3571 results about "Rock sample" patented technology

The invention relates to an oil-gas well hydraulically-created-fracture expansion visualization experiment method and an oil-gas well hydraulically-created-fracture expansion visualization experiment device. The device is composed of a rock sample chamber, a crustal loading unit, a simulation fracturing string, a high-speed camera, a high-pressure pumping unit, a data measuring and collecting unit and the like, and four transparent observation ports are formed on a top cover of the rock sample chamber. The method includes firstly, preparing a flat-plate-type rock sample, performing high-pressure-water cutting to preform a natural fracture, and filling the natural fracture with epoxy resin to form a filled-type fracture; secondly, performing water saturation on the rock sample for 3-5 days, and using epoxy resin to wrap the rock sample after water saturation; thirdly, loading three-axis stress on the rock sample, drilling a borehole under the condition that the three-axis stress is applied on the rock sample, and mounting the simulation fracturing string; finally, connecting a high-pressure pipeline with a constant-flux pump, pumping fracturing liquid, recording a fracture expansion path by the high-speed camera, and measuring pumping pressure changes by a pressure transmitter. By the method and the device, the hydraulically-created-fracture expansion path can be visualized on a plane, and a novel experiment method is provided for studying on a hydraulically-created-fracture expansion mechanism.

A hydrocarbon exploration method is disclosed for developing a model of at least one effective material property of a subsurface reservoir as a function of the composition and structure of the reservoir rock. In one embodiment, the method comprises: obtaining a 3D image (102) of a rock sample characteristic of a reservoir of interest (101); segmenting the 3D image into compositional classes (103) based on similarities in mineralogy, structure and spatial distribution; selecting a model (105) that relates an effective material property of interest to the volume fractions of each compositional class; and determining the parameters of the model (106). The model may be used to assess the commercial potential of the subsurface reservoir (107).

The invention discloses a method for calculating oil saturation of a reservoir. The method comprises the following steps of: establishing a reservoir oil saturation model including a free fluid porosity phi f, a bound fluid porosity phi b, as well as corresponding macropore bond index mf, micropore bond index mb and micropore bond index characteristic value parameters; measuring a core porosity phi of a selected core sample; carrying out a nuclear magnetic resonance T2 spectrum experiment and an electric petrophysical experiment on the selected core sample to determine the core porosity phi and bound water saturation Swir of the selected core sample, the free fluid porosity phi f and bound fluid porosity phi b, stratum water resistivity Rw of a saturated rock sample, saturated water rock resistivity Ro of each rock sample, and resistivity Rt of each rock under different conditions of water saturation Sw; determining parameters of a reservoir oil saturation model by adopting an optimization data fitting method; establishing a relationship between the core micropore bond index mb and the bound water saturation Swir; classifying reservoir cores according to the bound water saturation; and determining a saturation index n of each type of cores by using the optimization fitting algorithm.

The invention discloses a multifunctional true triaxial flow solid coupling test system which comprises a frame (100) and a pressure chamber (200) capable of arranging a coal rock sample, wherein the frame (100) comprises a support (1); the support (1) is fixedly connected with a frame (2), and a pressurizing system and a sensing system which are independent are arranged in each of X, Y and Z directions of the pressure chamber. Therefore, according to the multifunctional true triaxial flow solid coupling test system, a real work condition can be really simulated, and a theoretical basis is provided for solving on-site problems.

The invention provides a gas pool prediction method and system of a carbonate reservoir based on pore structure characteristics. The method comprises the following steps: collecting a rock sample of a target reservoir section of the carbonate reservoir; authenticating geological thin sheets of the rock sample so as to obtain rock basic parameters comprising the rock constituents, the pore shape, the surface porosity and the sedimentary phase belt; carrying out pore permeation measurement on the rock sample so as to obtain pore permeation basic parameters comprising the porosity, the permeation rate and the density; constructing a rock bare-bone model according to the rock basic parameters, the pore permeation basic parameters and a differential equivalent medium model; carrying out fluid replacement on the rock bare-bone model so as to generate a rock physical plate; acquiring prestack seismic inversion data of the carbonate reservoir; intersecting the prestack seismic inversion data and the rock physical plate, thereby obtaining the prediction results of the porosity and the gas saturation of the carbonate reservoir. The accurate quantitative gas pool prediction is realized.

The invention provides a method and a device for synchronous measurements on dynamic and static elastic parameters of rocks by using a rock triaxial anti-compression testing device. The method comprises: sealing a test rock sample in a triaxial autoclave filled with hydraulic oil, applying an oil pressure by an axial pressure control system, applying a confining pressure by a confining pressure control system, and applying a pore pressure by a pore pressure control system; acquiring propagation speeds of longitudinal waves and transverse waves in the test rock sample by a computer acquisition and control system, and calculating the dynamic Young modulus and the dynamic Poisson ratio according to the propagation speeds; and acquiring deformation parameters of the test rock sample during a loading process by the computer acquisition and control system, and calculating the static Young modulus and the static Poisson ratio according to the deformation parameters. The method and the device can ensure validity and accuracy of hydrocarbon reservoir rock mechanical parameter measurements in thousands of meters deep underground and under the conditions of complex confining pressure, high temperature, high pore pressure and polyphase fluid.

The invention relates to a rock sample detection and data acquisition system. The system can realize elastic parameter test of a rock sample in the state of gas adsorption; in the system, a three-shaft pressure cabin is connected with a gas supply and metering control device for absorbing samples in the cabin and accurately metering absorption quantity, moreover, an ultrasonic transducer is installed on a cap of the (high) pressure cabin and integrated with an ultrasonic wave transmitting/receiving device so that the test of elastic parameters of methane absorption on coal can be realized truly. The system can automatically and continuously test in the processes of gas absorption and gas enrichment, thereby ensuring a consistent test environment, acquiring an absorption quantity and elastic parameter relation curve, improving test accuracy and efficiency and saving test time and cost. The rock sample detection and data acquisition system integrates methane enrichment mechanism simulation and rock physical property test, can be applied to seismic prospecting method research on coalbed methane and shale gas, mine advanced detection, coal mine safety research and the like.

The invention discloses a determining method for a stratum high-temperature high-pressure gas-phase and water-phase relative permeability curve. The determining method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a rock core; S2, preparing fluid; S3, carrying out a single separation test on balance gas and balance stratum water; S4, saturating the rock core with water; S5, carrying out a connecting flow and raising the temperature to generate a pressure; S6, carrying out a balance water-phase permeability Kw test; S7, carrying out a gas-driving-water process relative permeability test; S8, correcting an accumulated water yield amount W(t) and an accumulated gas yield amount G(t); converting a value recorded under a ground condition to a stratum condition; and S9, calculating a water-phase relative permeability rate Krw and a gas-phase relative permeability rate Krg at each moment, and a gas-containing saturation degree (Sge) of a rock sample outlet end face. The determining method for the stratum high-temperature high-pressure gas-phase and water-phase relative permeability curve has the beneficial effects that high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of a real gas deposit stratum are effectively simulated and the influences on rocks and the fluid by the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of the stratum are sufficiently considered; a determined result meets the actual production and the usable value of experimental data is high; the disadvantages in an existing determining method are overcome.

The invention discloses a device for testing the durability of a water pressure resistant grouted rock, which comprises a pressure chamber, a control cabinet, heating equipment, pressurizing equipment, measuring equipment and accessory equipment, wherein the heating equipment can supply a stable heat source for the pressure chamber; the pressurizing equipment can provide confining pressure and osmotic pressure for the pressure chamber; the pressure chamber can apply an axial pressure by means of a universal test, is corrosion resistant and can realize annular and vertical penetration tests of three kinds of standard samples of different dimensions at different temperatures and pressures; the measuring equipment can realize accurate measurement of temperature, pressure and flow rate; and the control cabinet can realize the accurate control of pressure and temperature. The device can be used for indoor researches on the durability of tunnel water pressure resistant grouted rock or dam impervious curtain in an environment of high-water-pressure and corrosive environment, and at the same time, realizes the researches on the change rule of the permeability of a rock sample under the coupled actions of a temperature field, a seepage field, a stress field and a chemical field.

The invention discloses a testing device and a measuring and calculating method for the gas permeability of compact rock material. Under the condition that the gas pressure at two ends of a rock sample are controlled to be the same, a gas pressure pulse is applied to the lower surface of the rock sample by a gas pressure control panel. When gas penetrates through the rock sample and enters a known pressure air storage tank under the action of the pressure of the pulse, the gas permeability of the rock sample is calculated by recording the change of the pressure of the pulse with time. The testing device and the measuring and calculating method are applicable to the measurement of permeability of mediums with low permeability, such as the storage of underground petroleum and natural gas, the storage of CO2, the disposal of nuclear waste, the storage of shale gas and the like and the measurement and calculation of the permeability of other compact rock mediums. Materials the permeability of mediums is between around 10-24m2 can all be measured and calculated by the device system.

The invention relates to a multi-field coupled coal rock impact loading experimental device and method. The experimental device comprises an axial static pressure loading device, an axial static pressure loading hydraulic oil pump, an axial static pressure oil delivery pipe, an ambient pressure loading hydraulic oil pump, an ambient pressure loading oil delivery pipe, a radial ambient pressure loading device, a gas tank, a gas inlet pipe, a gas pressure regulating valve, an air extracting pump, a gas sensor, a gas outlet pipe, a cold and hot dual-purpose compressor, a servo oil pump and a cold and hot dual-purpose oil delivery pipe. By using the experimental device and method, a coal rock sample can be in a multi-field coupling state and the condition that the coal rock sample is in axial static loading, radial ambient pressure static loading, gas pressure and temperature coupling states, so that an experiment can be carried out aiming to the dynamic loading conditions.

The invention discloses a drop weight type dynamic and static combined load impact experimental device which is characterized by comprising a body (1) and a sample bearing table (2), wherein the sample bearing table (2) is positioned on the body (1); a sample is arranged on the sample bearing table (2) and is connected with a hydraulic static load pressure mechanism which applies static pressure; an impact mechanism which can move up and down along a guide post (7) is arranged on the upper part of the body (1) and is connected with a lifting mechanism arranged on the lower part of the body. According to the experimental device disclosed by the invention, the coal and rock sample can be dynamically and controllably loaded in different dynamic and static combined forms, and multiple stress wave loading modes of coal and rock materials are simulated, so that the experimental result has the high practical engineering significance. The drop weight type dynamic and static combined load impact experimental device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and good in controllability. According to power failure tightening states of a brake driving motor and an electric hook, the impact mechanism is prevented from falling to injure people during unexpected power failures, so that the effective safety protection is realized.

The present invention provides a cutter rock-breaking mechanism which is applied in the technical field of the cutter experiment and an abrasion resistant tester thereof. The abrasion resistant tester comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a structural frame, a bearing plate, a cutter support, a disc-shaped hob and a rotation worktable. When the cutter rock-breaking mechanism and the abrasion resistant tester work, the disc-shaped hob is connected with the cutter support through a bolt. The cutter support is jointed and fixed on the bearing plate through the bolts. The hydraulic cylinder exerts a certain load to impact the disc-shaped hob to the rock sample on the worktable and generate a certain penetration. Afterwards the worktable is rotated through a power system to execute cutting test to the rock passively. The cutter rock-breaking mechanism and the abrasion resistant tester execute cutting with a single cutter to do the abrasion resistance test of the cutter. The bearing plate is provided with a groove. The regulation to the cutter space and the phase angle is realized through the variation of the jointing position of the cutter support on the bearing plate. The regulation to the inner deflection angle of the cutter is realized by changing the cutter supports with different angles. The positioning and rotation of the rock are realized through the rotating worktable. The designing of the device is novel and scientific. The knife angle, phase angle and inner deflection angle which affect larger to the rock breaking and abrasion of cutter are researched. The device settles the problem that two hob cutters simultaneously cut the rock.

The invention relates to a dry ice sublimation hole bottom refrigerating and pressure keeping sampler and a sampling method. The device is mainly composed of a suspension differential action mechanism, a single action mechanism, a control mechanism, a refrigerating mechanism and a pressure keeping mechanism. The method comprises: using dry ice as refrigerant, alcohol as refrigeration assisting catalyst and secondary refrigerant, and applying low temperature alcohol to the hole bottom to refrigerate the rock core; closing a ball valve to keep pressure of the rock sample so as to inhibite the decomposition of the hydrate rock core; dismounting a blocking tube and a drill bit when sampling, dismounting a clamp spring and a clamp spring seat, pulling out a half combining tube and the rock core from the rock core tube, and using a liquid nitrogen holdup vessel or a high pressure container to keep the rock core sample. When drilling for sampling the rock core, the external tube and the drill bit gyre, but the internal tube assembly does not gyre, thus avoiding the damage of mechanical force to the rock core caused by the gyrus of the drilling tool to a larger degree, improving the rock core sampling rate, integrity and representativeness more effectively, and realizing pure refrigeration sampling as well as a combination of refrigeration sampling and rock core pressure keeping; compared with the prior art, the invention has simple process, convenient operation and greatly reduces the cost.

The invention discloses a rock porosity real-time tester under chemical seepage and creep coupling, belonging to the rock engineering technical field, which is composed of a rock sample clamp, a chemical seepage pressure loading device, an axle pressure loading device, a surrounding pressure loading device and a porosity tester. The rock porosity real-time tester can real-timely test the porosity of a rock sample under constant pressure loading and chemical seepage coupling of three directions, having simple structure, flexible assembly, strong expandability, high stability and wide application. The rock porosity real-time tester has high application value for rock soil mass mechanical property and seepage character research under multi-field coupling condition of rock-soil engineering, hydraulic engineering, petroleum engineering, mining engineering and underground engineering and the like.

The invention discloses a direct shear testing device of saturated rock soil samples, which relates to the technology of mechanical strength test of rock soil. The structure of the direct shear testing device comprises a sample shear box, a loading system, a saturation system, a vacuum pump and a data acquisition system which are fixed on a frame to form a whole body, wherein the shear box is arranged in a water channel of the saturation system and guarantees the sample to be saturated completely, the loading system comprises a vertical loading system and a transverse loading system, the vertical loading system and the transverse loading system are respectively connected with the shear box and realize vertical loading and transverse loading of the shear box, the vacuum pump is connected with the saturation system and used for vacuumizing the closed water channel, and the data acquisition system is connected with the shear box and the loading system respectively and used for monitoring and recording the force and the displacement of the shear box. The direct shear testing device realizes direct shear tests of small-size and medium-size gravel soil, crack soil and soft rocks, and particularly can realize site tests of samples on the construction site and reciprocating direct shear tests of saturated rock soil.

A method and apparatus are provided for measuring a parameter such as capillary pressure in porous media such as rock samples. The method comprises mounting a sample in a centrifuge such that different portions of the sample are spaced at different distances from the centrifuge axis, rotating the sample about the axis, measuring a first parameter in the different portions of the sample, and determining the value of a second parameter related to the force to which each portion is subjected due to rotation of the sample. In one embodiment, the first parameter is relative saturation of the sample as measured by MRI techniques, and the second parameter is capillary pressure.

The present invention relates to a ground stress measuring method which comprises the following procedures: 1) the occurrence of joint and faultage are determined; the nearest sequent subjoint and fissure in the same sequence are drawn on a stereographic projection drawing; 2) a terrane lay uses the strike line as a rotating axis and rotates to the horizontal position towards the dip direction; the rotary angle is equal to a dip angle of the lay, and the strike line of the joint and fissure winding lay rotates to the horizontal state to find a conjugated X-shaped joint; then the conjugated X-shaped joint and lay in the horizontal state rotate to the original state; three directions of the ground stress are determined on the stereographic projection drawing; 3) samples are drilled along three directions of the ground stress and 5 to 7 samples are drilled along each direction; 4) the acoustic emission experiment of a rock sample is done indoors to have a Db4 small wave analysis on the acoustic emission signals of rock, thereby determining the acoustic emission Kaiser point of rock; the size of the ground stress is determined according to the acoustic emission Kaiser point of rock. The invention is small in sample quantity, low in cost, rapid in measuring progress of the ground stress, and accordingly more convenient and rapid in measurement of the ground stress.

A method for estimating a petrophysical parameter from a rock sample includes making a three dimensional tomographic image of the sample of the material. The image is segmented into pixels each representing pore space or rock grain. Porosity of the sample is determined from the segmented image. An image of at least one fracture is introduced into the segmented image to generate a fractured image. The porosity of the fractured image is determined. At least one petrophysical parameter related to the pore-space geometry is estimated from the fractured image.

The invention discloses a Brazilian split method for measuring an elastic parameter of a rock under an extension condition, which comprises the steps of: A. horizontally putting a machined disc-shaped sample between the load bearing plates of a press machine by using a Brazilian disc split method, placing a hard steel wire respectively between the upper load bearing plate and the sample and between the lower load bearing plate and the sample, arranging a filler strip perpendicular to the symmetrical surfaces of the sample, and applying pressure on the upper load bearing plate and the lower load bearing plate to make the sample generate tension perpendicular to the action directions of an upper load and a lower load; B. carrying out analysis by using the Hooke's law in classical elasticity mechanics by combining specific conditions of the Brazilian split method; C. analyzing the stress condition of the rock and the measurement principle in the Brazilian disc split method; and D. obtaining the strain in the stress direction according to the Hooke's law from the stress condition sigma3=0, measuring epsilon1 and epsilon2, obtaining the elastic parameter of the rock sample, and arranging a strain gauge in the center position of the rock sample for measurement of epsilon1 and epsilon2. The method has the advantages of easiness for operation and use, clear principle, low material consumption, and the like. The method is suitable for wide popularization and application.

The invention discloses a shale gas reservoir gas diffusion coefficient experiment test method. According to a method, a one-dimensional diffusion mathematic model is built by monitoring pressure attenuation data in a shale plunger rock sample under effective stress conditions of methane gas with a certain initial pressure in a constant-temperature closed system with the micro-pore structure and the gas existence state of a shale reservoir as bases, the diffusion coefficient of the gas (methane) in shale is calculated, and the diffusion mass-transfer capacity of the gas (methane) in the shale is quantitatively assessed. In the experiment testing process, the diffusion process of gas in the shale gas reservoir can be effectively simulated, and influences of effective stress, gas adsorption/desorption and other factors on the diffusion coefficient are reflected. Besides, the method can overcome influences of gas free expansion stage data in a traditional adsorption/desorption method on the diffusion coefficient. The method can assess the diffusion mass-transfer capacity of the gas in the shale and provide experiment support for researches in the aspects of shale gas reservoir productivity models, productivity prediction and the like.

The invention discloses a test device of a model for manufacturing rock masses containing interlayers and a test method thereof. The test device of the model for manufacturing the rock masses containing interlayers comprises a semicircular angle device, an upper baffle, a lower baffle, a left side plate, a right side plate, a circular turntable, a core-drilling machine drill bit, a flat plate, a flat plate angle control rod, a fixed screw rod, a base plate, an interlayer model test piece, a U-shaped plate and a guide slot. The test method comprises the following test steps: arranging the rock masses according to an outline central line and fixing the rock masses; manufacturing interlayer materials and casting the model, fastening the test piece, drilling the core, replacing the core-drilling machine drill bit, changing the position of the test piece to drill repeatedly and cutting to obtain the test pieces with different height-diameter ratios or obtain the test pieces with different interlayer inclination angles; then carrying out mechanical test. The test device is simple in structure and suitable for manufacturing the test pieces with different interlayer thicknesses, inclination angles and height-diameter ratios; according to a core-drilling and cutting machining device, by making full use of the existing device, the influence on the mechanical properties of the test pieces caused by different conditions can be analyzed, coring of irregular rock samples taken in the site can be carried out directly, so that the test efficiency is improved and the test time is shortened.

The invention discloses a high-pressure servo dynamic true triaxial testing machine. A main machine consists of three sets of loading/unloading systems which are independent from one another, including two sets of vertical loading/unloading systems and a set of horizontal loading/unloading system which are all high-rigidity loading/unloading frames. The testing machine is a comprehensive type rigidity testing machine which can perform multiple tests such as simple single-shaft tension, compression and shearing tests, ordinary triaxial tests and true triaxial tests, moreover the testing machine can provide pressure which is large enough to meet experiment requirements of materials such as most rock, static load and disturbance load can be independently exerted to a rock sample test piece in three directions which are perpendicular to one another in a three-dimensional space, and the load can be rapidly unloaded in a single side. In addition, all operation is accomplished by a computer keyboard and a mouse, and meanwhile a necessary manual control device is provided, so that the testing machine has the characteristics of convenience and flexibility in operation.