1798 results about "Soil moisture content" patented technology

A self-adjusting irrigation controller takes a pre-irrigation soil moisture reading prior to irrigation, chooses an amount of water to be dispensed corresponding to that reading from a table, and dispenses that amount of water. A predetermined length of time after the end of irrigation, the controller takes a post-irrigation soil moisture reading and compares the value of that reading to a predetermined target value. If the post-irrigation value differs substantially from the target value, the water amount corresponding to the pre-irrigation value in the table is adjusted to reduce that difference on the next scheduled irrigation cycle having that same pre-irrigation soil moisture reading. The target value is determined by watering the soil to field capacity, then computing the target value as a function of the reading of the sensor at field capacity. The controller thus converges toward an ideal runtime and follows changes in the environment. In the preferred embodiment, the soil moisture is indicated by sensor voltages, and the amount of water dispensed is governed by the runtime of the irrigation system.

The invention discloses a system for predicting geologic hazard based on rainfall intensity, moisture content of slope soil and deformation. The system comprises an automatic rainfall gauge, a soil moisture sensor, an omnibearing tilt sensor, an omnibearing vision sensor, an embedded system and a monitoring center computer, wherein the automatic rainfall gauge is used for monitoring rainfall and rainfall intensity of a geologic hazard point; the soil moisture sensor is used for monitoring moisture in soil at the geologic hazard point; the omnibearing tilt sensor is used for detecting earth surface deformation and internal deformation of the geologic hazard point; the omnibearing vision sensor is used for evaluating geologic hazard scale; the embedded system is used for wirelessly transmitting video and monitoring data; and the monitoring center computer is used for predicting and forecasting the geologic hazard and comprises a communication module, a data receiving module, a rainfall and rainfall intensity-based geologic hazard prediction module, a slope displacement-time curve-based geologic hazard prediction module, a soil moisture, rainfall and rainfall intensity-based geologichazard prediction module and a soil moisture content and slope deformation-based geologic hazard prediction module. The system has the advantages of complete monitoring means, accurate prediction andforecast, high intelligence and on-line real time.

A controlled irrigation system can include a control device for determining whether to irrigate soil and at least one irrigation structure having an actuator for controlling water flow. The actuator can be communicably coupled to the control device for delivering water to irrigate a region. The controlled irrigation system further can include at least one time domain reflectometry sensor (“TDRS”) located in the soil and communicably coupled to the control device for measuring soil moisture where the control device determines whether to irrigate the soil based on data from the at least one TDRS. Additionally, a method for controlling an irrigation system can include providing multiple TDRS's having probes, distributing each TDRS at a different soil depth, measuring soil moisture content, and irrigating soil based on the measuring step.

The invention provides a method for assimilating remote sensing data of soil humidity in a watershed scale. The method comprises the following steps of: improving a watershed runoff producing calculation module and developing a distributed hydrological model which is suitable for assimilating remote sensing soil humidity information and describes a soil hydrodynamic process; introducing a particle filtering sequence data assimilation method of information science, and continuously merging and assimilating new remote sensing observation data in a dynamic operation process of distributed hydrological process numerical simulation so as to acquire updated watershed soil humidity assimilated data during sequential assimilation; feeding the updated watershed soil humidity assimilated data back to a distributed hydrological model platform; and gradually estimating the time and space distribution pattern of watershed soil moisture content. Practices prove that by the method, not only high-precision and physically consistent watershed soil humidity data can be provided for research on hydrology, zoology, environment and agriculture, but also the foundation is laid for performing four-dimensional data assimilation processing on soil humidity data of an upper soil layer acquired by using remote sensing retrieval, and improving the precision of the model.

A soil parameter measurement arrangement includes a capacitive based soil moisture and salinity sensor, a predetermined moisture migration medium located in a volume adjacent said sensor so that the medium substantially occupies the field of influence of said sensor. The medium is in moisture communication with the soil to be measured, and said sensor is adapted to measure and produce data representative of the volumetric water content of said medium. A sensor data processing means determines both the soil moisture and salinity of said medium. By using the measured volumetric soil moisture content and the moisture release curve of the medium, it is possible to derive the matric potential of the soil. The measured salinity of the medium corresponds to the salinity of the soil that is in moisture communication with the medium.

The invention discloses a crop growth information monitoring system and method based on internet of things. The system comprises an information perception system, a wireless transmission system and anintelligent management system, wherein the information perception system includes a soil moisture content monitoring module, a plant disease and insect pest monitoring module, a crop nutrition statemonitoring module, a weed monitoring module and a crop condition monitoring module. After crop planting, relevant information and threshold values of a crop growth environment are set through an intelligent management system interface, the soil moisture content, diseases and insect pests, nutritional status, weed growth and growth vigor information of growing crops are acquired through the perception system in real time and are sent to a server for data storage, analysis and display, if the information exceed threshold values, workers are remind of corresponding processing, plants are helped to accurately judge the crop growth conditions, real-time effective decision information is provided for accurate operation, the problem is solved that the crop growth conditions in planting field pieces need to be checked regularly in traditional planting process and accordingly the labor intensity is high, the labor cost is reduced, and the operating efficiency and accuracy are improved.

A system monitors growth characteristics of a plant having a root buried in a prescribed volume of ground using a plurality of electrodes inserted into the ground at a known spacing relative to one another in proximity to the root or root-like structure. When electrical current is applied to some of the electrodes, electrical potential is measured at other ones of the electrodes to construct a representation of electrical impedance across the prescribed volume locating the root or root-like structure. Growth characteristics of the soil and the plant, for example root size, root shape, soil moisture content, and the like, can be identified by locating variations of the electrical impedance.

The invention relates to a geometric structure of a workpiece of a vehicular sensor used for measuring soil moisture and compactness, in particular to a conical soil-engaging component with an abrasion-resistant geometric structural surface. The component consists of a substrate and bionic geometric structure units distributed on the surface of the substrate and is characterized in that: the bionic geometric structure units comprise a convex hull type, a concave pit type, an annular convex rib type, an annular concave rib type, a spiral convex hull type, a spiral concave pit type, a spiral convex rib type and a spiral concave rib type. The component aims to solve the problem of the abrasion of a conical head of a sensor when the soil moisture and the compactness are measured. The bionic geometric structure units and the substrate are of an integrated structure. The component is made of 1Cr18Ni9Ti, Cr15 or Si60Mn2.

The invention discloses a land surface soil moisture downscaling method based on multisource remote sensing satellite merged data and is particularly applicable to cloudy and rainy areas. The method comprises the following steps: collecting and arranging a passive microwave soil moisture data set, an LST (land surface temperature) and NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) data set and DEM(digital elevation model) data; performing spatial interpolation on LST images with serious pixel deletion affected by cloud and rain by adopting an NDVI and DEM data set as auxiliary data to obtain aday-by-day LST data set almost totally covering a research area; constructing a mathematic relation model for microwave soil moisture with optical remote sensing LST and NDVI by a geographical weighted regression model, and obtaining a land surface soil moisture data set with high spatial resolution with the mathematic relation model. Through the adoption of the method, reliability of a descalingresult and universality of descaling in the wide-range research area are improved effectively, and precision and efficiency of wide-range space mapping and monitoring for soil moisture content in thecloudy and rainy areas are improved.

The invention discloses an irrigation control method and system based on crop root zone soil moisture and root distribution. The method comprises the steps that parameters are set, soil water content in each soil layer of a root zone is monitored, root zone weighted average soil water content is computed according to relative root length density distribution, a crop water stress index (CWSI) is computed, when the CWSI computed value is larger than a preset CWSI critical value, irrigation is started; theoretical irrigation amount can also be computed according to planned moisture layer soil water content, and when practical irrigation amount reaches the theoretical irrigation amount, irrigation is stopped. According to the irrigation control method and system, the water stress degree of crops can be accurately and conveniently estimated, the fact that the root zone soil moisture distribution conditions and the crop moisture conditions are considered during irrigation is controlled according to the water stress degree, and an effective tool is provided for realizing of the purposes of water saving and production increasing.

A method for determining field readiness using moisture modeling of a plurality of fields in a region of interest includes (a) generating a detailed set of moisture factors covering a plurality of scenarios for each field element of the plurality of field elements for a particular field; (b) repeating act (a) for each field of the region of interest; (c) generating a general set of moisture factors for a particular field of the plurality of fields to be applied to each field element of the plurality of field elements in the particular field; (d) repeating act (c) for each field of the plurality of fields in the region of interest; and (e) estimating soil moisture for each field element in the region of interest based on the detailed set of moisture factors and the general set of moisture factors.

The invention relates to a degraded wetland vegetation in-situ recovery method, which is characterized in that according to the method, a seed bank resource remained in selected degraded wetland soil is utilized for carrying out vegetation in-situ recovery. The method comprises the following steps that 1) a soil seed bank is surveyed, and whether the degraded wetland has the vegetation in-situ recovery conditions or not and the plant types with the advantages in the soil seed bank are determined; 2) the water supplementation is carried out on regions meeting the vegetation in-situ recovery conditions in the first step, and in addition, the ground surface water level and the soil moisture content are controlled; 3) the ground surface vegetation after the degraded wetland vegetation in-situ recovery in the second step is surveyed; and 4) the successfully recovered soil seed bank is surveyed to confirm the recovery completion. The method has the advantages that the self remained soil seed bank resource is sufficiently utilized, the operation is easy, the maintenance cost is low, the vegetation recovery is fast, the species diversity is high, and the popularization and the application are easy.

The invention discloses a simulation test system integrating the start, movement and accumulation of debris flow, including an instrument table, a water supply system, a control center, a pipeline and a water distribution system, a receiving line, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a water guide pipe, and a raindrop simulation system. Sprinklers, rain sensors, source tanks, porometers, matrix suction probes, soil moisture probes, flow tanks, flow rate test devices, impact test devices, stacking plates, tailing tanks, lifting systems and digital acquisition systems. The invention can combine the two types of mud-rock flow caused by rainfall and water erosion for research, and simulate the real rainfall process; it can effectively monitor the key parameters in the mud-rock flow experiment process, and simulate the whole process of mud-rock flow initiation, migration and accumulation.

The invention discloses a data assimilation method for monitoring soil moisture. The method provided by the invention at least comprises an assimilation cycle, and each assimilation cycle comprises the following steps: (1) an ecological process model serves as a dynamic model to stimulate the space distribution state of soil moisture every day, the initial value in the dynamic model is an initial parameter and an initial soil moisture data, and the dynamic model is operated to output simulative soil moisture data; remotely sensed data on the soil surface is performed with inversion to obtain surface layer soil moisture data; the simulative soil moisture data in the remotely sensed data corresponding date is combined with the surface layer soil moisture data obtained by remotely sensed data inversion for data assimilation so as to obtain an optimized ecological process model parameter; (2) the optimized parameter is substituted into the dynamic model in step (1) to operate the dynamic model so as to obtain simulative soil moisture data every day. The method provided by the invention can connect soil moisture variety with vegetable physiological response mechanism by water deficit and stress, which improves the precision of field soil moisture monitoring and drought evaluation and has important application prospect.

A soil moisture wireless measuring device comprises two parts, namely a wireless sensing device and a wireless setting device which is connected with the wireless sensing device and is used for detection operation. The wireless sensing device which is used to measure soil water content, soil temperature and soil compactness comprises an impedance converter, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, an information acquisition device, a second wireless communication module and a CPU processor. The wireless setting device which is designed as a hand held type instrument comprises a central controller, and a keyboard input module, a display module, a memory module and a first wireless communication module respectively connected with the central controller. The impedance converter consists of three parts, namely a signal source, a transmission line and a probe. The soil moisture wireless measuring device provided by the invention has the advantages that: the device is capable of measuring the soil temperature, soil compactness and soil water content simultaneously; the device has the performances of high bandwidth, high linearity and low power consumption; the device facilitates the realization of the real-time detection of field soil water content with brief design, simple operation and portability.

The invention relates to a sensor control device and belongs to the field of soil moisture measuring and automatic monitoring. In order to realize site unmanned operation and automatic acquisition and transmission of fully-automatic soil profile moisture data, a soil moisture monitoring device provided by the invention comprises a control device, a sensor moving device and a control system, wherein the sensor moving device is used for driving a sensor which is connected with the sensor moving device to vertically move upwards; and the control system is connected with the sensor moving device and used for controlling the sensor moving device to automatically act in a preset method. Besides, the invention also provides a soil moisture monitoring device which comprises the control device. The soil moisture monitoring device provided by the invention has extreme application benefit for field soil monitoring, particularly under the influences of severe environment and weather, and still can successfully finish data acquisition without manual site operation.

The invention relates to a method for determining the sandy soil moisture content based on a low-frequency ground penetrating radar ground method, which comprises the determining steps of: collecting ground penetrating radar data by utilizing a together-midpoint method to ensure the travel time of airwaves and ground waves; collecting the radar wave information of a soil section by utilizing a constant spacing method; calculating the dielectric constant of soil; substituting parameters to a formula to obtain the dielectric constant of soil; calculating the water content of soil; substituting the obtained soil dielectric constant epsilon to the formula theta=-5. 3*102+2.92*10-2epsilon-5.5*10-4epsilon2+4.3*10-6epsilon3 to obtain the soil water content. The method for determining the sandy soil moisture content based on a low-frequency ground penetrating radar ground method is suitable to the measurement of the soil water content in farmlands and small river basins, has the advantages of convenience, quick operation, high accuracy and no destruction and is especially suitable to the water content determination of sandy soil.

A device for irrigating soil has a chassis having wheels or tracks for motion, the chassis having one or more water sprinklers with streams directed at the soil, a water storage tank, and a sloped catchment surface having one or more sloped planes or curved surfaces for receiving water from a refill station into the water storage tank, wherein, under the control of an electronic circuit, the irrigation device can refill the water tank by positioning any part of the catchment surface under a water stream from the refill station. A method has the steps of measuring soil moisture at remote locations, refilling the mobile robot using a gravity feed water stream, defining a route for distribution of water, traversing the irrigation routes, refilling water according to soil moisture measurements, storing photovoltaic energy in a battery, and rotating, to a compass heading such that the photovoltaic array is optimally oriented.

The invention provides a winter wheat water consumption predicting method based on weather forecast information. With comprehensive consideration of influences of the crop self-growth-and-development situation and the environment factors including the meteorological condition, the soil condition and the like, a prediction model for estimating the reference crop water requirement (ET0) based on the weather forecast information and a model for estimating a winter wheat crop coefficient based on accumulative temperature are established through field trials and numerical simulation, the prediction model and the model for estimating the winter wheat crop coefficient are coupled into a water balance equation, real-time prediction is conducted on the soil moisture content of winter wheat in a Guangli irrigated area and a people victory canal irrigated area, and irrigation date and irrigating water quota are determined according to irrigating index of different growth periods of the winter wheat so that real-time monitoring of the soil moisture content, drought severity comprehensive analysis and real-time prediction of crop irrigation are achieved. The visual decision basis is provided for an irrigation management layer and a decision maker, timely and appropriate amount of irrigation is instructed for the irrigated areas, and the utilization rate and utilization efficiency of an irrigation water resource of the irrigated areas are improved.

The invention discloses a precision drip irrigation measuring and controlling system based on a wireless sensor network. The system comprises a plurality of soil moisture statue monitoring nodes arranged within field monitoring ranges; each soil moisture statue monitoring node comprises a plurality of soil moisture content sensors buried in different underground depths and a soil moisture statue signal processing module; the soil moisture statue signal processing module is used for sending control information to next precision drip irrigation control nodes through a ZigBee wireless communication unit; and each precision drip irrigation control node comprises a ZigBee low-power-consumption and short-range wireless communication module, a singlechip and a control execution unit. By the system, three-dimensional monitoring on soil moisture content of underground plant roots in the different depths can be realized, and the measuring and the controlling on precision drip irrigation can be realized without the support of fixed networks. The system has the characteristics of rapid development, strong destruction resistance and the like, is convenient to install and maintain, and is particularly applicable to rural areas with poor signal converge. Moreover, the communication cost is lower when the system is used in a large scale.

The invention relates to a multi-layer soil water fertilizer migration and transformation parameters testing device and a method, which comprises steps: (a) cylindrical organic glass inner and outer columns and layered soil columns are made, plum blossom-shaped holes are distributed on a specify height in organic glass, and soil columns are packed by cylindrical organic glass inner columns, and are divided into plough layers, plowing layers and bottom soil layers; (b) soil water potential sensors, negative pressure water-taking samplers and soil water content measurement instruments are respectively embedded in various soil layers; (c) soil water generates lateral seepage water which is discharged into ring-shaped regions between the cylindrical organic glass inner and outer columns through the plum blossom-shaped holes at the same time during the infiltration process, and is extracted into an external device to assay and analyze. The multi-layer soil water fertilizer migration and transformation parameters testing device and the method are used to explore layered soil water fertilizer infiltration and lateral seepage and transformation process thereof, determines drainage contribution rate of vertical seepage and lateral seepage of the layered soil in various conditions, can be provided with different underground water levels, and develops translocation and transformation of soil water fertilizer on various layers and mutual replenishment relationship of soil water and underground water.

The invention provides a best water-saving irrigation method by wireless soil moisture monitoring. In the invention, a central control unit is arranged, and a wireless monitoring terminal and a wireless execution terminal are arranged in an irrigation field to perform network communication with the central control unit. The wireless monitoring terminal is provided with a soil moisture sensor and a soil nutrition sensor, wherein the sensors transmit data of current soil humidity and nutrition to the central control unit; the central control unit transmits a water-supplying and nutrition-adding command to the wireless execution terminal according to the current soil condition; and the wireless execution terminal determines the water supply amount and supplies water according to the command. The whole process is performed automatically, so the method saves mass labor force, especially saving mass water resources.

An automatic determining device of water and solute translocation parameter in soil is prepared as connecting computer control unit separately to pressure transducer, three ¿C way solenoid valve, probe and solution collector to control automatic switch ¿C over of water and solute supply and to automatically collect liquid signal in said collector for obtaining conductivity and permeating amount of soil sample at different position in different soil horizontal column, then calculating out soil humid front, solute frontal surface position and permeating amount variation according to obtained data automatically.

The invention discloses an irrigation control method and system for saline-alkali soil. The irrigation control method includes the following steps that parameters are set, soil water content of all soil layers of a root zone is monitored, root zone weighting average soil water content and root zone weighting average soil water percolation are calculated based on relative root length density distribution, and CWSI is calculated; when a CWSI calculation value is larger than a preset CWSI critical value, irrigation is started; the theoretical irrigation amount is calculated according to soil water content distribution in a planned moisture layer. When the practical irrigation amount reaches the theoretical irrigation amount, irrigation is stopped. According to the irrigation control method and system for saline-alkali soil, influences on transpiration and growth of crops by soil water content, salinity and root distribution are comprehensively considered, the water stress degree of the crops on the saline-alkali soil are estimated more accurately and more conveniently and an effective tool is provided for achieving the purposes of saving agricultural water and boosting the yield of the saline-alkali soil.

A system for stabilizing moisture content of soil around and beneath the foundation of a building. The system includes a source of pressurized water; one or more conduits buried in the soil around the building foundation, at least a portion of soil conduit being pervious to water, allowing water therein to enter said soil; and a remotely operated valve connecting the source of water to the conduits to permit or prevent flow of water, respectively, from the source of water to the conduits. A controller is operatively connected to the remotely operated valve for transmitting signals to the valve for opening and closing thereof in a predetermined time cycle. At least one soil moisture sensitive device is operatively connected to the controller and / or the valve for interrupting signals transmitted to the valve, to prevent opening of the valve when the moisture content of the soil exceeds a predetermined amount.

The invention provides an intelligent device and a method for irrigation rapid diagnosis. The irrigation rapid diagnosis method comprises: obtaining soil moisture data, obtaining weather data of the land on the day and in a forecast period, obtaining information of crops, and types of soil; according to the information of crops, the soil moisture data, the types of soil, and weather data, calculating irrigation lower limit rate of the crops and root zone average moisture content in each forecast day in the forecast period, analyzing and comparing the root zone average moisture content and the irrigation lower limit rate, to generate an irrigation suggestion; and showing the irrigation suggestion. Compared with an existing irrigation rapid diagnosis device, the provided diagnosis method is aimed at conditions of different crops in different regions, and gives comprehensive consideration to weather factors and actual water consumption characteristics, and provides relatively scientific and rational irrigation suggestion, so as to overcome defects of irrigating by manual experience to a certain extent.

The invention relates to a real-time irrigation forecasting system and method based on regional soil moisture status monitoring and remote sensing data. The irrigation forecasting system comprises a remote sensing information soil moisture status inversion module, a regional soil moisture status real-time monitoring module and a regional real-time irrigation forecasting module. The remote sensing information soil moisture status inversion module transmits a determined regional soil moisture status spatial distribution coefficient to the regional real-time irrigation forecasting module; the regional soil moisture status real-time monitoring module transmits a regional real-time soil moisture status monitoring result to the regional real-time irrigation forecasting module; the regional real-time irrigation forecasting module selects a pixel corresponding to the soil moisture content or a soil moisture status monitoring point, fitting is carried out on the pixel and an actually measured value, a coefficient of distribution from a point scale to a regional scale is obtained, the coefficient and the soil water content or soil moisture status data monitored in real time are combined to simulate a regional scale soil water content or soil moisture status real-time spatial distribution map, and real-time forecasting of a regional irrigation situation is finished. The real-time irrigation forecasting system and method can be widely applied to the fields of irrigated area irrigation decision making and managing, regional drought monitoring and the like.

The invention discloses a remote agricultural information intelligent analysis system and an agricultural environment regulation and control method. In the invention, a wireless network is deployed in the space related to agriculture production first and then all kinds of agricultural information including illumination information, air temperature information, humidity information, soil moisture content information, soil temperature information and the like required in the agricultural production are transmitted through the network; and the data of the collected information is sent to a data center through internet connection to realize the intelligent analysis of the agricultural information, and agricultural equipment is remotely operated according an expert database or self-defined regulation and control rules to realize remote management of the agriculture production. In the invention, a centrally managed agricultural analysis system scheme is established on the basis of public networks including the Internet, the 3G mobile network and the like, so that the public networks are effectively used to provide agriculture production personnel with a remote agricultural information collection and operation function, the efficiency of the agricultural production is improved and the labor intensity of the management is reduced.

A remote system for accurate irrigation and fertilization is characterized by comprising a field environment monitoring system an irrigation subsystem and a remote monitoring system, wherein the field environment monitoring system and the irrigation subsystem are connected to the remote monitoring system by a bus; the field environment monitoring system can set working parameters of the field subsystem and monitor working states and can send information to the remote monitoring system; the remote monitoring system sends out a standard value of a soil moisture content needed by current plant growth as well as instruction information adapted to a current plant growth period according to data information such as the plant growth period, the soil moisture content and an EC value of a current irrigation area obtained by the environment monitoring system; and the information is sent to the irrigation subsystem via wireless communication.