2494 results about "Three level" patented technology

A power converter includes a DC to AC inverter that is connected to a neutral node formed between first and second capacitors connected across two DC supply lines. The inverter is operated to selectively couple the DC supply lines and the neutral node to an output terminal thereby producing an alternating voltage waveform formed by a sequence of output pulses having positive, zero and negative voltage levels. To compensate for a voltage imbalance across the capacitors, an imbalance compensation coefficient is derived from the difference in voltages across the first and second capacitors and from the direction of current between the neutral node and the inverter. The imbalance compensation coefficient is employed to adjust the width of the output pulses so as to charge and discharge the capacitors to correct the imbalance.

A multiple key, multiple tiered network security system, method and apparatus provides at least three levels of security. The first level of security includes physical (MAC) address authentication of a user device being attached to the network, such as a user device being attached to a port of a network access device. The second level includes authentication of the user of the user device, such as user authentication in accordance with the IEEE 802.1x standard. The third level includes dynamic assignment of a user policy to the port based on the identity of the user, wherein the user policy is used to selectively control access to the port. The user policy may identify or include an access control list (ACL) or MAC address filter. Also, the user policy is not dynamically assigned if insufficient system resources are available to do so. Failure to pass a lower security level results in a denial of access to subsequent levels of authentication.

Analyzing employees based on results of an education business simulation. A network is utilized to present a training simulation to a user for achieving a training goal. Information is integrated into the training simulated utilizing the network that helps motivate achievement of the goal by the user. Progress of the user towards achieving the goal is measured utilizing the network. For further motivating achievement of the goal, feedback is also provided to the user utilizing the network. There are three levels of feedback, where each is progressively more detailed and is selected based on the number of mistakes made by the user, the user's progress towards the goal is subsequently reported to the employer of the user utilizing the network.

The invention relates to a method for evaluating the security situation of a network and a system thereof. The system has a two-surface three-level framework and is provided with a public service surface and a service management surface for executing uniform coordinated management on each functional module of the system; according to a service logic processing flow, the system is divided into three levels: an acquisition level, an analysis level and an exhibition level for completing four evaluating operations of assets, frangibility, threat and security situation; the invention is based on the characteristic of service operation in the network, combines the prior risk evaluation method, the prior flow and the prior security detection tool and provides a set of a novel dynamic real-time evaluation method. The system can analyze the assets and service of the network and the risk of the whole network and carries out the evaluation of the security situation. The system can provide the security state of the whole network in macroscopy, can deepen to specific service and assets and know the specific security problem, thereby effectively helping network security personnel to analyze the root of the security problem and assisting to provide a security solution proposal and implement a defense measure.

The transmission of ATM, Internet, and satellite communications is unified through international standardized protocol embedment. Global and Local performance optimization are achieved through the combination of combinatorial, dynamic, and probabilistic programming. A simultaneous domino effect of bandwidth conservation, efficiency enhancement, reliability improvement, traffic congestion prevention, delay minimization, and speed multiplication are realized for any digital communication system, particular in Internet. With three levels of error coding in ATM cells, the loss cell recovery and bit integrity are preserved. From its mathematical roots, new combinatorial sets are systematically generated, and applications of the sets are identified. Among the applications, optimal sequences can be produced for multi-user and multi-function communication system designs. Optimality is in terms of maximum possible number of sequences with given sequence length and sequence characteristics. The results are unique and theoretically proven. By serial and parallel concatenation of error codecs, reliability of multimedia transmission can be satisfied to any desirable level. As a part of the unified transmission scheme, the acquisition and synchronization method of cascading sequences exhibits significant improvement in correlation properties and detection probabilities. A method of using block designs is demonstrated to derive, to generate, and to construct low-density parity check block codes and threshold decodable convolutional codes. An efficiency evaluation method is formulated for the combination operation of ATM, Internet, and satellites.

A GUI (Graphical User Interface) Manager is used by a network administrator to fill-in predefined templates. The administrator does not need to compile, debug or write a single line of scripting code. The GUI manager has a “select the box” and “point and click” and “fill-in the blank” approach for selecting computer settings. The predefined configuration and/or template(s) are used by a logon script program on a client system to manage the configuration of resources on at least one client. There are three levels of resources that can be managed. The first type of resource is an operating system. The second type of resource is an application resource. And the third type of resource is to redirect a resource on the client to a resource on a network such as a drive letter mapping. Resources include configurations from the group of configuration settings consisting of drive mappings, shell folders, printer deployment, proxy server access, application paths, service packs, anti-virus updates, policies and automatic mail profile creation. In another embodiment, validation logic is used on the clients' system during the execution of an application program that takes the template and applies the defined configuration settings in the template to the clients' system so as to automatically configure at least one configuration setting for a user if the combination of one or more predefined conditions for a selected group, a selected operating system and a selected connection method are met. In still another embodiment, an interpretive engine is used on the client's system to permit the administration of client resources with a template while also allowing network administrators to build their own custom logon scripts.

A computer memory system having a three-level memory hierarchy structure is disclosed. The system includes a memory controller, a volatile memory, and a non-volatile memory. The volatile memory is divided into an uncompressed data region and a compressed data region.

Filling forms is an activity, which finds its use in several day-to-day functions of any organization. The system of the present invention proposes the abstraction of the knowledge required to fill forms into a hierarchy containing three levels including form, process and domain knowledge. Such an abstraction caters to a variety of users with varying expertise, from the novice form-filling user to the expert. By encapsulating knowledge in this manner, the system of the present invention removes the complexity involved in the process of form-filling. Further, methods are proposed within the present invention to automatically fill and verify forms, used for a variety of end-uses.

A memory uses multiple threshold levels in a memory cell that are not a power of two, and further uses a cell mapping technique wherein the read mapping is only a partial function The domain of read states for a single three-level memory cell, for example, has three states, but only two of them can be uniquely mapped to a bit. The domain of read states for two three-level memory cell, for example, has nine states, but only eight of them can be uniquely mapped to three bits. Although the read mapping is only partial, the voltage margin for the three-level memory cells is larger that the voltage margin available in the commonly used four-level memory cells. This increased voltage margin facilitates memory cell threshold voltage sensing, thereby increasing the reliability of the memory. Memory reliability may be further improved by increasing the voltage margin between the memory cell 0 state and the 1 state relative to the voltage margin between the 1 state and the 2 state, which more effectively accommodates charge loss from the 0 state through electron leakage. Asymmetrical read and program mapping may also be used to improve read reliability in the presence of ground noise or VCC noise.

A pseudo-emitter-coupled-logic (PECL) receiver has a wide common-mode range. Two current-mirror CMOS differential amplifiers are used. One amplifier has n-channel differential transistors and a p-channel current mirror, while the second amplifier has p-channel differential transistors and an n-channel current mirror. When the input voltages approach power or ground, one type of differential transistor continues to operate even when the other type shuts off. The outputs of the two amplifiers are connected together and each amplifier receives the same differential input signals. The tail-current transistor is self-biased using the current-mirror's gate-bias. This self biasing of each amplifier eliminates the need for an additional voltage reference and allows each amplifier to adjust its biasing over a wide input-voltage range. Thus the common-mode input range is extended using self biasing and complementary amplifiers. The complementary self-biased comparators can be used for receiving binary or multi-level-transition (MLT) inputs by selecting different voltage references for threshold comparison. Using the same reference on both differential inputs eliminates a second reference for multi-level inputs having three levels. Thus binary and MLT inputs can be detected and decoded by the same decoder.

In a first aspect the present invention provides a compact high efficiency driver suitable for driving a loudspeaker, such as a miniature loudspeaker for mobile phones or hearing aids. The driver comprising an interface for receiving an input signal, a three-level modulator, and a three-level H-bridge. The interface may be adapted to receive a digital input signal. In a preferred embodiment of the driver the H-bridge is controlled by a correction circuit which is operated by a Return-To-Zero scheme. In a further preferred embodiment the driver comprises a supply voltage step-up circuit for increasing a voltage supplied to the H-bridge. In a second aspect the present invention provides a miniature loudspeaker assembly having a built-in driver. In a third aspect the present invention provides a mobile device with a built-in miniature loudspeaker assembly.

The present invention describes systems and methods of providing optical information transmission systems. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a precoder configured to differentially encode a binary data signal, a duobinary encoder configured to encode the differentially encoded binary data signal as a three-level duobinary signal, an electrical-to-optical conversion unit configured to convert the three-level duobinary signal into a two-level optical signal, and an optical upconversion unit configured to modulate the two-level optical signal onto a higher frequency optical carrier signal and transmit the modulated higher frequency optical carrier signal onto an optical transmission medium.

A system for providing user assistance receives a request for user assistance from a component on a user interface. The component includes a help identifier, and the request is generated by a type of user selection, such as the clicking of an icon. The system determines a level of user assistance based on the type of selection and retrieves user assistance content based on the help identifier and the determined level of user assistance. In one embodiment, the user interface includes three levels of user assistance.

A leakage detection location method based on pressure and sound information integration is provided, which belongs to the technology field of an oil (gas) pipeline fault diagnosis, and is characterized by leakage detection and leakage location based on information integration. The former comprises: separately acquiring the measurement data of the pressure on the upperstream end and downstream end of the pipeline and a sound wave sensor, sending the data to a computer and gaining final detection results through three levels processing including data filtering, characteristic level integration and decision level integration. If the detection result shows leakage, starting leakage location process based on information integration. The process first carries out leakage location by separately adopting the signals of two kinds of sensors and a plurality of different leakage location algorithms and finally gains the location results via integration of the location results based on the same sensor and different location methods and two levels processing based on the integration of the location results of two kinds of different sensors. The method can effectively reduce the false positive rate and false negative rate and improve the location precision.

A power conversion system includes two three-level converters, and a phase shifted transformer coupled to the converters.

A first magnetic layer has a magnetization fixed along one direction. A first nonmagnetic layer on the first magnetic layer functions as a first tunnel barrier. A second magnetic layer on the first nonmagnetic layer has a magnetization whose direction can be reversed by spin transfer current injection. A second nonmagnetic layer on the second magnetic layer functions as a second tunnel barrier. A third magnetic layer on the second nonmagnetic layer has a magnetization whose direction can be reversed by spin transfer through current injection at a current density different from the second magnetic layer. First magnetic, first nonmagnetic layer, and second magnetic layers exhibit a first magnetoresistive effect. Second magnetic, second nonmagnetic, and third magnetic layers exhibit a second magnetoresistive effect. A magnetoresistive effect element records and reads out data of at least three levels based on a synthetic resistance from the first and second magnetoresistive effects.

The invention relates to an embedded system supporting dynamic loading operation of application programs. The system comprises a frame management module, an application execution engine module, a basic functional unit library module and an API module, wherein the API module, the application execution engine module and the basic functional unit library module are orderly arranged from top to bottom; the frame management module is the core management unit and used for implementing the unified management and dispatching on the terminal software and hardware resources; the frame management moduleis used for providing a system resource acquisition and release interface for the loaded application program, thereby implementing the unified management and dispatching on the system software and hardware resources; the basic functional unit library module is used for being called by other units or application execution engine; and the basic functional unit is distributed onto the terminal accessible server, so that the frame management module can remotely load the basic functional unit according to user needs when the terminal operates. The embedded system of the invention also comprises a multilevel security management module which comprises process management submodules at three levels.

A main circuit of a three-level active neutral point clamped voltage source converter having a pair of additional main switches provides two paths between an output node and a neutral point in which one of the paths involves only switches of an inner pair of switches that are operated at a high frequency. An auxiliary circuit operating at a high frequency for only a brief period during each high frequency switching cycle selects the path involving only the inner switches and provides operation with zero voltage switching and avoids reverse recovery of diodes connected antiparallel with the main and additional main switches. Accordingly, turn-on switching losses in the main switches is avoided and the voltage source converter can be operated at increased frequency to allow reduction in size of magnetic components and full potential power transfer to be achieved.

A method for automatically selecting and organizing a subset of photos from a set of photos provided by a user, who has an account on at least one social network providing some context, for creating a summarized photo album with a storytelling structure. The method comprises: arranging the set of photos into a three level hierarchy, acts, scenes and shots; checking whether photos are photos with people or not; obtaining an aesthetic measure of the photos; creating and ranking face clusters; selecting the most aesthetic photo of each face cluster; selecting photos with people until complete a predefined number of photos of the summarized album picking the ones which optimize the function:

O_f(C,C^*,S,C_SN)=α_fA_f(S)−γ_fd(H_Character(S)H_Character(C∪C_SN)−δ_fd(H_Act(S), H_Act(C^*));

and then selecting non-people photos which minimize the following function O_a:

O_a(C^*,S)=d(H_Act,(S),H_Act(C^*));

ordering all the selected photos in chronological order; and finally discarding all the photos which have not been selected.

The present application discloses a laminated busbar arrangement for use in a three-level power converter and a power converter. The laminated busbar arrangement comprises a first layer of busbar comprising a neutral-point sub busbar congfigured to make electrical connections between respective components in the three-level power converter and a neutral-point potential; a second layer of busbar comprising a plurality of sub busbars congfigured to make electrical connections between the respective components in the three-level power converter and a positive direct current (DC) input, a negative DC input and an alternating current (AC) input/output in the three-level power converter, and between respective semiconductor switching components. The present application may effectively reduce stray inductance.

A semiconductor device (700) having a leadframe with a first plurality of segments (110) having a narrow end portion (111) in a first horizontal plane (211) and a wide end portion (112) in a second horizontal plane (212). The leadframe further includes a second plurality of segments (120) having a narrow center portion (121) in the first horizontal plane, at least one wide center portion (122) in the second horizontal plane, and narrow end portions (123) in a third horizontal plane (213), which is located between the first and second planes.

The size of a pointing object is determined based on a detection result of a touch operation with a pointing object, and the number of electrodes in a group is switched according to the size of the pointing object. In particular, the size of the pointing object is categorized into three groups based on the size of an adult's finger, a child's finger, and a stylus, and the number of electrodes in a group is set to three levels. The number of electrodes in a group varies according to powers of two, such as two, four, and eight.

The present invention discloses a much higher speed interface apparatus which comprises a data driving means for decoding two-bit data signals using them as inputs to output four-level data signals; a reference voltage generating means for generating three-level reference voltages to discriminate the voltage levels of the four-level data signals; and a receiver means for comparing the four-level data signals and the three-level reference voltage signals using them as inputs and for encoding the resulting signals to output two data signals.

A method for forming an RF inductor of helical shape having high Q and minimum area. The inductor is fabricated of metal or damascened linear segments formed on three levels of intermetal dielectric layers and interconnected by metal filled vias to form the complete helical shape with electrical continuity.

The invention relates to a hydrological model calibrating method used for small watershed individual flood forecasting, comprising the following steps: collecting and treating data of a typical rainfall flood process; selecting a hydrologic catchment model with a mixed runoff generation mechanism; determining an objective function used for small watershed individual flood simulation; optimally selecting parameters for calibrating a hydrological model; and judging the applicability of the calibrated hydrological model to individual flood simulation. Aiming at defects in calibration of the hydrological model and by combining with the rainfall runoff generation characteristics of small watersheds in the north, a concentrated hydrological model with a mixed runoff generation mechanism is selected; by taking SCE-UA algorithm as basis and comprehensively considering three flood elements including flood peak, flood volume and flood hygrograph, parameters of the hydrological model can be calibrated by constructing a comprehensive objective function with variable weight; and on the basis of evaluating the calibrating effect of the hydrological model, a three-level judgment criteria comprehensively considering rainfall characteristics, drainage area and engineering requirements is provided, so that the calibrated hydrological model can better meet the requirement of flood forecasting ofsmall watersheds in the north.

A low input-current-harmonic three-phase three-level boost rectifier includes an input stage for receiving a three-phase input voltage in relation to a neutral node and an output stage adapted to couple to at least one load. The rectifier further includes one or more switching converter stages, each having a plurality of serially-connected switches coupled to the neutral node, one of the serially-connected switches operating with a fixed duty cycle while the other of the serially-connected switches operating with a variable duty cycle, the fixed duty cycle being a substantially 50% duty cycle and the variable duty cycle being less than or equal to a substantially 50% duty cycle. The serially-connected switches are coupled to clamping diodes and clamping capacitors. The rectifier further includes one or more controllers adapted to vary the switching frequency and/or duty cycle of the plurality of switches based on at least one of a condition of the at least one load or the input voltage and includes one or more decoupling stages, each including one or more inductive elements adapted to inductively decouple the output stage from at least one of the one or more switching converter stages.

The invention belongs to the technical field of face detection, and provides a convolutional neural network (CNN) based face detection method and device. The method comprises: diving a CNN into three levels of the CNN, that is, the first level is a full CNN, and the second level and the third level are double-current internal cascaded CNNs; inputting multiple to-be-detected pictures after pre-processing into the first level of the CNN, thereby obtaining pictures including initial face detection frames; and inputting the pictures including the initial face detection frames into the second level of the CNN and the third level of the CNN, thereby obtaining pictures including a face. According to the CNN-based face detection method and device, the precision of face recognition can be effectively improved.

The invention relates to a three-phase four-wire three-level photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and a control method thereof. In the inverter, voltage input from a solar panel is filtered by a filter capacitor; the input voltage is boosted by a boosting circuit to form direct-current bus voltage serving as input voltage of a post inversion circuit; the bus voltage is inverted by a three-phase four-wire inversion circuit to form three-phase voltage; after being filtered by a filtering circuit, the three-phase voltage is output to a power grid; a controller detects the voltage and output current of the solar panel, the three-phase voltage of the power grid and three-phase current output by the three-phase four-wire inversion circuit; a boosting converter and an inversion controller in thecontroller 101 respectively generate driving pulses of the boosting circuit and the three-phase four-wire inversion circuit to control the operation of the integral inverter. A three-phase four-wire power supply system is formed by the addition of a neutral line, so the inverter can be connected with symmetrically-balanced three-phase loads, and also can be connected with single-phase loads. The application field of the photovoltaic inverter is broadened while the safety of the power supply system is improved.

A method for recording data in an optical recording medium which can record data in information recording layers other than an information recording layer farthest from a light incidence plane of an optical recording medium including a plurality of information recording layers in a desired manner and reproduce data from information recording layers other than the information recording layer farthest from the light incidence plane in a desired manner. The method for recording data in an optical recording medium according to the present invention is adapted for recording data in the optical recording medium including a substrate, a protective layer and a plurality of information recording layers between the substrate and the protective layer by projecting a laser beam onto the plurality of information recording layers via a light incidence plane constituted by either the substrate or the protective layer, thereby recording data in the plurality of information recording layers and the method for recording data in an optical recording medium comprises the steps of projecting a laser beam whose power is modulated between at least three levels including a level corresponding to a recording power, a level corresponding to an intermediate power lower than the recording power and a level corresponding to a bottom power lower than the intermediate power onto at least one information recording layer other than an information recording layer farthest from the light incidence plane and forming a recording mark in the at least one information recording layer other than the information recording layer farthest from the light incidence plane, thereby recording data therein.

A processor natively executes lookup instructions. The lookup instruction is decoded to determine which general-purpose register (GPR) contains a pointer to a lookup key in a buffer. A variable-length key is read from the buffer and hashed to generate an index into a first-level cache and a hashed tag. An address of a bucket of entries for the index is generated and tags from these entries are read and compared to the hashed tag. When an entry matches the hashed tag, a second-level entry is read. A stored key from the second-level entry is compared to the input key to determine a match. The addresses of the matching second-level and first-level entries are written to GPR's specified by operands decoded from the lookup instruction. When the key or entry data is long, the second-level entry also contains a pointer to a key extension or data extension in a third-level cache.