1244 results about "Percolation" patented technology

The present invention includes a composition having a co-continuous interconnecting channel morphology. These co-continuous interconnecting channels are predominately occupied with a polymer and particles that control the percolation through the composition. The particles are composed of a material such as an absorbing agent, releasing agent and / or activation agent. The polymer composition may be used to form a desired shaped article such as plug type inserts and liners for closed containers, or it may be formed into a film, sheet, bead or pellet.

Methods and apparatus for a new approach to the problem of finding communities in complex networks relating to a social definition of communities and percolation are disclosed. Instead of partitioning the graph into separate subgraphs from top to bottom a local algorithm (communities of each vertex) allows overlapping of communities. The performance of an algorithm on synthetic, randomly-generated graphs and real-world networks is used to benchmark this method against others. An heuristic is provided to generate a list of communities for networks using a local community finding algorithm. Unlike diffusion based algorithms, The provided algorithm finds overlapping communities and provides a means to measure confidence in community structure. It features locality and low complexity for exploring the communities for a subset of network nodes, without the need for exploring the whole graph.

A cartridge for extracting a beverage from a particulate substance contained therein by means of water under pressure, the cartridge comprising: a main body comprising a cup portion and a lid portion, the cup portion comprising a base, a sidewall and a rim opposed to the base, the lid portion being fixedly attached to the rim of the cup portion so as to define an internal volume of the cartridge, the internal volume of the cartridge housing the particulate substance comprised within filtering means for retaining the particulate substance and for percolating fluid substances therethrough, the lid portion comprising a lid port defining a first passage for percolation fluid substances, the base of the cup portion comprising a cup port defining a second passage for percolation fluid substances, wherein the base comprises a plurality of ridges directly formed thereon and protruding towards the internal volume of the cartridge, so as to support the filtering means and the particulate substance and to define a fine canalization between the filtering means and the cup port.

A cartridge, particularly for espresso coffee machines, for extracting a beverage from a particulate substance contained therein by means of water under pressure is provided. The cartridge comprises a main body with a cup portion and a lid portion. The cup portion comprises a base, a sidewall and a rim opposed to the base, while the lid portion is fixedly attached to the rim of the cup portion so as to define an internal volume of the cartridge. The internal volume of the cartridge houses the particulate substance comprised within filtering means for retaining the particulate substance and for percolating fluid substances therethrough. The lid portion comprises a normally closed lid port defining a first passage for percolation fluid substances when it is opened. The cartridge further comprises a tappet arranged inside the internal volume so as to pierce the base when a pressure is applied to the base towards the internal volume, thus opening a normally closed cup port.

A heat exchanger system suitable for facilitating the economical cooling of hot fluids in the vicinity of a body of water. The preferred embodiment of the present invention contemplates a vertical, or combination vertical and horizontal thermosyphonic, passive, heat exchanger column situated in a body of water and enveloped by a caisson or the like, and configured to facilitate, through percolation, enhanced circulation of seawater therethrough and effecting significant cooling of a hot, hydrocarbon well stream, or other hot fluid in the vicinity of a body of water. A vertically situated bundle of tubes forms the heat exchanger, which may include a system of staggered baffles to direct the flow of cooling seawater to effect even temperature distribution throughout the tube bundle. The present system further teaches a system for cooling high pressure, hot fluids as may be found in a deep hydrocarbon reserve offshore, utilizing a the vertical heat exchange column of the present invention. Upon passing through the system, a gaseous fluid stream, significantly cooled, should experience a commensurate pressure reduction and allow the use of conventional pipeline materials. The present system dispenses with the necessity of providing expensive, pro-active cooling, generally expending significant fuel, or the necessity of constructing an expensive, high pressure, non-corrosive pipeline of, for example, titanium or the like.

Single-dose capsule comprising a sealed moulded-plastic casing (10) having an end wall (16) provided with orifices (24) and a bottom sealing foil (17). A chamber (30) is formed between the said foil (17) and the bottom surface (18) of the perforated end wall (16) and is filled with the beverage percolated through the said orifices (24) before it is discharged directly towards an underlying container through the spout created at the moment of opening or tearing of the said bottom foil (17), immediately before the start of percolation.USE: preparation of a percolated of the beverage.ADVANTAGES: high quality of the beverage.

Fractal computers are neural network architectures that exploit the characteristics of fractal attractors to perform general computation. This disclosure explains neural network implementations for each of the critical components of computation: composition, minimalization, and recursion. It then describes the creation of fractal attractors within these implementations by means of selective amplification or inhibition of input signals, and it describes how to estimate critical parameters for each implementation by using results from studies of fractal percolation. These implementation provide standardizable implicit alternatives to traditional neural network designs. Consequently, fractal computers permit the exploitation of alternative technologies for computation based on dynamic systems with underlying fractal attractors.

A cartridge for extracting a beverage from a particulate substance contained therein by means of water under pressure, the cartridge comprising: a main body comprising a cup portion and a lid portion, the cup portion comprising a base, a sidewall and a rim opposed to the base, the lid portion being fixedly attached to the rim of the cup portion so as to define an internal volume of the cartridge, the internal volume of the cartridge housing the particulate substance comprised within filtering means for retaining the particulate substance and for percolating fluid substances therethrough, the lid portion comprising a lid port defining a first passage for percolation fluid substances, the base of the cup portion comprising a cup port defining a second passage for percolation fluid substances, wherein the base comprises a plurality of ridges directly formed thereon and protruding towards the internal volume of the cartridge, so as to support the filtering means and the particulate substance and to define a fine canalization between the filtering means and the cup port.

The invention discloses a simulation regulation and control system and method of the percolation performance of an aeration zone of a river or a lake and relates to the technical field of research on water and soil resources and environmental engineering. The system comprises a seepage control device, an aeration zone simulation device, an underground water level regulation and control device anda data monitoring system, wherein the seepage control device comprises a seepage control column and a regulation column; the upper layer of the regulation column is connected with the seepage controlcolumn through a flange plate, and the lower layer of the regulation column is connected with the aeration zone simulation device through a water supply pipeline and a peristaltic pump; the aeration zone simulation device comprises a plurality of soil columns connected in series, and the underground water level regulation and control device comprises an underground water supply Markov bottle and an underground water balancing device which are connected through an underground water supplementing pipeline, and the underground water balancing device is connected with the aeration zone simulationdevice through the underground water supplementing pipeline. By adopting the system and the method, the hierarchical accurate simulation of a layered soil structure is realized, the accurate monitoring of the percolation performance of the aeration zone of the river or the lake is realized, and the simulation precision of the different types of layered soil is greatly improved.

The present invention provides a method for calculating a dynamic reserve of a dense oil fractured horizontal well, and relates to the technical field of dense oil fractured horizontal wells. The method comprises: dividing a dense oil fractured horizontal well into a first percolation region and a second percolation region; dividing a production process of the dense oil fractured horizontal well into a first stage and a second stage; calculating a first average formation pressure of the first percolation at each time in the first stage, and calculating a second average formation pressure of the first percolation region and a third average formation pressure of the second percolation region at each time in the second stage; according to a pre-established mass balance equation, determining a dynamic reserve of the first percolation region in the first stage as a dynamic reserve of the dense oil fractured horizontal well of the first stage; and according to the pre-established mass balance equation, determining a dynamic reserve of the first percolation region and a dynamic reserve of the second percolation region in the second stage, and determining a sum of the dynamic reserve of the first percolation region and the dynamic reserve of the second percolation region to be a dynamic reserve of the dense oil fractured horizontal well in the second stage.

The invention discloses an environment protective acid leaching-extraction process for the waste lithium battery recovery, lithium cobaltate and carbon power material can be obtained by splitting waste lithium electrically, a multi-section contra-flow acid leaching can be performed in sulphuric acid / oxydol mixed solution, two to four sections can be in counter current percolation extraction, the pH value of the leach solution is 2 to 6, and extracting process can be promoted by the leach liquor; after sulphuric acid / oxydol and washing water are dropped into the raffinade, back to acid leaching section; the raffinade can be used circularly, after lithium is concentrated to 2 to 10g / L in the raffinade, deposit lithium, then the waste water can be discharged and processed. The multi-section counter current percolation extraction is adopted by the invention, thus the pH value of the raffinade meets the requirement of the P507 extraction exactly, one hand, the consumption of alkali is reduced, on the other hand, the raffinade can be used circularly after extraction, water consumption in the process can be saved, and 5 to 15 times of discharge amount of the waste water can be reduced.

This invention discloses a compound antibacterial silk nanometer fibrous material, accounting for weight its component proportion are: Sericin protein 58-90%; chitosan or chitin 0-40%, antibacterial agent 0-5%, electric conduction 1-4%,crossing linking 1-4%. Its process is: dissolve the pure sericin protein, antibiotics separately in polar solvent, join electric conduction medicinal preparation and crosslinking agent, using the static electricity spinning technique, making the average aperture for 0.5-5.0 micron, factor of porosity 60-90%, the mean diameter is 40-100nm and the material is nanometer textile fiber adhesive-bonded membrane. This invention has good organization compatibility with human body, Antibiotics and sericin insoluble is in homogeneous solvent, massive holes among the nanometer textile fiber adhesive-bonded membrane, which has outstanding aqueous percolation permeability, antibacterial agent distributes evenly in the nanometer textile fiber, and the medicine release effect is perfect, so it can be a kind of ideal resist bacteria injured medical material.

The invention relates to a device and method for testing expanding and percolation characteristics of microfractures of a compact reservoir, belonging to the technical field of oil-gas field development. The device comprises a triaxial rock core holding device, a microfracture expanding pressure system, a microfracture detection system, a percolation displacement system and a percolation data collection system. The method comprises the following steps: (1) applying an axial pressure to a rock core in the triaxial rock core holding device so as to expand microfractures; (2) monitoring development and evolution characteristics of the microfractures of the rock core by virtue of an ultrasonic fault detector, and monitoring deformation characteristics of the rock core by virtue of a stress-strain detection instrument; and (3) testing percolation characteristics of fluid under different microfracture development conditions of the rock core by virtue of a percolation displacement device. The device and the method disclosed by the invention have the beneficial effects that a measurement result is accurate, the assembling is convenient, the operation is simple, the percolation characteristics of oil, gas and water in the microfractures of the compact reservoir can be tested, and the necessary technical support can be provided for fracture development of the compact reservoir.

Hybrid transparent conducting materials are disclosed with combine a polycrystalline film and conductive nanostructures, in which the polycrystalline film is “percolation doped” with the conductive nanostructures. The polycrystalline film preferably is a single atomic layer thickness of polycrystalline graphene, and conductive nanostructures preferably are silver nanowires.

The invention relates to a visual simulation shale micro-crack plugging capacity test system and a visual simulation shale micro-crack plugging capacity test method. Displacement evaluation experiment is performed on a single or combined micro-crack rock sample by a solution or a drilling fluid which contains the plugging agents with different concentrations and different types at different experiment conditions, such as pressure differences and times, indexes, such as the invasion depth, are compared, the formation conditions of inner mud cakes in drilling are directly described, and microscopic observation and analysis are performed on percolation substances invade into the micro-cracks by utilizing amplification imaging instruments, such as a high-definition microscope, so that the plugging mechanisms and the effects of various drilling fluid plugging agents and drilling fluids are analyzed and researched intuitively and microscopically, a proper drilling fluid plugging agent is selected preferably, a drilling fluid system formula is optimized, the problem about the experimental conditions that the visual simulation evaluation cannot be performed on shale micro-crack plugging in the past is solved, and a new evaluation experimental research means is provided for related research and production in the technical field of fractured shale strata borehole wall stability in petroleum engineering.

An efficient percolation aggregation solver methodology captures media connectivity and continuity to reliably incorporate relevant flow solution trends in subterranean formation models. The approach allows introduction of meaningful physical information that is generally overlooked by state-of-the-art algebraic algorithms in the solution process. Percolation aggregation extends the efficiency and robustness of solution methods used to solve scientific and engineering problems.

A method for electrically coupling a pad and a front face of a pillar, including shaping the front face pillar, the front face having at least partially a convex surface, applying a suspension to the front face or to the pad, wherein the suspension includes a carrier fluid, electrically conducting microparticles and electrically conducting nanoparticles, arranging the front face of the pillar opposite to the pad at a distance such that the carrier fluid bridges at least partially a gap between the front face of the pillar and the pad, evaporating the carrier fluid thereby confining the microparticles and the nanoparticles, and thereby arranging the nanoparticles and the microparticles as percolation paths between the front face of the pillar and the pad, and sintering the arranged nanoparticles for forming metallic bonds at least between the nanoparticles and / or between the nanoparticles and the front face of the pillar or the pad.

A multi-sensor as disclosed herein can include a substrate and at least three sensing elements disposed on the substrate. Each sensing element includes two electrodes separated by a distance and a nanowire mat adjacent to and in contact with the electrodes. The nanowire mats include nanowires which define a percolation network. The density of the nanowires in the nanowire mat of one sensing element is different than the density of the nanowires in the nanowire mat of either of the other at least two sensing elements.

The invention relates to a visualized microscopic model of a real core and a manufacturing method of the visualized microscopic model of the real core. The model comprises a real core sheet, an organic glass cover plate, an organic glass slide and a needle and is formed via the pressure at high temperatures; the real core sheet is milled to be visualized and is then clamped between two pieces of the organic glass; the needle is firstly fixed well, and the organic glass cover plate is then arranged; at a high temperature and at a high pressure, the organic glass is softened to be adhered more tightly with the core sheet; and the model is formed by cooling. According to the visualized microscopic model and the manufacturing method provided by the invention, the physico-chemical properties of the real core are kept, and the distribution and flowing condition of the multi-phase fluid in the porous medium pores are observed, so that the visualized microscopic model and the manufacturing method play an important role in studying the percolation mechanism and enhancing the yield of the polymer microspheres.

An apparatus for producing high density slurry and paste backfills for use, for example, in mining operations. The high density slurry or paste is produced from a mill tailings mixture in a silo which includes a percolation and decant apparatuses for percolating water out of the mill tailings mixture and for decanting clarified water from atop the settled tailings. While settling occurs, air is introduced from the bottom of the silo to agitate the mixture to ensure substantially homogeneous settlement of the solids. Once settled, the resultant high density slurry or paste is fluidized by air in order to give the paste more readily flowable characteristics.

A high quality non-single-crystal silicon alloy material including regions of intermediate range order (IRO) silicon alloy material up to but not including the volume percentage required to form a percolation path within the material. The remainder of the material being either amorphous or a mixture of amorphous and microcrystalline materials. The materials were prepared by CVD using differing amounts of hydrogen dilution to produce materials containing differing amounts of IRO material. Preferably the material includes at least 8 volume percent of IRO material.

The invention provides a microlayer coextrusion device to prepare layered polymer-based conducting composite material with insulating layers and conducting layers, which are interlaced. The insulating layer granules and the conducting layer granules are fed into two extruders of the microlayer coextrusion device for fusion and plastification. Two streams of fusant are superposed into two layers at the position of a convergence unit. After the fusant is cut and superposed by n separation and superposition units, the composite material of 2<N+1> layers is got. The conductibility of the material has anisotropy. The proportion of the number of the layers to the thickness of the conducting layers and the insulating layers is determined by the number of the separation and superposition units and the speed ratio of the extruders. Accordingly, the percolation value and the resistivity of the conducting material are designable. Compared with the traditional method of preparation, the polymer conduction composite material prepared by the invention has the characteristics of low percolation value, low resistivity, and high breaking extensibility. The equipment provided by the invention is simple and available. The required raw materials are sold in the market without synthetizing other chemicals. The equipment is operated simply; the manufacturing cost is low; the efficiency is high.

A bottle top regulator / aerator for controlling the flow from a bottle having a narrow cylindrical opening through which wine or similar liquid may be poured. The dispensing apparatus includes, in combination, an air inductor, a regulating cartridge having a percolation labyrinth, and an anti-drip trough integrated within a housing. The application of this apparatus provides for both the rapid aeration of the wine, as well as a uniform flow rate absent the hazard of post-pouring droplets.

The invention relates to an on-line testing device for high temperature and high pressure rock physical property and percolation mechanism nuclear magnetic resonance. The on-line testing device comprises a nuclear magnetic resonance on-line testing module, a rock fluid displacement module (comprising core holder compatible with nuclear magnetic resonance tests) and a computer control and data processing module, a nuclear magnetic resonance testing system and a rock fluid displacement system are combined into a whole through computer control, formation temperature and pressure are simulated, rock displacement tests are carried out under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and real-time nuclear magnetic resonance signals are measured on line to obtain rich rock parameters (porosity, permeability, reservoir forming critical pressure, wettability and the like). The on-line testing device serves as a device for oil gas reservoir forming geological research and oil gas target assessment, and the purposes of analyzing core physical properties and percolation mechanism from micro perspective are achieved.

The invention discloses a construction method of an ecological sewage treatment and water restoration system. The system can be used for the miniature domestic sewage treatment, the aquatic environment rehabilitation of medium and small sized lakes and the landscaping water management and rehabilitation engineering, can achieve the target of building the self-regeneration and self-succession water ecological system and finally building the self-regeneration and self-succession water ecological system, and can build the landscape type sewage treatment plant. The method comprises the following steps: A. building a rainwater conflux and percolation water charging system; B. building an ET biochemical system; and C. gradually building an ecological balanced system of the aquatic animal food chain according to the relationship between the ecological chains of grass-fish, alga-fish, alga-debris-snail and debris-microorganism on the basis of finishing building the ET biochemical system.

The invention discloses a graphene elastomer nano composite material with low filling quantity and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of preparation of dielectric elastomer. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: adding an aqueous solution of graphene oxide into water-soluble rubber latex so that the graphene oxide is dispersed in rubber matrix on molecular level, reducing the graphene oxide into graphene by adopting an in-situ hot-pressing reduction method, and thus forming a network structure that graphene flake layers wrap latex particles. The obtained composite material has high dielectric constant under low filling quantity, keeps low dielectric loss, and has low percolation value. The composite material solves the problem that the performance of the composite material is reduced because the filling quantity required when an inorganic conductor is filled with rubber and the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss are simultaneously improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an irregular cylindrical joint crack network model rock core test sample. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) generating a voronoi graph by utilizing a program algorithm, and further generating a 3D random cylindrical joint crack network shape; (2) establishing different cylindrical joint crack networks in the step (1) by simulating the size of a joint by utilizing organic glass with the different thicknesses; (3) filling the joint of each cylinder with different filling materials to simulate the strength among different joints; and (4) acquiring an artificial rock core test sample of a random irregular cylindrical joint. The test sample obtained by utilizing the method can be used for researching an artificial cylindrical joint model test sample with the cylindrical joints with the irregular shapes, the variation of the joint size and the variation of the joint strength and can be used for relatively accurately simulating the mechanical characteristics, permeable characteristics and rheolytic characteristics of cylindrical joint rocks with variable joint cracks, variable joint sizes and variable joint strength. The preparation method is low in cost and easy to operate.

The invention relates to the field of garbage disposal, in particular to a kitchen waste and household garbage power generation cooperative treatment technology. The kitchen waste and household garbage power generation cooperative treatment technology comprises the following steps: A, kitchen waste and household garbage are thrown into corresponding garage percolation devices; B, the household garbage is percolated in the garage percolation device of the household garbage for 3-7 days, and then is sent into an incineration device; C, the kitchen waste is subjected to mincing and desanding and then is sent into a methane generation device for fermentation, and methane and solid residues are obtained; D, the incineration device comprises a hopper and a methane inlet, percolation products in the step B and the solid residues obtained in the step C are mixed and then a mixture is sent into the hopper, and the methane obtained in the step C is supplied to the methane inlet; E, after the mixture in the step D is burnt in the incineration device, generated solid residues are discharged, generated flue gas is sent into a flue gas treatment device, and steam generated by incineration is used for power generation of power generation equipment; and F, the flue gas is subjected to denitration of fly ash and heavy metal separation treatment in the flue gas treatment device.

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil exploitation and particularly relates to a calculation method for predicating recovery percentage and water cut of an oil field. The method for predicting the recovery percentage and water cut of the oil field comprises the following steps of: (1) obtaining a water-oil mass ratio: Qw / Qo, i.e. Fg; (2) obtaining the initial oil saturation: Soi; (3) testing the irreducible water saturation: Swi; (4) obtaining a crude oil volume factor Bo; (5) putting the above parameters into a formula as shown in the specification so as to obtain a relationship between the water cut and the recovery percentage. According to the method for predicting the recovery percentage and water cut of the oil field provided by the invention, a universal method applicable to water-flooding development of reservoirs with high-permeability, low-permeability and ultra-low permeability is obtained, and the actual changing rule of the water cut and recovery percentage of reservoirs and the percolation characteristic representation of the oil reservoirs of different types can be reflected, therefore the method is fit for the practical situation better; furthermore, the development index prediction precision can be improved, therefore the method has an important practical significance on the production practice of the oil fields.