2133 results about "Drainage basin" patented technology

The invention discloses a design method for a distributed hydrological model by using a grid as an analog unit, which is called as ESSI for short. The design method comprises the following steps of: obtainment of a distributed parameter: converting vector data into grid data; generalization of a watershed hydrological process: establishing a universal runoff generating type for the grid; design of a runoff generating process: respectively computing the water-quantity distributing condition of each part according to different prior-period soil water conditions; design of a flow collecting process: respectively designing a Muskingum-Cunge method, a delay algorithm and a riverway segmentation Muskingum method for the flow collecting process computation of the model under different conditions; and model development and integration. The invention not only can finish the watershed hydrological process simulation at an arid region and a humid region, but also can realize the short-term flood forecast and the long-term rainfall-runoff process simulation and prediction of a watershed by using modularization and integration ideas as means, thereby providing scientific reference bases for deeply learning about the physical mechanism of water circulation by people, reducing the drought and water-logging disasters and reasonably developing and utilizing water resources.

The invention provides a method for monitoring hydrology and water quality of a river basin under influence of water projects based on Internet of Things. According to the method, various fixed and flowing sensors are additionally mounted so as to obtain real-time hydrology and water quality data of important water areas, in combination with a video technology, monitoring on a spot environment is achieved, the monitoring information is transmitted through the Internet of Things, intelligent prediction for hydrology and water quality of the river basin is carried out through a neural network, and finally, critical applications, such as current situation assessment, tendency estimation, implementation effect estimation and extreme event handling, are achieved through an expert system. The method provided by the invention can provide real-time, reliable and complete hydrology and water quality information for the river basin under influence of water projects, and can achieve cross-regional and multi-machine type integrated remote protection for the river basin.

Watershed hydrology analysis and management process and system with a network of weather stations and artificial drainage systems with artificial and natural reservoir management through locks and pumping stations. It evaluates potential hydrologic risk in each area and analyses the possible consequences of future precipitations using simulations. To make the simulation, it calculates hydrographs for each sub-basin, streams and rivers in the basin. It simulates the behavior of the basin under different scenarios corresponding to different types of management of the operation of locks and/or pumps and compares its results in terms of loss of flooded area, economic loss in each area, loss for flooding of urban areas, etc. Optimization of the simulation through artificial intelligence (AI, meta-heuristic algorithms, neural networks, etc.) allows it to act as a search engine to find better solutions and the best configuration of resource management that allows minimizing the socio-economic impact on each basin.

The method according to the invention allows the formation of oil and the retention phenomenon in the mother rock to be modelled. Organic matter characterization experiments are used to establish the molecular model (MM) of the initial sample (E). The thermal cracking reaction of this molecular model is reproduced by dynamic molecular simulation computations with a reactive force field (RMD) and validated by comparison with experimental data. The reaction mechanism obtained (SR) allows to carry out a kinetic study (C) by variation of the temperature parameter. The phase equilibria (PES) of the reaction medium are determined at any time from dynamic simulation. The successive phase equilibrium assessments at various progress stages of the cracking reaction allow following the physicochemical evolution (PC) of the thermal maturation of the organic sample studied. The free hydrocarbons (liquid and gaseous) that are not retained in the solid residue can be quantified throughout numerical modelling of the sample maturation; representing, in the sedimentary basins, the hydrocarbons that are not retained in the organic matrix of the mother rock (Q). This quantity can be used as an indicator or an input value for the retention threshold in basin models.

The invention provides a watershed hydrological model design method based on a storage capacity curve and a TOPMODEL, which comprises the following steps: calculating surface runoff yield; calculating subsurface runoff yield; calculating evapotranspiration; applying a water balance equation; establishing a convergence mechanism; generating isochrones; dynamically and visually expressing soil moisture; and coupling with a Noah land surface model (Noah LSM). The method has a high simulation deterministic coefficient, is advantageous over a semi-distributed model TOPMODEL, a Xinanjiang model and distributed hydrological models such as an engineering and science summer institute (ESSI) model, a hydrologic engineering center hydrologic modeling system (HEC-HMS) model and a soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model in the simulation of a daily runoff process and the simulation of a flood process, and overcomes the drawback that the conventional watershed hydrological model is usually inapplicable to hydrological process accurate simulation under large-scale, arid and semiarid conditions. The model of the invention can be successfully coupled with Noah LSM and improves the rainfall, soil moisture and runoff broadcasting capacity of a service weather research forecast mode, namely global/regional assimiliation prediction system (GRAPES)-mesoscale(MESO).

The invention provides a method for assimilating remote sensing data of soil humidity in a watershed scale. The method comprises the following steps of: improving a watershed runoff producing calculation module and developing a distributed hydrological model which is suitable for assimilating remote sensing soil humidity information and describes a soil hydrodynamic process; introducing a particle filtering sequence data assimilation method of information science, and continuously merging and assimilating new remote sensing observation data in a dynamic operation process of distributed hydrological process numerical simulation so as to acquire updated watershed soil humidity assimilated data during sequential assimilation; feeding the updated watershed soil humidity assimilated data back to a distributed hydrological model platform; and gradually estimating the time and space distribution pattern of watershed soil moisture content. Practices prove that by the method, not only high-precision and physically consistent watershed soil humidity data can be provided for research on hydrology, zoology, environment and agriculture, but also the foundation is laid for performing four-dimensional data assimilation processing on soil humidity data of an upper soil layer acquired by using remote sensing retrieval, and improving the precision of the model.

A wastewater treatment tank with influent gates (24) and pre-react zone with an outwardly flared lower portion. Influent passes over influent gates (24), which introduce turbulence, causing aeration, and reducing flow velocity. As influent flows out of the influent gate housing (20), flow velocity is further reduced by contact with the surface of the wastewater in the basin and influent flow is directed laterally by an influent gate bottom (30). A pre-react zone director (34) spaced apart from the bottom (42) of the basin encloses the influent gate housing (20) and utilizes an outwardly flared lower portion, or flap (38), to further reduce flow velocity and enhance laminar flow. This results in minimal disturbance of settled sludge blanket, allowing it to act as a natural biological filter, which in turn results in a superior supernatant.

The invention relates to a submerged line tracking method for flood evolution simulation in a complicated river channel landform area. The submerged line tracking method comprises four process of generating a digital river channel multi-resolution grid segmentation model; modeling and computing a simulation forecast model for a drainage area flood evolution state, wherein the process is operated in parallel with the process of generating the digital river channel multi-resolution grid segmentation model; accurately searching the submerging boundary of the complicated river channel landform; and dynamically identifying a drainage area flood evolution submerged area. The submerged line tracking method performs accurate searching on the submerging boundary of the complicated river channel landform through establishing the digital river channel multi-resolution grid segmentation model and the simulation forecast model, thereby realizing dynamic identification on the drainage area flood evolution submerged area, accurately simulating complicated river channels at various landforms, and quickly simulating a flood submerged area. Quick, accurate and visual forecast on time, water depths and flow and even flow velocity in flood evolution to different river segments are realized. A scientific basis is laid for disaster prevention and mitigation operation before flooding.

The invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring, also permanently and automatically, temperature distributions and/or temperature anomalies on the basis of distributed fiber-optic temperature sensing as well as to the use of such methods. According to the invention the detection of local temperature extremes, i.e. minimums or maximums, in view of the evaluation is performed by an evaluation without numeric derivations. With the device for monitoring ascending and supply pipes surrounded by an annular space it is possible to check the safety of pressurized installations, particularly in the field of low-pressure gas storage, in a cost-efficient manner. Moreover, the position of an underground watershed or respectively the direction and flow rate of the flows in flooded drift sections can be determined on the basis of fiber-optic temperature measurements. The defined arrangement of preferably vertical sensor cables inserted into the bores also makes it possible to examine the tightness of base sole and lateral walls in building excavations. Finally, the virtually horizontal, meander-shaped arrangement of fiber-optic cables situated in several levels makes it possible to evaluate and control the efficacy and homogeneity of leaching processes in leaching dumps and fills.

The invention relates to a direct power-spectral method-based all-weather long drainage basin water quality monitoring and early-warning system, belonging to the technical field of water quality monitoring. The system comprises a plurality of water quality monitoring devices, a cloud data processing platform and a remote monitoring platform; the water quality monitoring devices are placed at a shoreside of a water body, a water surface buoy or other water surface platforms according to needs, used for extracting water quality data of the long drainage basin, use a direct power-spectral method to acquire an absorption spectrum of a monitored water body and sends the monitored data and water quality information to the cloud data processing platform in a wireless transmission manner; the cloud data processing platform summarizes and analyzes the received data and stores into a database; the remote monitoring platform inquires and displays the data stored in the database and realizes the real-time monitoring and early-warning for an all-weather long drainage basin water quality environment. The system can realize the online measuring, real-time monitoring, emergent early-warning, drainage basin analyzing and water environment monitoring of all weathers of the water body in the drainage basin, thus reducing the loss caused by pollution to the water body and ensuring drinking water safety.

The invention discloses a water environment pre-warning and comprehensive management platform, and belongs to the technical field of water environment monitoring. The platform mainly comprises an information management module, a water environment analysis and evaluation module, a water environment pre-warning and forecasting module, a water environment comprehensive management module, a GIS systemmodule and a data monitoring module. According to the platform, information of each partition basin and information of surrounding pollution sources of each monitoring point are established, so thatpertinence for the key monitoring and precaution for the key areas and key elements with potential safety hazards is strengthened; and analysis, assessment and trend analysis are carried out on waterquality of the monitoring points, and a water quality pre-warning and forecasting model is constructed, so that monitors are helped to timely recognize water environment pollution areas and pollutionlevels, and deciders are helped to carry out correct judgement, timely processing and effective measure implementation when accidents occur, thereby strengthening the comprehensive management for water environment of offshore areas.

Computer-based systems and methods are disclosed for modeling and predicting flash flood risks for real estate properties. In some embodiments, the systems and methods can predict flash flood risks for real estate properties by considering a variety of factors, including watershed hydrology characteristics, land surface characteristics, meteorological characteristics, and/or property characteristics. In some embodiments, the systems and methods can improve determination of investment metrics or automated valuations by considering flash flood risks in determining the investment metrics or automated valuations.

A computer implemented method and system for conducting a geologic basin analysis in order to determine the accumulation of hydrocarbons in a subsurface region of interest. One embodiment of the present invention includes defining a basin analysis project within a subsurface region; applying at least one basin analysis workflow to the basin analysis project; and integrating the results of the basin analysis to generate basin analysis project results for the basin. The project results are used to optimize and manage the performance of technical tasks required for the basin analysis project in order to determine the accumulation of hydrocarbons in the subsurface region of interest.

A distributed hydrological simulation based drought assessment and forecasting model method includes steps of firstly, establishing a river basin space geological information base on the basis of a geological information system; secondly, establishing a distributed hydrological model based on a geomorphic grid unit by means of a GIS (geological information system) spatial analysis tool on the basis of the river basin space geological information base, utilizing meteorological data as input conditions of the model, applying the distributed hydrological model for distributed simulation of river basin process, and taking simulation results as various outputted hydrological feature information; thirdly, establishing a drought forecasting model on the basis of hydrologic budget according to the internal relation among various meteorological hydrological features, and utilizing PDSI (palmer drought severity index) as comprehensive balance index of drought severity. The drought forecasting model based on distributed hydrological simulation has advantages on aspects of displaying regional distribution features of the drought severity and evolution trend along with time and the like and can forecast and predict development and change of the drought severity by combining with meteorological information.

The invention discloses a hydrological model comprehensive uncertainty analysis method based on a Copula function. The method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting data information of a water basin; (2) establishing a hydrological model to simulate a water basin outlet section flow process; (3) determining a marginal probability distribution function of actually measured flow and simulation flow; (4) using the Copula function to construct an united probability distribution function of the actually measured flow and the simulation flow; (5) solving a condition probability distribution function of the actually measured flow while the simulation flow is given; (6) acquiring median of the actually measured flow and an uncertainty interval. Through the adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, the uncertainties of the model parameter and the model structure can be more comprehensively considered at the same time so as to obtain the comprehensive uncertainty of the hydrological model. The method disclosed by the invention is independent from a certainty hydrological model, and can be synergistically integrated with the certainty hydrological model with any complexity without adding any assumption on the model, and a universal theoretical frame is provided for the analysis of the comprehensive uncertainty of the hydrological model.

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration of water environment, and especially relates to a biological and ecological restoration system of eutrophic rivers and lakes. Ecological floating beds are laid along a bank, the water surface coverage rate of the floating beds is 15-20%, and each of the floating beds consists of a floating plate, planting baskets, a planting basket filler, floating bed plants, a nylon net, immobilized microorganism particles, a biological filler and artificial waterweeds. The planting baskets are placed in the planting basket holes of the floating plate, the planting basket filler is arranged in the planting baskets, the floating bed plants are planted in the planting basket filler, the nylon net suspends below the floating plate, the immobilized microorganism particles suspend between plant roots, the biological filler suspends below the nylon net, the artificial waterweeds are planted at the water bottom, and submerged plants are properly planted in a water area with two times in the transparency. The system has the advantages of simple and economic carrier, high strength, good durability, reliable planting, natural water ecological landscape, and engineering water quality improvement; and compared with systems in the prior art, the system focuses on the ecological restoration and construction of river and lake water, realizes the self purification, self regulation and self maintenance of pollutants in a certain concentration range, and is an effective way to improve the water quality without all-basin pollutant interception at the present stage.

The invention discloses a method for performing real-time regulation and control and digital management on a water environment, which belongs to the technical fields of water environment real-time simulation and management. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring data; establishing a monitoring database; identifying specific pollution areas and pollution sources by establishing a water environment model; and providing a control measure for the concentration and the total emission of point-source and non-point-source pollutants in the specific areas, so that the whole drainage basin can be guided to execute the best management plan, a system for performing real-time regulation and control and digital management on the water environment is established by combining with an informationization mode to regulate and control the water quality of the river in real time, systematic technique support can be provided for drainage basin 'source control and emission reduction', water environment comprehensive treatment and quantitative management, and the application prospect is wide.