1752 results about "Afforestation" patented technology

The invention discloses a rock slope ecological protection afforestation substrate. The substrate is prepared by evenly mixing a mixture of mixed and fermented straw, cattle manure, edible fungus refuse (the waste after the edible fungus production), sludge and organic matter fibers, compound fertilizer, a soil moisture holding agent, a binding agent, attapulgite powder and a pH regulator. The rock slope ecological protection afforestation substrate is used to carry out the spray seeding and greening on the exposed rock slope, the discarded mine and the mountain gap, and can maximally restore the vegetation ecology in a shorter period, thereby reaching the aims of afforestation and slope protection. The substrate can supply a reasonable physical structure and nutrient contents needed by the growth of the vegetation, and ensure the sufficient cohesion force between the substrate mixture on the slope surface and the rock slope so as to ensure that the vegetation on the slope surface can take root and grow well on the rock slope. The substrate can ensure the stability of the substrate mixture on the slope surface so as to resist the rain erosion. The substrate can rapidly seal the slope surface and prevent the slope surface from flaking off due to efflorescence together with the vegetation.

The invention relates to a technology for afforestation and planting in areas with shallow water level and heavily-salted soil and solves the problems of high cost for foreign soil replacement and short duration. The technical proposal is that: the process realizes the original soil planting by building an integral isolation zone in the greening area and controlling a microcirculation system inside the isolation zone and desalting with fresh water. The process comprises the following steps: A. building an isolation zone; B. desalting with fresh water until the salt content in soil is below 0.2%; and C. planting seedlings for afforestation. The technology solves the technical problems of high cost for foreign soil replacement and short duration of afforestation and greening in coastal areas with shallow water level and heavily-salted soil; and has the advantages of overcome serious erosion of underground salt water to soil mass, good desalting effect, reduced afforestation cost, improved soil structure, low requirements for raw materials for afforestation, applicability for various seedlings, easy maintenance and management and low cost.

The invention discloses a method for conducting afforestation on saline-alkali soil. The method includes the steps of firstly, digging deep planting pits in the saline-alkali soil; secondly, paving two layers of isolating curtains at the bottom of each planting pit and the inner wall of each planting pit respectively; thirdly, arranging filtering layers between each isolation layer and the bottom of each planting pit and between each isolating layer and the inner wall of each planting pit; fourthly, preparing mixed matrix, filling the matrix into the pits and tamping down the matrix; fifthly, planting seedlings; sixthly, conducting maintenance management. According to the method for conducting afforestation on the saline-alkali soil, the difficult problems of lowering the salt content, improving the soil and conducting afforestation on the saline-alkali soil are solved. Through the measures of discharging salt and blocking salt, the salt content in the distribution range of the plant root systems is lowered, the plant root systems are promoted to absorb nutrient and water and discharge salt in a unidirectional mode, and a soil environment which is beneficial to plant growth is created. According to the method for conducting afforestation on the saline-alkali soil, the survival rate and the preserving rate of the seedlings are improved, and the method is low in cost compared with a traditional method for improving the saline-alkali soil by merely paving the salt isolating layers, replacing soil and conducting afforestation, is suitable for the saline-alkali soil afforestation and the plant cover recovery project, and can also be used in the manual construction and the machine and human coordinated construction.

A method for improving an afforestation survival rate by water collecting, water retention and water replenishing comprises the steps of water collecting, soil preparation, water retention and water replenishing. The water collecting method comprises the steps that a soil preparation engineering mode is used for collecting natural rainfall water into forest land and plant pits; the measure of building a flow collecting face, a flow collecting pool, a water cellar and the like is used, in the adequate rainfall reason, the natural rainfall water is collected and reserved, and the natural rainfall water is used for supplemental irrigation when trees are in short of water. The water retention method comprises the step of using mulching films, wheat straw, dinas and the like for covering the plant pits. The water replenishing method comprises the steps that when it is arid and does not rain and when nursery stock is in water shortage, the methods of micro-irrigation, trickle irrigation, infiltrating irrigation under films, root-irrigation through tube inserting, water injection irrigation and the like are used for water replenishing; soil preparation is conducted, fertilizer is applied to the plant pits, plastic films are mulched for catchment and soil conservation, seeding and planting are conducted, a water collecting face and a water reserving cellar are built to collect rainfall water, and water replenishing and irrigation are conducted in the drought period in spring. The final purpose is to improve the afforestation survival rate and the preserving rate, and to improve the volume of forest tree growth. In addition, the important links further comprise suitable tree species choosing, application of the new technology, new method and new materials of afforestation, cultivation management, disease and pest control and the like.

The invention discloses an artificial shaping and cultivating method of big tree, mainly comprising the following steps: selecting nursery stocks, tilling soil and dibbling, fertilizing and filling, processing soil and young plant before cultivating, fixing and cultivating the young plant, later managing or the like. On the basis of using reasonable transplanting, artifical shaping and basic managing, the pest control and root treatment are strengthened at the same time, therefore the survival rate of artificial shaped big tree is evidently increased and the later growth condition is improved with good survival state and growth effect and the required big tree grows in shorter time. The cultivation time is short and a large amount of manpower maintenance cost is saved, therefore the cost is reduced. The method is in favor of industrial production of trees of a variety of specifications and shapes required by highway afforestation, park and garden construction in shorter time.

The invention provides a method of para position allocation and ,mixing cultivation of planting grass for afforestation on purple hills, which comprises the steps of: (1) division of land types: purple hilly lands are divided according to the acidity, basicity and lithology of the lands, soil erosion, soil thickness and terrain features; (2) selection of species of trees and grasses: species of trees and grasses which are applicable to grow in varied purple lands are selected according to the selection experiments of the different types of species of trees and grasses used for afforesting of purple hilly lands, and fitting degrees of the species of trees and grasses to each kind of land are specified; (3) para position allocation of the species of trees and grasses with the kinds of the lands: corresponding species of trees and grasses are allocated on the most suitable or relatively suitable lands; (4) mixed disposition of trees: different optimized disposition modes for purple hilly mixed forests are selected according to the mixed experiments of the trees for different kinds of lands of hills and hilly areas with purple soil, and trees and bushes, legumes and non-legumes, species of trees of deep root system and shallow root system, horizontally growing type and vertically growing type, soil fixing type and soil improved type are mixed. The method of the invention adopts trees, brushes and grasses to be planted on the most suitable and relatively suitable hills with purple soil, thus realizing precise para position allocation, high survival rate being up to over 90 percent and greatly accelerating the growing speed and forest establishment speed.

The invention relates to a flow or semi-flow sand dune recover method, which comprises that: 1, based on condition and soil parameter, selecting working area; 2, via the grass mode, selecting plant kind; 3, planting seeds into working area, the first year grass and arbuscle are mixed sprayed into face of sand dune, arbor is sprayed at the bottom; 4, spraying lignin water solution at the face of working area, said lignin is crosslinker of lignin, urea-aldehyde and lignin, with solidifier. The lignin is modified into hydroxymethyl/hydroxyethylation lignin. The invention has low cost and better effect.

The invention discloses a desertificated land treatment method for a windy and sandy area in an arid desert. A four-zone integrated wind prevention and sand stabilization forest system consisting of a wind prevention and sand resistance forest zone, a sand stabilization forest zone, a plant living sand-barrier sand resistance zone and a sand-sealing afforestation and lawn cultivation zone is arranged on the windward side on the front rim of a farmland. An artificial wind prevention and sand stabilization style combining resistance, stabilization, secondary resistance and sealing is formed on the rim of a new oasis, so that quicksand around the new oasis can be effectively prevented from invading the farmlands and villages; meanwhile, sand impact and sand cutting, which are caused by wind-sand flow which passes by, to crops are alleviated; the desertificated land treatment method has an obvious protection effect, is novel in design, is an extremely good innovation scheme and has an extremely good market popularization prospect.

The invention discloses a method for lithocarpus polysachyus rehd container seedling culturing. The method comprises the steps that seeds are collected and processed, sand bed germination is accelerated, nutrition cups are selected, a seedling culturing matrix is prepared, seedlings are planted into the cups, seedling management is conducted, and nursery stocks are transplanted outwards. The mature lithocarpus polysachyus rehd seeds are collected, pest killing, seed soaking and disinfection are conducted, then, sand bed germination acceleration is conducted, the seeds are transplanted to the non-woven fabric nutrition cups with the matrix after seed germination, and the qualified lithocarpus polysachyus rehd stocks are obtained through seedling management. According to the method, materials are convenient to obtain, operation is simple, and cost is low. The stocks can be transplanted after being cultured for five months to six months and can be planted in a place rich in rainfall, afforestation can be conducted at most time in a year, the roots of the cultured lithocarpus polysachyus rehd stocks are well developed and are health in growth, original soil is taken in the process of afforestation, the roots are not damaged, the survival rate and the growth amount of the lithocarpus polysachyus rehd stocks for afforestation can be improved to a great extent, and the method is good in economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit.

The invention discloses a slope protection method, wherein a gabion filled with construction wastes servers as a slope protection wall body, and quick afforestation is conducted to the gabion. According to the method, the gabion made of metal wires is filled with the construction wastes and is used for the ecological protection of a slope or a riverbank to form the slope protection wall body, and cement, clay, river sands, organic matters, improved vegetation concrete afforestation additives and plant seeds are injected into the slope protection wall body to afforest the slope protection wall body. The local recycling utilization of the construction wastes is achieved, degree of mechanization of the slope wall body quick afforestation method is high, cost is low, the contradiction between soil conservation and growth of plants is better solved, and application prospect is wide.

The invention discloses a method for planting Chinese tamarisk forest in littoral heavy saline-alkali land through direct cuttage. The method comprises the following steps of: A, carrying out land preparation, building bench borders; B, irrigating with saline water in winter and freezing; C, mulching film; D, preparing cutting wood; E, carrying out cuttage and planting; F, fertilizing; and G, carrying out growth period management. In the invention, through taking a series of measures such as land preparation, freezing and irrigating with the saline water in winter, melting and showering with the saline water in spring, film mulching for reducing soil and retaining water and the like, Chinese tamarisk forest can be planted in the littoral saline-alkali land by a direct cuttage method, goodeffect is realized in the same year when afforestation is carried out in high saline-alkali land, vegetation coverage rate of the high saline-alkali land is improved, ecological environment is improved, and the method disclosed by the invention has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses an afforestation method of a steep rocky slope, relating to an afforestation method. The invention comprises that: 1. an afforestation system consisting of the steep rocky slopes (1), gentle slope belt casing soil (2) arranged on the steep rocky slope, water gathering slots (3) that connects from top to bottom in sequence, an impounding reservoir (4) and a irrigation pipeline (5), wherein, the water gathering slots (3) are arranged at the middle part of a water gathering plane of the steep rocky slope (1); 2. climbing vegetation and/or hanging vegetation (6) is planted on the gentle slope belt casing soil (2), covering the steep rocky slope (1); 3. mixed vegetation of tree, shrub and fodder grass (7) is planted on the gentle slope belt casing soil (2). The invention applies ecological afforestation to the steep rocky slope (1), uses a mixed wood mode to increase the survival rate of the climbing vegetation and the hanging vegetation and adopts a natural irrigation system to reduce the maintenance cost or with a view that no maintenance cost is needed, thereby being applicable to the afforestation of the steep rocky slop (1).

The invention relates to a plant cultivating substrate as well as a preparation method and application of the plant cultivating substrate. The plant cultivating substrate is prepared by taking polyaspartic acid water-absorbent resin as a binder, mixing sand and water, moulding and drying, is preferably a truncated cone with a longitudinal through hole formed at an axis, and can be matched with a plant cultivating medium containing polyaspartic acid fertilizer and a polyaspartic acid water-absorbent resin aquasorb for plant seed preservation and seedling cultivation. The plant cultivating substrate can effectively absorb and retain moisture, can supply moisture and nutritional elements which are necessary to plant growth in an uninterrupted way, so that a greening effect can be achieved and the balance of a local ecological environment and species is not destroyed; therefore, the plant cultivating substrate is particularly applicable to afforestation, barren hill greening and desertification control in arid areas.

The invention discloses a method for culturing large eucalyptus seedlings. The method comprises the following technical steps: 1. selection of seedling field; 2. preparation of a plug seedling bed; 3.preparation and sterilization of matrix soil; 4. selection and treatment of ear rods and tissue culture seedlings; 5. cutting and plug transplantation of the tissue culture seedlings, wherein, the cutting seedlings are vertically inserted in the midpoint of holes at depth of 1.5-2cm; and the tissue culture seedlings are directly transplanted to the prepared plug seedling bed; 6. water and fertilizer management; 7. transplantation in vessels: the seedlings are cultured in the plugs for about 50-70 days, and terminal buds are newly extracted to 2-3cm; when the root systems of most of nursery stocks are lumped, the seedlings in the plugs are transplanted to a black polyethylene plastic nursery cup with 8*8 (cm) for culturing the large seedlings; and 8. culture of the large seedlings: the transplanted young seedlings are placed in a shading arched cover for culture, and a shading net is gradually opened for hardening the seedlings at the later period; water and fertilizer management is strengthened; and then the seedlings are removed out of a seedling nursery and planted in a mountain for afforestation in the case of seedling height up to 35-50cm and ground stems up to more than 0.25cm, fertilization is stopped 10 days before afforestation, and the nursery stocks are applied with transferring fertilizer by 0.3% of complex fertilizer once 1-2 days before outplanting.

The invention relates to a method for soil-column seedling culture and transplanting afforestation, wherein the transplanting afforestation method comprises the following steps of preparing soil-column blocks, using the soil-column blocks to cultivate tree/shrub seedlings and transplanting soil-column-block seedlings on site. The method can avoid the damage of bare-rooted seedling transplantation to tree root systems, as well as the problem of root-system coiling problem caused by container seedling transplantation, can enable transplanted seedlings to form root-system forms similar to self-generated trees so as to improve the survival rate of the seedlings and the adaptability of the seedlings to new environments, can avoid the destruction of fish-scale pits and other traditional afforestation methods to ground surface, and can reduce soil wind erosion. The method can be used for general flat-land afforestation, as well as slope-land, sandy-land and wasteland afforestation, and has obvious social, economic and ecological benefits.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly method for drought-resistant afforestation on sandy land, which comprises the following steps: (1) excavating planting pits on sandy land and determining the concentration of the pits according to local rainfall; (2) laying a layer of degradable plastic film at the bottom of each pit, scattering a layer of crop straw on the film, and planting saplings; (3) covering degradable agricultural films after planting, covering sand on the films, and excavating an irrigation hole at the lowest concave position; (4) preparing diammonium phosphate water solution to be filled in an irrigation tank, and leading water to the irrigation hole through a water-leading pipe; and (5) in watering the saplings, inserting the outlet of an irrigation pipe into the irrigation hole, opening a water-control valve to irrigate, and controlling the flow rate at a certain speed.

The invention relates to the technical field of salinized soil conditioners and in particular relates to a soil conditioner, a preparation method thereof and a method for conditioning salinized soil on afforestation lands. The soil conditioner is obtained by the following preparation method: uniformly mixing a required amount of desulphurization gypsum, humic acid, magnesium sulfate, water-soluble polymers and solid acid. By adopting the soil conditioner and an application method of the soil conditioner, the pH value, alkalinity and total salt content of the salinized soil can be reduced, the conditioning cost of the salinized soil is reduced and the conditioning effects of the salinized soil are effectively improved, thus improving the soil texture and fertility and then increasing the seedling survival rate. The soil conditioner and the method have the function of accelerating agricultural development and ecological shelter forest construction of salinized regions.

The invention discloses a method for planting a mixed mangrove forest in groups. According to the method, local mangrove species are planted with row as unit; the direction of the row is parallel to the coastline; one local mangrove species is planted in each row; kandelia candel hypocotyls are inserted between the rows; the local mangrove species comprise Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, kandelia candel, Rhizophora stylosa, avicennia marina and Tung blossoms; and the mangrove species are 2-3 years old and the mangrove species in one row closest to the seat are 3 years old. The method is beneficial for bringing colony heterosis and boundary advantages of each mangrove species into full play, and has the advantages that topographies and spaces are sufficiently utilized and forest tree growth is promoted. The method has the advantages as follows: as more mature mangroves are planted in near-sea sections, the method is beneficial for protecting the kandelia candel hypocotyls and plants in the back rows and reducing impacts of tides on the mixed forest, the surrival rate of afforestation can be increased, the use of building materials is reduced, the secondary pollution is avoided and the cost is reduced.

The invention discloses an artificial cultivation method for wild fruit Kadsura coccinea. The method comprises the following steps: selection of an afforestation land, planting, building of a rainproof-sunshade type single trellis, shaping and pruning, pest and disease control, etc. The artificial cultivation method provided by the invention improves the success rate of artificial cultivation of the wild fruit Kadsura coccinea, realizes large-scale plantation of the wild fruit Kadsura coccinea, and has good market development prospects and economic benefits.

The invention discloses a spray-sowing slope protection structure for a steep rock side slope. The spray-sowing slope protection structure is composed of a supporting reinforcing assembly and planting matrix, wherein the supporting reinforcing assembly comprises a galvanized iron wire mesh, planting strips, an active protective net and an anchor rod; the galvanized iron wire mesh is suspended on the slope surface of a side slope; the planting strips are long-strip bags which are sewn by non-woven fabrics, and planting soil mixed with a fertilizer are contained in the long-strip bags; the long-strip bags are alternated and horizontally arranged along the slope surface, and are tied on the galvanized iron wire mesh by iron wires; the active protective net is laid and suspended outside the planting strips; and the active protective net is fixed on the slope surface by virtue of the anchor rod. The planting matrix is a mixture of soil, organic substances, a binder, a fertilizer, a water-retaining agent, a PH regulator and plant seeds, is prepared by uniformly stirring the mixture, and is sprayed on the slope surface with the planting strips; and the planting matrix is 10 cm thick. A setting method for the slope protection structure comprises the following steps: renovating the slope surface, laying and hanging the galvanized iron wire mesh, laying the planting strips, laying and suspending the active protective net, and spraying the planting matrix. According to the spray-sowing slope protection structure, a side slope reinforcement and protection technology and a green protection technology are organically combined together to achieve the effects of preventing rockfall, guaranteeing side slope stability, afforestation and environmental protection.

The invention provides a method for asexually propagating taxus cuspidata, relating to the method for propagating the taxus cuspidate. The invention solves the problems of low rooting rate and weak nursery stock in the existing cutting propagation method for the taxus cuspidate and low survival rate under natural condition when the taxus cuspidata is transplanted for afforestation on a mountain. The method comprises the following steps: ears are picked up in winter of the first year, and is buried by ice and snow; in spring of the second year, cutting is carried out on a disinfected cutting bed, a film is coated on the cutting bed in 2.5 to 3 months with humidity of between 85 and 88 percent at the temperature of between 26 and 29 DEG C and shading degree of between 70 and 75 percent after cutting is completed, and the cutting bet is subject to fertilizer application and sterilization; the coated film is removed, cold-proof water is irrigated before winter; and the bed is changed in spring of the third year, and culture is conducted for two years to obtain the taxus cuspidata for afforestation. The cultured sapling has 100 percent of lignification, 80 to 96 percent of cut rooting rate and 85 to 90 percent of planting percentage, thus the mature period of medical forest is shortened. The method can be used for large-scale afforestation.

The invention discloses a wood non-woven fabric container nursery biological-type medium comprising a medium main material and a fertilizer, wherein the medium main material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of peat, 20-30 parts of straw fermented materials, 5-10 parts of wormcast, 15-25 parts of pearlites, 5-10 parts of vermiculites and 8-12 parts of special solid biological bacteria agent; and the fertilizer comprises the following materials with using amount in the terms of the weight S of the medium main material: 0.3%-0.8% by S of calcium superphosphate and 0.8%-1.5% by S of controlled-release fertilizers. The wood non-woven fabric container nursery biological-type medium can be used by matching with a greenhouse, a plastic tent, an electronic automatic spraying device, and the like and has the advantages of air root relief, good root system development, afforestation time prolonging, soil improvement, wide application range and very high application and popularization value, and the like.

The invention relates to an intelligent control system for comprehensive utilization of rainwater and a control method of the intelligent control system. The intelligent control system comprises a remote computer central control platform, a rainfall sensor, a rainwater collection device, a rainwater discarding flow treatment device, a rainwater collection pool, a rainwater reuse lifting pump and a clean water pool, the rainwater collection device, the rainwater discharging flow treatment device, the rainwater collection pool, the rainwater reuse lifting pump and the clean water pool are connected sequentially through a pipeline, the clean water pool is connected with an afforestation sprinkling irrigation device and a garage flushing device through a middle water electric butterfly valve, the rainwater discarding flow treatment device is connected with a municipal sewer through a rainwater discharging flow electric butterfly valve, and liquid level meters in the rainwater collection pool and the clean water pool, the rainfall sensor, the rainwater reuse lifting pump and the above valves are connected with the remote computer central control platform respectively. The control method includes: collecting liquid level of each pool in real time; intelligently combining current realtime rainfall and subsequent possible weather condition; automatically analyzing and judging; automatically controlling start and stop of each stage of rainwater reuse. The intelligent control system is reasonable in control, rainwater utilization rate is increased, off-peak electricity can be utilized for rainwater treatment, and electric energy is saved.