128 results about "Watershed" patented technology

The invention discloses an improved watershed SAR image segmentation method based on complex wavelet texture region merging, which combines a complex wavelet feature extraction method and the watershed algorithm improved by the Gaussian low-pass filter to be used for restraining over segmentation existing in watershed-segmented SAR images. The method comprises the following implementation steps of: (1) carrying out the improved watershed transformation to an original image so as to obtain initial segmentation; (2) extracting complex wavelet energy feature of each pixel in the initial segmented image; (3) unifying the pixel feature in each irregular region block; and (4) sorting and merging different region blocks by utilizing a 'K-mean value' clustering method to reduce the region blocks and obtain final results. The image segmentation effect of the method is verified to be basically consistent with the standard by a group of simulation experiments.

The invention provides a region merging method for a minimum spanning tree implementing threshold restraining on 'over-segmentation' regions generated due to watershed segmentation. The method comprises the following steps: regional adjacent maps are built to a watershed segmentation result; the built maps for the threshold-restrained minimum spanning tree algorithm are combined, and the 'over-segmentation' regions are combined to form a combining result.

The invention discloses a small watershed design flood derivation method. The method comprises steps of determining a downstream hydrological station of the small watershed, and obtaining informationincluding a watershed DEM map above the hydrological station and the like; loading the obtained information into GIS software, extracting a drainage basin water system, cutting and dividing the drainage basin water system into a plurality of natural sub-drainage basins, endowing hydrological identification numbers, adding hydrological units and generalizing a drainage basin map; obtaining the rainfall runoff process of the annual maximum-session flood of the outlet section of the basin above the hydrological station; establishing a hydrological model of the watershed above the hydrological station; therefore, small-watershed hydrological model parameters capable of reflecting rainfall runoff process information of the small watershed of the to-be-deduced design flood are obtained, the design rainstorm of the small watershed is calculated through a hydrological frequency calculation method, and the design rainstorm is brought into the calibrated small-watershed hydrological model to deduce the design flood process line of the small watershed. According to the method, high-precision design flood capable of reflecting rainfall runoff process information of the small watershed can be obtained through simple operation in the small watershed.

The invention discloses a meshing local watershed-based fuzzy clustering method. According to the method, a superpixel thought and a watershed algorithm are combined, and improvement is carried out onthe basis of a fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm (Fuzzy c-means), so that the ability and efficiency of capturing image salient regions by using an image segmentation algorithm and the denoising ability are improved. The method comprises the following steps of: carrying out non-uniform meshing on an image according to a region grey level value variance; carrying out a watershed algorithm of a local optimum threshold value on each mesh so as to decrease local information loss caused by a global watershed; obtaining a salient water accumulation basin in each mesh; carrying out region fusion and equalizing the grey level of each marked region; and finally carrying out clustering by using a region area-considered FCM to obtain a final segmented image. The method is strong in robustness for noise, is capable of effectively eliminating interference regions and segmenting salient regions in images, and has relatively low time complexity at the same time.

The invention relates to a hydrological analysis technology in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and discloses a watershed similarity discrimination method based on watershed attribute distance to improve comprehensiveness, objectivity and rationality of reference watershed selection. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing nested watershed division and watershedattribute optimization based on high-resolution multi-source massive satellite remote sensing attribute raster data; secondly, extracting attribute raster data of each nested watershed according to the mask layer of each nested watershed; calculating a basin attribute distance of each nested basin through a generalized distance capable of comprehensively reflecting a basin attribute factor and a basin nested structure; and finally, calculating the basin similarity of each nested basin based on the basin attribute distance, and performing basin similarity judgment according to similarity grading. According to the method, the accuracy and accuracy of basin similarity judgment are effectively improved, important technical support is provided for reasonably selecting the reference basin in hydrological analysis of water conservancy and hydropower engineering in regions lack of data, and the selection of the reference basin is more comprehensive, objective and reasonable.

The invention discloses a method for searching a similar watershed based on a spatial dimension division theory. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, dividing a drainage basin into a plurality of orthogonal grid units based on DEM data to obtain an elevation in each grid unit, thereby obtaining an elevation grid Raster_Ele of the drainage basin, and calculating to obtain an elevationfractal dimension value Fra_Ele; secondly, calculating the gradient in each grid unit to obtain a gradient grid Raster_Slope of the drainage basin, and calculating to obtain a gradient fractional dimension value Fra_Slope; next, calculating the slope direction in each grid unit to obtain a slope direction grid Raster_Slope Dir of the drainage basin, and calculating to obtain a slope direction sub-dimension value Fra_Slope Dir; and finally, constructing a multi-dimensional feature space, generalizing a drainage basin into data points, labeling the data points in the multi-dimensional feature space, and classifying the data points, so that the drainage basin divided into one class is regarded as a similar drainage basin.

The invention discloses a flood forecasting method suitable for a runoff data lack basin based on machine learning. The flood forecasting method comprises the following steps: 1) extracting and parameterizing sample basin features; 2) carrying out basin flood response characteristic analysis; 3) generating a drainage basin feature sample set; 4) generating a classification tree based on the basinfeature sample set; 5) generating a training data set based on the tree nodes; 6) carrying out flood forecasting based on the classification tree and the data driving model; and 7) updating the classification tree and the training set. Flood response characteristics of the drainage basin are analyzed by utilizing a machine learning algorithm; and based on the watershed characteristics and the flood response characteristics, an association relationship between watersheds is established. According to the method, the sample data set is generated on the basis of the basin characteristics and the flood response similarity, then the data driving model is trained according to the sample data set, the rainfall and flood response relation of the medium and small rivers is simulated, and therefore real-time forecasting of the flood of the medium and small rivers is achieved. According to the method provided by the invention, the data driving model can be applied to flood forecasting of runoff data lack drainage basins, and the dependence of a previous parameter transplanting mode on a model structure and model parameters is changed, so that the flood forecasting precision is improved.

The invention provides a runoff calculation and prediction method based on a watershed hydrological model. The method comprises the steps: building a watershed hydrological model, and constructing a feature region basic watershed database; dividing hydrological response units according to different characteristic area basic drainage basin data; inputting localized model data, and carrying out related data simulation; determining model parameters of the watershed hydrological model; verifying the correctness of the watershed hydrological model; and inputting meteorological data in the watershed in a future climate scene into the watershed hydrological model, and predicting the river runoff in the hydrological response unit. According to the rainfall runoff and rainfall runoff prediction method, the whole runoff production and confluence process in the drainage basin is considered, the water flow movement process of the whole drainage basin is simulated by inputting climate data, drainage basin data and land utilization data of the drainage basin, and the rainfall runoff and rainfall runoff prediction method can be well applied to simulation of river runoff of the drainage basin and is fast in rainfall runoff calculation and program response.

The invention provides a method and system for estimating the surface water resource quantity of a watershed in a region without data, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining measured rainfall data and remote sensing rainfall product data of a monthly-scale site of a watershed to be estimated, and fusing the two types of data to obtain surface average rainfall data; calculating monthly scale surface average potential evapotranspiration data of the drainage basin according to actually measured meteorological data of meteorological stations in the drainage basin; obtaining basin monthly scale surface actual evapotranspiration data and land water reserve change data in the remote sensing product; establishing a WBM-DP two-parameter hydrological model, determining an objective function, optimizing the objective function, calibrating the parameters, and then returning an optimal value to the WBM-DP two-parameter hydrological model; and calculating the monthly runoff of the drainage basin to be estimated according to the output parameters of the two-parameter hydrological model. The redundancy in the data acquisition process is solved, the certainty and reliability of the result are improved, and meanwhile, the limitation that the result difference of different traditional parameter transplantation methods is large is overcome.

The invention discloses a static gesture recognition method based on watershed transformation, and belongs to the field of image processing. The gesture recognition method comprises the steps of gesture image collection, color space conversion, adaptive brightness adjustment, skin color threshold segmentation, watershed transformation, gray threshold combination, gesture feature extraction and template matching. The self-adaptive brightness adjustment algorithm greatly improves the accuracy of skin color-like region extraction; the problem of over-segmentation in watershed transformation is better solved through the double-Gaussian filtering kernel, and meanwhile edge information of the image is better reserved; the fourier correlation discrimination gesture instruction better utilizes the characteristics of the to-be-matched gesture, and the accuracy of gesture recognition is improved.

The invention provides a watershed unit water consumption division method based on geographic information data. The watershed unit water consumption division method comprises the following steps: S1, inputting the geographic information data; S2, cutting the raster data: extracting Polycon data of each region, and performing mask cutting operation on the land utilization raster data and the population density raster data; respectively calculating the population proportion of each drainage basin in the administrative region and the utilization area proportion of each type of land; S3, inputting statistical data: inputting urban and rural demographic data and various water consumption data of an administrative region; S4, dividing water consumption: calculating the current urban population and rural population of each drainage basin; and calculating each water consumption of each drainage basin in the administrative region so as to divide the water consumption according to drainage basin units. The invention provides the watershed unit water consumption division method based on geographic information data, and solves the problems that a main means for measuring and calculating the water consumption of administrative regions in watersheds at present is an empirical method, and a universal method is not formed yet.

The invention relates to a non-uniform multi-source flood encountering risk analysis method. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) preparing data; 2) carrying out non-consistency diagnosis on flood peak sequences; 3) determining main and branch flood peak time sequence distribution; 4) carrying out fitting and parameter estimation on main and branch flood peak sequences; 5) constructing joint distribution; and 6) carrying out flood peak encountering analysis. According to the method, the design is scientific and reasonable, the actual encountering situation of actually measured flood sequences can be analyzed, and the flood influence evaluation can be carried out more flexibly and effectively by using a joint analysis method while the flood sequences are characterized by using the significant characteristic quantity to grasp the researched flood characteristics; a flood control response mechanism is perfected, peak shaving and peak shifting are conducted intime, life and property losses of people are reduced, and a flood control standard basis is provided for watershed hydraulic engineering construction.

The invention discloses a watershed hydrological model parameter dynamic estimation method based on a digital twinborn technology. Constructing digital twin bodies of the watershed based on the physical characteristic data of the watershed and observation data such as historical hydro meteorology; sensors are arranged in the drainage basin to achieve real-time monitoring of multiple feature elements of the drainage basin, and real-time tracking and information synchronization of digital twins of the drainage basin are achieved; according to historical and real-time synchronous drainage basin digital twins, state variables and parameters in the simulation model are estimated in a mode of synchronously combining a data assimilation method and an optimization algorithm, and finally dynamic estimation of parameters of the drainage basin hydrological model is achieved. According to the method, the real-time monitoring data of the drainage basin can be fully utilized, the dynamic change presented by the characteristic conditions of the drainage basin under the changing environment background can be accurately reflected, the targets of intelligent management, analogue simulation, automatic optimization, real-time updating and reasonable prediction are achieved, and the runoff simulation precision of the drainage basin under the changing environment can be improved.

The invention relates to a solving method applied to a design flood hydrograph of a small watershed. The method comprises the steps of inputting hydrological parameters according to basin data; carrying out regional design rainstorm calculation and confluence calculation; calculating and verifying the flood peak flow by utilizing a Newton iteration method; acquiring a confluence time and a confluence speed, and checking the rationality of a calculation result by using the two; determining a drainage basin instantaneous unit line according to drainage basin instantaneous unit line parameters, and solving design flood peak flow according to net rain depth hourly distribution and a comparative reasoning formula method; and calculating and designing a flood hydrograph according to a basin instantaneous unit line nonlinear solving technical principle. The method is suitable for solving the same-frequency time-history rainfall distribution process of the comprehensive rain type of the smallwatershed, is reasonable in design and small in error, and can be applied to design flood hydrograph calculation.

The invention discloses a time sequence InSAR watershed reservoir bank deformation prediction method based on self-adaptive KF. The method comprises the following steps: SAR image selection, image data registration, differential interferogram generation, self-adaptive Kalman filter design, newly added image processing and deformation prediction. According to the invention, a state equation and anobservation equation of the self-adaptive Kalman filter are derived in detail according to a differential interferometric phase model, and a theoretical model of deformation prediction is establishedin combination with the technical process of the time sequence InSAR, so that the deformation trend of the large-area observation area of the watershed reservoir bank is effectively predicted, and a deformation prediction value with relatively high precision and high spatial resolution is obtained; and the method is suitable for large-scale watershed reservoir bank area deformation prediction, theprediction precision is high, early warning information is provided for related personnel by accurately predicting the magnitude of watershed reservoir bank deformation quantity at the future moment,a manager is prompted to carry out safety inspection on the potential abnormal deformation reservoir bank position, and disasters and property loss are effectively reduced.

The invention provides a GIS-based medium and small watershed design flood model, and relates to the field of rainstorm flood calculation, and the model comprises the steps: 1, determining a research watershed, and extracting the feature attributes of the research watershed; 2, calculating the water level of a design research basin and the river width of an outlet section; 3, according to a rainstorm flood manual, determining the designed rainstorm flow Hp and time distribution of the designed rainstorm flow Hp of the flood in Ts years; 4, designing and researching drainage basin runoff yield calculation; 5, designing and researching basin confluence calculation; and 6, designing and researching a drainage basin recession process. Parameters of the model are objectified, subjectivity of manual debugging or parameter selection is avoided, so that universality of the model is enhanced, and the problem that design flood precision of medium and small watersheds in areas lack of data is not high is solved.

The invention discloses a free liquid level identification and extraction method of a watershed algorithm based on Gaussian filtering, belongs to the technical field of image processing, and is used for solving the technical problem of difficulty in identifying and extracting a free liquid level of an existing liquid level image. The method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting a liquid level picture, and converting the picture into a binary image through gray processing; and (2) carrying out convolution processing on the image after gray processing by using Gaussian difference filtering, highlighting the edge with the large gradient in the image gray value, weakening the noise, weakening the edge with the small gradient, and achieving the purpose of highlighting the edge of the free liquid level; (3) performing watershed segmentation on a gradient image formed after Gaussian differential filtering, and identifying and extracting a free liquid level; and (4) superposing the extracted free liquid level back to the liquid level image, and checking the segmentation effect. The method can accurately identify and extract the free liquid level of the image, and can be applied tothe technical field of physical model experiments of storage cabin carrying equipment in aerospace, transportation and the like.

The invention provides a watershed ecosystem service value space transfer evaluation and mapping method, which combines parameters such as land utilization type data, crop sowing area, unit area yield, grain crop nationwide average price and the like to calculate the ecosystem service values of the upstream, the middle and the downstream of a watershed. The method comprises the steps of: calculating ecological system service value space circulation of the upstream, the middle and the downstream of the drainage basin and ecological system service value transfer relation of the upper, the middle and the lower of the drainage basin by utilizing results of the field intensity model and the breaking point model, proposing a mapping method, and drawing a drainage basin transfer relation graph. Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that different types of ecosystem service functions are distinguished by utilizing an equivalent factor rule, the value quantity of different ecosystem service functions is constructed by utilizing a quantifiable standard, and evaluation is performed in combination with a system area. In addition, the calculation method is simple, easy to operate, small in data demand and suitable for ecological system value circulation evaluation of a large-area drainage basin.

The invention belongs to the field of geological disaster information extraction, and discloses a slope geological disaster extraction method based on a multi-feature auxiliary watershed algorithm, which comprises the following steps: segmenting an image to be segmented through a simulated immersion watershed algorithm, and converting the segmented region from an RGB color space to an Luv color space; searching for a minimum region in all the segmented regions; traversing all the adjacent regions of each minimum region, and combining the adjacent regions of which the chromatic aberration values meet conditions with the minimum regions until all the minimum regions are combined; calculating each characteristic factor image layer and superposing the characteristic factor image layers with the merged segmentation area; and setting a topographic feature threshold, a sensitivity feature threshold and a geometrical feature threshold, and removing regions which do not meet threshold conditions, so that the remaining regions are the extracted slope geological disaster pattern spots. The slope geological disaster time efficiency and accuracy of the extracted experimental area are high, theslope disaster boundary and the visual interpretation result are good in goodness of fit, manual intervention in the extraction process is little, and objectivity is high.

The invention discloses a prediction method for overall change trend of drainage basin runoff. The method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing a watershed runoff overall trend change factor with multiple space-time granularity characteristics and life cycles; s2, calculating an area empowerment represented by a meteorological station in the drainage basin by adopting a Thiessen polygon method, and constructing a rainfall object; s3, adopting a correlation coefficient method to screen climate objects with strong correlation with the drainage basin runoff process; s4, constructing a vegetation object covering the whole drainage basin based on a drainage basin normalized vegetation index calculation method of the SPOT image; s5, adopting a feature screening method to realize feature screening of key objects influencing the overall change trend of the drainage basin runoff; and S6, realizing basin runoff overall change trend prediction based on the intelligent prediction model. And the macroscopic research and judgment capability of the long-term runoff change trend in the watershed in a complex environment can be improved.

The invention discloses a cell instance segmentation method based on Unet and a watershed algorithm. The cell instance segmentation method is mainly designed for the details of the algorithm combining the Unet with the watershed. According to the method, two unet networks are used and are respectively responsible for semantic segmentation of cellular morphology and semantic segmentation of cell nucleuses; secondly, aiming at the characteristic that a watershed algorithm needing to be marked needs to specify a water injection point and an unknown area; in the algorithm, a cell nucleus is used as a water injection point of each cell region, other cell regions without a cell nucleus region are used as unknown regions, and then an original image is subjected to gradient processing by using a sobel operator to perform watershed algorithm segmentation. The adherent cells can be separated, and the range of the predicted cells is a normal range.

The invention discloses an automatic calibration method for hydrological model parameters in a data area. The automatic calibration method comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting hydrologicalmodel parameters needing to be calibrated; and step 2, adopting an artificial intelligence genetic algorithm to automatically calibrate hydrological model parameters needing to be calibrated in a data area. The technical problems that in the prior art, a traditional trial and error method is adopted for determining parameters of a hydrological model of a watershed with data, that is, parameter values of the hydrological model are continuously adjusted manually to meet the requirement for simulation precision, and the method is subjective, low in work repeatability, low in efficiency, extremely high in complexity, not beneficial to application and popularization of the hydrological model and the like are solved.

The invention relates to a general watershed water circulation simulation calculation method based on natural sub-watersheds, the natural sub-watersheds are used as calculation units for runoff production and slope confluence, and the surface rainfall input of each sub-watershed is calculated by adopting the high-fault-tolerance surface rainfall calculation method disclosed by the invention. Different runoff production and confluence models can be adopted for all the sub-basins to fully reflect climate and underlying surface characteristics, river network confluence is achieved between the sub-basins through a topological relation model and a hydrodynamic model, and finally the flow process of the outlet section of each sub-basin is obtained through calculation. For the influence of the cross-basin water diversion project, the influence is generalized into the increase and decrease influence of single river flow evolution on the outlet flow of the nearest downstream sub-basin under the input boundary of the upstream flow process. The method can provide powerful theoretical and technical support for basin water resource analysis and calculation and basin water resource optimal allocation.

The invention discloses a composite material CT image segmentation processing method based on an improved watershed algorithm and morphological evaluation, and the method comprises: carrying out the preprocessing of an original image, strengthening the local features of the original image, obtaining an initial mark point through morphological processing and distance transformation, and carrying out the pre-segmentation of the global image through employing a self-adaptive h value selection algorithm and the watershed algorithm; and carrying out effectiveness evaluation on each connected regionin the segmented marks through region effectiveness indexes, carrying out local h value adaptive selection and watershed algorithm segmentation on regions with effectiveness below a set standard, andcarrying out iteration until almost all connected regions meet the requirements of the effectiveness indexes, thereby obtaining a final algorithm segmentation result. Aiming at the characteristic oflow local contrast, the accuracy of edge detection and instance segmentation is improved through a local adaptive iterative segmentation strategy of an h value; and an effectiveness index is established for the intrinsic morphological characteristics of the research object, so the under-segmentation region is accurately identified, and whether to continuously implement the local segmentation algorithm or not is judged.

The invention discloses a method for analyzing evapotranspiration influence factors and establishing a multiple regression model. The method comprises the following steps: collecting basin meteorological data, remote sensing data, basin underlying surface data, population data, vegetation coverage rate data and the like; inverting the surface temperature based on a porcupine single-window algorithm, and estimating the basin instantaneous evapotranspiration based on an SEBAL model according to an inversion result; dividing watershed features by adopting normalized vegetation indexes, and partitioning the watershed; on the basis of watershed zoning, performing sensitivity analysis, correlation analysis and t inspection on the evapotranspiration amount of the watershed and the influence factors of the evapotranspiration amount, and screening out main influence factors capable of reflecting the evapotranspiration characteristics of the watershed; establishing a multiple regression model for the basin evapotranspiration and the influence factors thereof; and gradually adjusting the constructed model by adopting an AIC information criterion until an optimal multiple regression model is obtained.

The invention provides a watershed wetland flood regulation and storage function quantitative evaluation method. The method comprises the steps of 1, constructing a watershed hydrological model coupled with a wetland module; 2, performing basin hydrological process simulation under different wetland distribution situations according to the basin hydrological model, and obtaining corresponding riverway runoff based on different basin hydrological process simulation results; 3, determining a flood event according to a flood event threshold value and the corresponding river channel runoff under different wetland distribution situations; extracting flood characteristics according to the flood event; and 4, quantitatively evaluating the flood regulation and storage function of the watershed wetland according to the flood characteristics. Through the wetland flood regulation and storage function, the construction of the watershed hydrological model coupled with the wetland module is firstlycarried out, so that the hydrological process simulation precision is greatly improved, and the watershed wetland flood regulation and storage function and the space-time difference thereof can be finely and quantitatively evaluated.

The invention discloses a watershed water surface mixed drawing method and system, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps of obtaining original section observation data of a target watershed and performing multi-level data index storage; performing spatial interpolation on the target drainage basin according to the original section observation data, constructing a water surface grid, obtaining the terrain elevation of the target drainage basin, and constructing a water surface model of the target drainage basin; according to the drawing shapes of the multiple water surface drawing models, dotted models, linear models and planar models are sequenced, and according to the model sequencing sequence, obtaining a mixed drawing model through sequential drawing; superposing the mixed drawing model to a target drainage basin water surface model to obtain a drainage basin water surface visualization model; performing spatial interpolation on the target drainage basin according to the spatial change, performing time interpolation according to the time change, performing dynamic frame interpolation drawing, and achieving drainage basin water surface one-map mixed rendering. According to the invention, through sorting and hybrid rendering of various models, visual overlapping and shielding can be reduced, and the rendering effect and the rendering efficiency are improved.

The invention discloses a nested self-stabilization confluence calculation method based on space-time dynamic optimization, belonging to the technical field of hydrology. The method quantifies the influence of roughness, river channel bottom slope and upstream incoming water on confluence calculation on the basis of physical factors influencing confluence calculation, and automatically optimizes and finds a proper space-time step length, thus the nested self-stabilization confluence calculation method based on space-time dynamic optimization is provided. Therefore, the precision and the reliability of a calculation result are ensured, and meanwhile, the problem of river channel confluence calculation of mountainous small and medium-sized watersheds with obvious geographic feature spatial differentiation is solved. The method is mainly applied to a basin digital elevation model, data sources are stable and reliable, a function relation between variables in the method is clear, rapid andautomatic execution of river channel confluence calculation in watersheds is facilitated, extraction steps are simplified through the digital watershed technology, the objective rationality of results is guaranteed, and deep development of digital hydrology and mountain torrent prevention and treatment research of mountainous small and medium watersheds can be further promoted.

The invention provides a three-dimensional visualization and rapid mapping method and model for an emergency plan for small watershed natural disasters, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining geographic data, and constructing a data layer according to the geographic data; constructing a functional layer on the data layer to monitor natural disasters in the small watershed, and automatically generating an emergency plan according to the monitored content; and constructing a visual interaction layer on the functional layer to display the current morphology of the small watershed in a 3D manner, and performing virtual deduction according to an emergency plan after the plan is generated. The small watershed is monitored in real time, and an emergency plan is automatically generated, so that the prevention of natural disasters in the small watershed is more active; through the visual interaction layer, the current morphology of the small watershed can be displayed in a 3D mode, and virtual deduction of an emergency plan is carried out, so that people can visually confirm whether loss caused by natural disasters is matched with the emergency plan or not, and the problems that existing rapid mapping cannot monitor and prevent the natural disasters and cannot provide the emergency plan are solved.