice in winter and spring; selecting landform characteristic parameters according to a river flow direction to construct a sediment transport coefficient of a river reach, establishing a cold region river water and sediment model according to the sediment transport coefficient and each erosion source item, and obtaining a sediment content simulation result based on the established cold region river water and sediment model; and evaluating the simulation performance of the model based on the established evaluation index. The method can dynamically respond to the erosion sand production and runoff sand transportation process of the cold region, provides timely and high-precision sand content calculation, and has important significance on water and soil conservation management and water and sand risk regulation and control of the cold region.

The invention discloses a soil remediation device for water and soil conservation and a remediation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of soil remediation, the soil remediation device comprises a first supporting plate, first wheels are rotationally connected to the two sides of the first supporting plate, a rotating rod is rotationally connected to the bottom of the first supporting plate, and second wheels are fixedly connected to the two ends of the rotating rod; a pesticide storage box is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the first supporting plate, a repairing assembly is arranged on the first supporting plate and comprises a threaded rod movably connected to the outer side of the first supporting plate, a plurality of V-shaped plates and a pesticide spraying pipe, the V-shaped plates and the pesticide spraying pipe are fixedly connected to the outer side of the first supporting plate, and the threaded rod rotates to drive the V-shaped plates and the pesticide spraying pipe to conduct depth adjustment; and the remediation liquid is sprayed to soil of different depths through the pesticide spraying pipe, the remediation liquid sprayed out of the pesticide spraying pipe is used for remediation of the soil of different depths through the remediation assembly, and accurate remediation is effectively carried out for soil pollution of different layers.

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent environment recognition, and particularly discloses a water and soil conservation measure intelligent query method and system based on multi-dimensional parameterization. Temperature and humidity data are collected in real time through a multi-source sensor deployed in water and soil, and a temperature stability characteristic value is calculated by adopting zero-sequence processing and fast Fourier transform; a humidity change rate characteristic value is extracted by combining first-order difference processing and Haar wavelet transform; the feature values are constructed into a comprehensive environment state feature vector, and the comprehensive environment state feature vector is input into a trained random forest model for environment recognition result evaluation; according to the method, the sensing technology, signal analysis and machine learning prediction are fused, the sensing ability, the regulation and control precision and the self-adaptability of the system are improved, the method is suitable for complex and changeable environment scenes, and the method has the advantages of being high in adaptability, high in adaptability and the like. Good application prospects are realized.

The invention provides a method for quantifying the influence of a black land cultivated land ecological barrier function on the grain yield, and relates to the technical field of grain yield influence assessment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the climate, soil, hydrology and land utilization geospatial data of a target ecological region; determining a black land cultivated land ecological barrier range, and calculating service function values of five types of ecological systems including habitat quality, water source conservation, soil conservation, water quality purification and carbon sequestration storage; generating an ecological barrier function comprehensive value ESI through normalization and equal weight superposition; calculating and normalizing the black land cultivated land grain yield in combination with remote sensing data and a harvest index method; and based on multi-scale window random sampling, fitting a non-linear relationship between ESI and grain yield, and determining an optimal proportion of an ecological barrier grid proportion, a minimum threshold value of an ecological function and a saturation threshold value of a cultivated land ecological function through derivative analysis. The problem of landscape or regional scale quantification is solved, and an accurate basis is provided for black land ecological restoration and grain safety decision making.

The invention discloses a method and system for dynamically monitoring soft sandstone slope erosion, and relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: building a monitoring sample area on a soft sandstone slope, obtaining initial terrain point cloud data, generating a reference digital elevation model, and recognizing a vegetation space pattern; collecting rainfall data in real time, and triggering an erosion monitoring program when rainfall parameters meet a preset triggering condition; acquiring real-time terrain point cloud data, generating a current digital elevation model and acquiring a slope fracture feature set; based on the elevation variation of the current digital elevation model and the reference digital elevation model, carrying out erosion intensity partitioning; determining an erosion regulation effect coefficient of each vegetation coverage subarea by combining vegetation spatial pattern data; and establishing an erosion risk assessment model, and outputting erosion sensitivity grading of the monitoring sample area and a key protection area identification result. According to the invention, automatic and high-precision dynamic monitoring of soft sandstone slope erosion is realized, and a scientific basis is provided for water and soil conservation and geological disaster prevention and control.

The invention provides an intelligent construction method for a water conservation forest project in a loess plateau area, and relates to the field of forestry ecological restoration and water and soil conservation projects. The method comprises the following steps: collecting and carrying out normalization processing on various original physical quantities based on a space-time sliding window to obtain normalized values of the various physical quantities; constructing a composite physical state function based on the normalized values of various physical quantities, introducing a disturbance propagation response function to construct a measurement evaluation function, and performing spatial threshold screening processing based on the measurement evaluation function to generate a planting candidate point set; generating a spatial aggregation planting block set based on the planting candidate point set; and determining planting parameters based on the gradient change condition of the measurement evaluation function in the spatial aggregation planting block so as to execute planting operation. The problems that a traditional water conservation forest engineering construction method lacks modeling of spatial disturbance and neighborhood consistency, construction parameter configuration lacks intelligent adjustment, and a measurement-analysis-decision-execution closed loop structure is not formed in the whole process are solved.

The invention discloses a soil erosion resistance prediction method and system based on earth surface parameters, and relates to the technical field of soil erosion and water and soil conservation monitoring and prediction, and the method comprises the steps of earth surface parameter collection, parameter preprocessing, erosion response modeling, erosion resistance threshold tensor inversion and erosion resistance prediction. Collecting multi-source earth surface parameter data; secondly, constructing a unified earth surface parameter feature set; obtaining erosion response simulation data by adopting an erosion response modeling method combining physical process simulation and lightweight machine learning residual correction; an explicit Bayesian neural network and a variational reasoning framework are constructed, observation data are combined, and a four-dimensional anti-corrosion threshold tensor is obtained through inversion; introducing a double-branch space-time multi-task fusion prediction model of an anti-erosion threshold tensor, and outputting a prediction value and a prediction grade of the soil anti-erosion capability; according to the scheme, dynamic and spatial prediction of the erosion resistance of the soil can be realized, and a scientific basis is provided for water and soil conservation and ecological environment management.

The invention discloses a treatment method for preventing traceability erosion of a ditch head, and relates to the technical field of ecological treatment. Earth excavation is carried out, layer-by-layer slope cutting and order building treatment is carried out on the ditch slope from near to far away from the ditch head according to the preset gradient, and multiple stages of side slopes and multiple platforms are formed; earthwork backfilling is carried out, soil obtained after layer-by-layer slope cutting and step building treatment is stacked at the bottom of the ditch head, the soil stacked at the bottom of the ditch head is rolled to form a ditch channel, and the inclination angle between the ditch channel and the bottom of the ditch head ranges from 10 degrees to 15 degrees; soil covering and greening are conducted, soil covering is conducted on the channels, the multiple stages of side slopes and the multiple platforms through surface soil, multiple spruces are planted on the channels and the multiple platforms correspondingly, and high wheatgrass and ryegrass are sown on the slope surfaces of the multiple stages of side slopes in a mixed mode correspondingly; building a water retaining wall; and concealed pipes are arranged. In cooperation with water and soil conservation plant planting, the ditch bottom scour prevention and slope greening engineering is added, and a ditch head treatment mode integrating the landscape improvement function and the water and soil conservation function is formed.

The utility model discloses a side slope ecological restoration water and soil conservation device, which relates to the technical field of ecological restoration and comprises a side slope body, a water storage tank is arranged at the top end of the side slope body, arched slope protection frameworks are uniformly arranged on one side of the surface of the side slope body, and planting grooves are arranged in the arched slope protection frameworks. A clamping assembly matched with the arched slope protection framework is arranged between every two adjacent planting grooves; a water outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the middle of the water storage tank, and annular spraying pipes matched with the planting grooves are arranged at the bottom end of the water outlet pipe; a flow dividing assembly is arranged on one side of the bottom end of the slope body. According to the arched slope protection framework, structural support is provided for vegetation, the strength of the slope protection framework can be improved through the arched design, and the rain wash resistance of the slope protection framework is enhanced.

The invention relates to the technical field of water and soil conservation and ecological restoration, in particular to a rapid restoration method for native landforms and vegetation in a northwest construction disturbance area. The method comprises the following steps: before construction, performing investigation and sampling analysis on vegetation types and soil layers of a to-be-disturbed area, and acquiring topographic and geomorphic information of the construction disturbed area by adopting an unmanned aerial vehicle; in the construction process, shrubs in a construction disturbance area are numbered and transplanted, and turfs and soil of all layers are stripped in a layered mode; after construction is finished, soil backfilling maintenance is conducted according to the soil profile hierarchical configuration; shrub plants are transplanted, herbaceous plants are sown, and meanwhile vegetation in the construction disturbance area is managed and maintained. According to the method, the steps are clear, a complete system is formed through a series of operations including vegetation and soil investigation, transplanting, stripping, backfilling, sowing, maintenance and the like, all the steps are closely connected, operation confusion and repeated labor are avoided, and the efficiency and effect of landform disturbance and vegetation recovery work are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration and water and soil conservation, and discloses a wind prevention and sand fixation forest restoration method and system based on a forestry and agriculture compound system. The method comprises the following steps: deploying a distributed wind sand environment sensing node array, constructing a local wind field dynamic evolution model, and identifying a potential wind erosion hot spot region; generating a dynamic forest belt adjustment instruction based on the identification result, and controlling the deployment position and density of the movable shrub barrier unit; forestry and agriculture composite planting regulation and control are synchronously implemented, deep-root-system sand-fixing plants are arranged in a core protection zone, herbaceous plants are mixed and sown in a transition zone, and economic crops are crop-rotated in a peripheral zone; and the self-adaptive reconstruction of the forest belt structure is realized by continuously monitoring the change of the sand grain flux and feeding back the parameters of the optimization model. Through dynamic sensing, prediction and intervention mechanisms, the wind prevention and sand fixation efficiency is remarkably improved, ecological restoration and farmers and herdsmen livelihood are considered, the actually measured wind erosion hot spot area is reduced by 68%, and the ground surface sand transport rate is reduced by 82%.

The invention discloses a method for restoring a slope ecological structure based on forest burning background, and belongs to the technical field of water and soil conservation and ecological restoration. Burnt vegetation and slope surfaces are cleaned, the burnt slope surfaces are recombined, a three-layer vegetation structure, namely an arbor structure, a shrub structure and a herbaceous structure is determined to be formed, six soil structures are constructed, and the slope ecological structure is restored. A water supply and drainage network is formed on the slope surface penetrating through the gravel layer, the global water supply and drainage function is achieved, and different vegetation species are selected for planting according to the actual situation of the area and in combination with the three-layer vegetation structure; the fire-proof plant wall has the advantages of simple materials, use of local materials, good utilization of burnt fire waste materials, economy, feasibility, good bearing capacity, ecological environmental protection, high stability and the like, can effectively solve the problem that the ecology is difficult to recover after a fire, provides a stable growth environment for plants, and has a wide application prospect. The structure expands the application range of slope ecological restoration after the fire, and can better adapt to slopes with the gradient smaller than or equal to 60 degrees.

The invention discloses a riverway ecological protection slope, and relates to the technical field of riverway nursing, the riverway ecological protection slope comprises a protection slope body which is sequentially arranged from the slope top to the slope toe, the protection slope body comprises a foundation supporting layer, an ecological structure layer and a vegetation community layer from inside to outside, and the ecological structure layer comprises a geotechnical composite material layer laid on the foundation supporting layer; the geotechnical composite material layer is of a three-dimensional net-shaped structure or a bag-type structure. Complex mechanical transmission, movable parts and sealing structures are completely omitted. The ecological niche complementary mixed planting mode of deep-rooted shrubs, shallow-rooted herbaceous plants and slope toe aquatic plants is adopted, the deep-rooted shrubs can enhance the deep stability of a slope body, the shallow-rooted herbaceous plants quickly cover a slope surface to reduce surface erosion, the aquatic plants are connected with a water and land ecological interface, and the deep-rooted shrubs, the shallow-rooted herbaceous plants and the water and land ecological interface cooperate to form a multi-layer and high-stability vegetation community; the water and soil conservation capacity of the bank slope is improved, diversified habitats are provided for animals and plants, and the natural ecological function of the river bank slope is restored.

The utility model discloses water and soil conservation monitoring equipment in the field of water and soil monitoring, which comprises a main rod, a measuring rod and a rainwater cylinder, the measuring rod is slidably connected to the inner bottom of the main rod, the rainwater cylinder is fixedly connected to the top end of the main rod, the outer side wall of the main rod is connected with a reinforcing mechanism, and the outer side wall of the main rod is connected with the rainwater cylinder. The bottom of the outer side wall of the main rod is fixedly connected with a threaded pipe, the outer side of the threaded pipe is sleeved with a mounting block, and the middles of the four walls of the outer side of the mounting block are fixedly connected with a connecting base. According to the water and soil conservation monitoring equipment, by rotating a rotary knob, the rotary knob descends on the outer side of the threaded pipe, so that the mounting block is driven to descend, and the connecting base descends; and then the conical tip is inserted into the ground, so that the angle of the reinforcing rod is conveniently adjusted according to the terrain, the reinforcing rod supports the device, the device is prevented from inclining, the device is stably supported, and the monitoring result is prevented from being influenced.

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering evaluation, in particular to a BIM (Building Information Modeling)-based hydraulic engineering project evaluation method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring water and soil conservation engineering information, and constructing a water and soil conservation engineering digital model according to the water and soil conservation engineering information; acquiring real-time ecological monitoring data, and establishing a spatial mapping relationship between the real-time ecological monitoring data and the water and soil conservation engineering digital model according to the real-time ecological monitoring data and the water and soil conservation engineering digital model; analyzing the real-time ecological monitoring data and the spatial mapping relationship, and determining a cost risk trigger event set; and according to the cost risk trigger event set, determining a cost correction suggestion, and according to the cost correction suggestion, generating and outputting a dynamic cost assessment report. The adaptability of the water and soil conservation project cost evaluation process to the dynamic change of the ecological environment is improved, and technical support is provided for sustainable development of water conservancy projects.

The invention discloses a water and soil conservation monitoring system and method, and belongs to the field of water and soil conservation monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps: determining a monitoring target and a measured core variable combination, and formulating a specific measurement technical scheme based on a multi-parameter measurement target; the method comprises the following steps: selecting monitoring points in a set monitoring range, evaluating the importance and potential interference degree of each point to a multivariable measurement result in combination with terrain, meteorological factors and human activity intensity, grading according to the importance and potential interference degree, and configuring different numbers of standby monitoring positions for different grades of point positions; rainfall, sediment and soil moisture sensors are deployed at selected points, initial data of all variables in a normal environment are collected, and initial reference values of all measurement channels are established. Through the combination of the steps, monitoring blindness and resource waste are avoided, the flexibility of a monitoring network is improved, data continuity and accuracy are guaranteed, the exception handling efficiency is improved, and efficient and accurate water and soil conservation monitoring is achieved.

The invention discloses a deep learning-based drainage basin water and soil loss monitoring intelligent early warning method, which comprises the following steps of S1, arranging a sensor array in a sensitive area of a drainage basin to be monitored in advance, and synchronously acquiring rainfall data, surface runoff data, suspended matter concentration data and unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral remote sensing data; s2, inputting the fusion data stream into an improved liquid neural network to generate a state feature data stream; s3, calculating state characteristic trajectory data through a Shenchang differential equation; s4, implementing multi-scale state stability analysis, and identifying an abnormal state inflection point; s5, generating a dynamic risk space mapping map; and S6, determining the risk level of the risk area, and executing corresponding water and soil conservation measures. The water and soil loss risk prediction accuracy and response timeliness are improved, and the method is suitable for river basin ecological environment monitoring and protection.

The utility model provides a water and soil conservation revetment reinforcing structure which is characterized in that the number of transverse plates is two, the two transverse plates are installed at the top and the bottom of a revetment respectively, side plates are fixedly installed on the two sides of the two transverse plates through bolts, the side plates are arranged along the inclined face of the revetment, and a plurality of protection plates are installed in the space defined by the transverse plates and the side plates. A certain interval is formed between every two adjacent protection plates, connecting assemblies are arranged on the surfaces of the transverse plates and the surfaces of the side plates and comprise transverse insertion rods, the transverse insertion rods are inserted into the positions, corresponding to the positions between every two adjacent transverse rows of protection plates, in the side plates, and the protection plates are installed in the space formed by the transverse plates and the side plates. The protection plates are connected into a whole through the elastic rubber layers, certain flexibility is achieved, the protection plates can cope with uneven slope installation, the insertion frame composed of the transverse insertion rods and the vertical insertion rods is connected with the protection plates, the stability of the protection plates after installation is improved, and the time for fixing the protection plates through bolts one by one is saved.

The invention discloses a goaf microorganism and plant synergistic soil fixation method and a soil fixation device, belongs to the technical field of goaf soil fixation, and aims to solve the problem that an existing goaf fixation process is difficult to realize deep stabilization and ecological restoration synergistic treatment, and the goaf microorganism and plant synergistic soil fixation method comprises the following steps: S1, pretreating the ground surface of a goaf; s2, acquiring goaf data; s3, determining a core reinforcement area and an ecological restoration area according to the model data in the S2; s4, deep injection reinforcement is conducted on the core reinforcement area; step S5, planting plants, step S6, carrying out drip irrigation on the ecological restoration area, and monitoring the matrix strength growth rate S and the plant root development index RDI in real time; s7, determining that the repair is qualified according to the collected data of the S and the RDI; a deep loose matrix is effectively cemented through the microbial mineralization effect, the strength and stability of the soil body are improved, the integrity of the surface soil body and the water and soil conservation capacity are enhanced through plant root systems, and the synergistic enhancement effect is formed.

The device comprises a transfer box, a clamping mechanism, a linkage mechanism and a water supply mechanism, the transfer box is composed of a placement chamber and a water storage chamber, a lifting plate is horizontally arranged in the placement chamber, a screw rod is rotationally arranged in the middle of the interior of the placement chamber, a lead screw is rotationally arranged on one side of the top in the placement chamber, and second transverse pipes are arranged on the two sides of the top in the water storage chamber; a plurality of water spraying pipes are connected to one sides of the two second transverse pipes, the other ends of the water spraying pipes extend into the placing chamber and are provided with atomizing nozzles, the clamping mechanism is used for clamping saplings, the linkage mechanism is used for linking the screw rod and the lead screw, and the water supply mechanism is used for supplying water to the two second transverse pipes. According to the device, multiple saplings can be transferred at a time, it is guaranteed that the saplings do not collide with one another, soil at the roots of the saplings is protected, and the transferring efficiency is improved; the position of the sapling is fixed and driven by the gravity of sapling placement, additional operation is not needed, and time and labor are saved; the soil at the roots can be supplemented with water, and the situation of water shortage caused by long-time transfer is avoided.

The invention belongs to the technical field of forestry ecological restoration, and discloses a method for transforming a pinus massoniana low-quality and low-efficiency water source forest into a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, which comprises the following steps: (1) forest stand diagnosis and planning; (2) three-dimensional complementary planting; and (3) innovation of a mixed mode. The biological characteristics of different fireproof tree species are utilized, upper, middle and lower mixed spaces are matched, shade-tolerant and sun-loving tree species are matched, and the mutual promotion effect is achieved. The characteristics of various tree species are effectively utilized, matching of deep and shallow root system tree species is fully considered, the improvement of the water and soil conservation function of forest land soil is effectively ensured, and the water and soil conservation function of a water source forest region is particularly promoted.

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological construction engineering. The invention provides a forest small watershed-based under-forest adaptive planting method for different sites in a mountainous area in the eastern Liaoning province. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out site division on the small watershed of the forest in the mountainous area in the eastern Liaoning province according to landforms, slope positions and slope directions; (2) collecting data and determining an optimization scheme by taking a soil condition as a guiding index; (3) collecting data and determining an optimization scheme by taking the canopy density as a guiding index; and (4) based on the optimization schemes in the step (2) and the step (3), selecting a site suitable for forest fruits, forest fungi, forest vegetables and forest medicines, and carrying out under-forest adaptive planting. By means of the technical scheme, forest land resources in mountainous areas in the eastern Liaoning province can be fully utilized, economic plants or fungi can be planted under different site forests in small watersheds of forests according to local conditions, and the economic benefits of under-forest planting are brought into play to a greater extent; under-forest adaptive planting improves the functions of forest soil conservation, water conservation, biological diversity and the like, and ecological benefits are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of laser monitoring, and provides a water and soil conservation monitoring method and system based on three-dimensional laser scanning. The method comprises the following steps: traversing a monitoring section of a target area to arrange a scanning reference point; performing periodic full-coverage scanning according to a preset frequency by using a ground laser radar to obtain a regional earth surface point cloud data sequence; performing space-time erosion trend analysis based on the point cloud data sequence, and determining a trend factor set; differentiating trend factors, asynchronously adjusting the monitoring frequency, and constructing an asynchronous double-item monitoring frequency group; and distributing the frequency group to each reference point, and implementing asynchronous water and soil conservation monitoring on the monitoring section. The technical problem that a traditional water and soil conservation monitoring method is unreasonable in monitoring resource allocation due to fixed monitoring frequency and cannot accurately capture dynamic change of erosion is solved, and the purposes of optimizing resource allocation through the dynamic differential monitoring frequency, improving monitoring timeliness and erosion evolution capture precision and improving erosion evolution capture efficiency are achieved. The technical effects of intelligence and refinement of water and soil conservation monitoring are achieved.

The invention discloses a watershed ditch and pond-road low-cost ecological sand control method based on hydrological connectivity, which belongs to the field of ecological environment protection and mainly comprises the steps of data acquisition, DEM data correction, confluence network construction, hydrological structure connectivity identification, SWAT model construction, key source area identification, scene analysis and cost benefit analysis. Under the influence of a ditch pond-road system, the key source area identification technology based on hydrological structure connectivity and the drainage basin key source area ditch pond road low-cost water regulation and soil conservation method achieve the dual purposes of reducing the water and soil regulation and control cost and continuously improving the ecological benefit by identifying the key source area.

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and discloses a revetment setting method for optimizing wetland ecosystem restoration. The method comprises the following steps: arranging an energy dissipation desilting area to slow down water flow and purify water quality, laying porous vegetation building blocks to enhance slope stability and water and soil conservation capability, spraying a covering material containing grass seeds, fibers and a growth promoting agent on the surface of the revetment to realize rapid greening, and arranging a water baffle and a buffer structure to prevent scouring. A system corresponding to the method integrates GPS positioning and soil salinity and water quality sensors, multi-source monitoring data are fused through an AI algorithm, an ecological health index is constructed, and a regulation and control strategy is formulated. And the control module comprises a regulation and control mechanism based on a rule engine, fuzzy logic, a neural network and reinforcement learning, and realizes automatic irrigation and drainage regulation. While the stability of the revetment structure is guaranteed, the restoration efficiency and the self-adjusting capability of the wetland ecological system are improved, and the system has the advantages of being high in ecological property, high in intelligence and wide in adaptability.