1002results about "Hydraulic models" patented technology

The invention discloses a simulation regulation and control system and method of the percolation performance of an aeration zone of a river or a lake and relates to the technical field of research on water and soil resources and environmental engineering. The system comprises a seepage control device, an aeration zone simulation device, an underground water level regulation and control device anda data monitoring system, wherein the seepage control device comprises a seepage control column and a regulation column; the upper layer of the regulation column is connected with the seepage controlcolumn through a flange plate, and the lower layer of the regulation column is connected with the aeration zone simulation device through a water supply pipeline and a peristaltic pump; the aeration zone simulation device comprises a plurality of soil columns connected in series, and the underground water level regulation and control device comprises an underground water supply Markov bottle and an underground water balancing device which are connected through an underground water supplementing pipeline, and the underground water balancing device is connected with the aeration zone simulationdevice through the underground water supplementing pipeline. By adopting the system and the method, the hierarchical accurate simulation of a layered soil structure is realized, the accurate monitoring of the percolation performance of the aeration zone of the river or the lake is realized, and the simulation precision of the different types of layered soil is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a visual-model testing apparatus and testing method for seepage-stress-coupled internal piping penetration. The testing apparatus is composed of four parts, i.e., a variable-head control and liquid circulation system, a vertical loading and penetration system, a laser control system and an image acquisition system and can carry out experimental study on internal piping penetration of non-steady seepage under the conditions of different stresses, different contents of fines, different grading and the like and research on the characteristics of particle loss and deformation and fracture in the process of seepage. The invention also provides a visual testing method for seepage-stress-coupled simulated erosion-type internal piping. According to the method, head difference is applied to a piping soil sample in a stress field in the vertical loading and penetration system in virtue of the variable-head control and liquid circulation system, so a seepage-erosion-stress three-field coupled internal piping test is realized. The visual-model testing apparatus and testing method provided by the invention are simple in procedure, easy in fabrication, capable of realizing direct and in-depth observation, economic and good in operability, so the meso-scopic mechanism of seepage-stress-coupled internal piping is revealed preliminarily, and a testing foundation is provided for subsequent research.

An early kick detection system including a kick detection computing device coupled to at least one sensor associated with a drilling system of a well. The kick detection computing device is configured to receive measurement data from the at least one sensor. The measurement data includes one or more kick indicators used to identify a well kick. The kick detection computing device generate an estimated value for each of the one or more kick indicators during simulated normal drilling conditions and simulated kick conditions. The kick detection computing device determines a deviation value and generates a signal based on the deviation value. The signal activates a green status, an amber warning, or a red alarm to indicate a kick detection status of the drilling system.

The invention discloses a wave maker for generating simulated waves, which comprises a stand, a driving device, a linear guide rail, a moving sliding rack, a wave pushing plate, push rods, a first swinging arm, a cross shaft, switching rods and second swinging arms, wherein the linear guide rail is arranged on the stand; the moving sliding rack is arranged on the linear guide rail; the wave pushing plate is arranged at the front end of the stand; the push rods are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the stand and push a wave making plate to move under the action of the driving device; the upper end of the first swinging arm is articulated with the output end of the driving device; the cross shaft is vertically and fixedly connected with the first swinging arm; the switching rods and the second swinging arms are symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the stand; two sides of the cross shaft are supported by a bearing and protrude out of the bearing for a certain length; the upper end of the second swinging arm is fixedly connected with the end part of the cross shaft; the lower end of the second swinging arm is articulated with one end of each push rod; the other end of each push rod is articulated on the wave pushing plate; one end of each switching rod is articulated on the moving sliding rack; the other end of each switching rod is optionally articulated on the wave pushing plate, the stand or the second swinging arm; and two sides of the lower end of the push wave plate are respectively articulated with two sides of the moving sliding rack.

The invention relates to a simulator based on the distributed optical fiber sensation to detect dam seepage, wherein it comprises: optical fiber sensing demodulator, sensing optical cable embedded into the dam model media inside the box; and the dam seepage simulating controlling unit around the sensing optical cable which mainly comprises a main transmitting tube and several branch transmitting tubes inserted into the box; the end of branch transmitting tube has media filter network and temperature humidity sensor; the mina transmitting tube has flux control valve; the bottom of box has movable bottom plate; therefore, it can simulate the detection on the dam seepage. And it can be used to search the dam seepage or be used as experiment equipment.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for imitating sea wave by use of a drum-type centrifuge. The method is the following: to feed water into the drum type groove through the water input system of the centrifuge when it achieves stated centrifugal acceleration; to start the wave generator located in inside wall of the groove to generate moving wave; then to absorb wave through the wave breaker located on the other end of the inside wall. The said apparatus comprises drum-type centrifuge and wave generator and is characterized by the following: the wave generator is located inside the drum type groove with a external diameter of one to three meter, radial depth of twenty to fifty centimeter, axial width twenty to forth centimeter. The said wave generator comprises a crank swing mechanism made up of crank wheel, connecting bar and swing board and servomotor. The said wave breaker is located on side wall of the groove near to swing board with a baffle board in the middle.

An earth-rock dam break centrifugal model test analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps that (1) an earth-rock dam break test special model box is arranged; (2) the working principle and the stress similarity criterion of a centrifugal machine are used, an earth-rock dam prototype and a 1/N-contraction-scale centrifugal test model are obtained, under the Ng centrifugal acceleration condition, the linear size ratio of the model and the prototype is 1/N, and the earthing stress of the model and the prototype is the same; (3) according to the seepage similarity criterion, the obtained permeability coefficient of centrifugal model earth is N times of the permeability coefficient of prototype earth; (4) according to the shearing strength similarity criterion, the particle diameter of model cohesiveless earth-rock materials is reduced by N times; and (5) according to the water flow similarity criterion, the similarity criterion of commonly-used physical quantity in an earth-rock dam break centrifugal model test is obtained. The method is not limited or restricted by fields, a large amount of earth and a large number of water resources are of no need during testing, and the method has the advantages of being low in cost and short in time.

The invention provides a three-dimensional underground pressure-bearing water flow-subway tunnel structure interaction simulating device which comprises a model case, a linear tunnel structure system, a water feeding and draining system, a pressure-bearing water head control system, a loading system and a measuring system. The linear tunnel structure system is arranged in a sandy soil layer in the model case, and the water feeding and draining system and the pressure-bearing water head control system carry out control and simulation on the water head of the sandy soil layer to form a water-containing pressure-bearing layer. In the experiment system, the measuring system detects data in real time. The model case is used as a bearing device and matched with other systems to simulate the influence of a linear subway tunnel structure on underground pressure-bearing water flow regime and the influence of underground pressure-bearing water flow changes on the subway tunnel structure, the anti-floating design effect of the subway tunnel structure can be verified, the influence of underground pressure-bearing water flow on the anti-floating design effect can be evaluated, and the safety influence of local leakage on the subway tunnel structure can be evaluated.

The invention provides an active reflection compensation type single-board wave making device which comprises a computer control and drive system, a mechanical system and a wave measurement and feedback system which are sequentially connected. By adopting an active reflection compensation wave making technology, waves meeting the requirement of test precision are made, and meanwhile, waves reflected from a ship model, an opposite pool wall and a wave absorber can be effectively eliminated; and more than 80 percent of reflection waves are absorbed, thus the condition that the reflection waves strike a wave making mechanism to generate reflection waves once again is avoided so as to effectively improve the wave simulation quality of a pool or a water tank. A servo motor is used as a drive device, and a stepper motor control card and an encoder counting card are adopted to carry out two-position control, thereby the frequency response and the wave making control precision are improved, the drive mechanism is simplified and the maintenance cost is greatly reduced.

The invention discloses a rocking plate type regular wave and an irregular wave maker. The irregular wave maker comprises a wave making plate, wherein the wave making plate is of a swinging structure, the bottom of the wave making plate is hinged with the bottom of the water tank and the top is connected with a connection rod, the connection position of the rotation rod and the turnplate is adjustably connected with the turnplate, the swing of the wave making plate is controlled by the connection position of the connection rod on the turnplate, the turnplate is connected with the motor for driving the turnplate, and the motor is connected with a variable-frequency governor for adjusting the frequency of the motor. The irregular wave maker has the advantages of being capable of generating regular and irregular wave, simple structure, convenient operation, and being applicable to various water tanks for generating wave.

The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic engineering simulation tests and particularly relates to a device and method used for river and lake relation experimental research and suitable for a river and lake intersection water system. The device used for river and lake relation experimental research and suitable for the river and lake intersection water system comprises a micro-scale river and lake model module, a model adjusting module and a river and lake relation measurement module. The device is specifically composed of a water and sand input port, a river channel micro-scale model, a lake micro-scale model, a lake opening gate, an electromagnetic water and sand separator, a lifting motor, a micro air pump, a roughness factor base pad, a ventilation hole, a spiral stirring pump, a water level gauge, a digital fluxmeter, a digital gauss meter and a surface magnetic distribution measuring instrument. According to the model test device, the invention further provides a method used for river and lake relation experimental research and suitable for the river and lake intersection water system. The method is suitable for an oversized dimension river and lake intersection water system prototype, quantitative physical analog simulation and river and lake relation space and time change measurement under the conditions of micro-scale three-dimensional space conditions.

The invention relates to a system for measuring bed load silt discharge of a river model test. The system is arranged on a river model; a sand sinking pit (21) which vertically stretches downwards from an upper surface of a river sub-model is arranged on the river sub-model of the river model; at least one sand collection hopper (22) is arranged along a cross section of the river sub-model on the sand sinking pit (21); a larger opening end of each sand collection hopper (22) faces upwards and a small opening end faces downwards; a sand carrying basket (23) penetrates through the sand collection hopper (22) through a hanging rope (25) and is suspended on a weight measuring mechanism (24); and the weight measuring mechanism (24) measures underwater weight of the sand carrying basket (23) in a no-load manner and the underwater weight of the sand carrying basket (23) and the overall sand in the basket at different moments so as to obtain the bed load silt discharge of the river model test. According to the embodiment of the system, the bed load silt discharge of the river model test can be measured rapidly accurately in real time, thereby providing an accurate data basis for river research.

The invention relates to a test method of rive project movable bed physical model coupling which comprises the following steps of: firstly, carrying out the preparation of a model test; then carrying out a model verification test; laying out the project on the model according to an improvement project initial design scheme; estimating a dynamic balance boundary morphology attained by a river bed after adjustment under the laid river boundary initial condition, wherein the dynamic balance boundary morphology comprises various parameters of river width, water depth, river bend radius; stimulating and moulding a new river boundary by an artificial moulding method according to the estimated parameters; carrying out a water discharge test under the artificially formed river bed boundary, observing various control and guide effect parameters and analyzing whether the control and guide effect parameters reach the design aim or not; otherwise, adjusting the scheme; if the control and guide effect parameters basically reach the design aim, proposing a recommendation scheme of modification or adjustment and carrying out the test; and comparing with the initial design scheme till the test is finished. The method has the advantage of observing the extreme value control and guide parameter or maximal control and guide effect of the project in a shorter test time interval so as to effectively shorten the test period and reduce the cost.

The invention discloses a model experimental device for piping damage development process of embankment project sandy soil, belonging to the field of physical model experiments of water conservancy projects. The model experimental device comprises three parts, namely a box-shaped experimental instrument, a varying head water supply device and a data acquisition device. The model experimental device can be used for simulating the seepage field change caused by seepage deformation until damage of the dyke-based sandy soil in the embankment project and erosion deformation of the sandy soil and representing the forming and developing process of piping damage of dyke-based sandy soil in the embankment project more reasonably. By adjusting types of an experimental soil sample, the piping damagephenomena of various dyke bases in the embankment project such as uniform dyke base, a dual-layer dyke base, a multilayer dyke base and the like can be simulated; and by adopting a mode of gradually increasing the water head and changing the position (the length of a seepage path) of a piping port, the piping damage and development processes under various hydraulic conditions in embankments of rivers can be simulated. The model experimental device is applicable to scientific research on piping damage relevant to embankment projects, provides guidance for design of actual embankment projects or can be used for teaching experiments of water conservancy project and gotechnical engineering disciplines.

The invention provides an earth and stone material grading optimization determining method which comprises the following steps of: changing granularity fractal dimension of earth and stone materials for the earth and stone materials with particle distribution meeting fractal distribution characteristics; preparing a grading earth and stone material sample with different particle size distribution functions; establishing a function relationship of extreme value dry density, modulus of compression, shearing strength and grading granularity fractal dimension through a field or indoor test; and regulating the granularity fractal dimension to obtain earth and stone material grading with a better filling relationship, easier compactness, higher modulus and strength. The earth and stone material grading optimization determining method can be used for a particle grading optimization design of rockfill materials and natural sand gravel materials.

The invention relates to a temperature difference-sediment coupling density flow simulation test system. The test system comprises a muddy water tank, a water pump, a heating device, a water channel, a turbine flowmeter, a plurality of thermographs and a circulating water pond; the water channel is connected with the water pump and the muddy water tank through a duct, the turbine flowmeter is connected with the duct, temperature probes of each thermograph are arranged at two vertical water temperature measurement positions of the side wall inside the water channel, and the heating device is installed above the water channel. The test system is simple in structure and convenient to operate; by the aid of the test system, the interference of the heating device to a flow field inside the water channel at the density flow test stage in the past is reduced, and the motion process of a sediment density flow in a temperature-layered water body is simulated successfully; special phenomena of advancing of the sediment density flow in the middle layer and the surface layer of the water channel under the influence of vertical water temperature laying are achieved, and in addition, the reliability and the accuracy of density flow analysis and research can be improved.

Method of constructing a geological model of a subterranean formation formed of at least two sedimentary beds.

On the basis of sparse measurements of the geometry of boundaries of beds of a subterranean formation carried out on a grid, values of the geometry of each bed at any point of the grid are calculated according to at least the following steps: a succession of coarser and coarser grids is defined, constructed on the basis of the grid of interest; then, proceeding from the coarsest grid to the grid of interest, the geometry of the boundaries of each bed is determined by solving an inverse problem initialized with the result obtained for the previous coarser grid. Next, on the basis of the completed geometry of each boundary of beds on the grid of interest, the geological model of the formation is constructed.

Application especially to the exploration and exploitation of oilfields.

The invention relates to the test device to detect the riverway dirot protecting slope and anti rushing character. It includes the reservoir, the water pump, the test flume, the drainpipe and the flow pipe. The valve and the flowmeter are set on the flowpipe and the test flume is a close flume with the rectangular cross section. The vegetation module box installing hole is set at the bottom of the test flume which is connected with the vegetation module box or the movable soleplate. The water pressing flume can generate water flow with big flow speed; the module test result is the bed surface shear stress and the frictional flow speed, which can module the rushing process of the river to the vegetation. So it has the big engineer using value.

The invention discloses a simulation tester for similar damage of tailings dam bursting, which is provided with a simulation reservoir, and the dam of the simulation reservoir is connected with a simulation cleugh. The simulation tester for similar damage of tailings dam bursting is characterized in that the bottom of the simulation reservoir at the tail of the reservoir is provided with a jacking pushrod; the jacking pushrod is arranged on a hydraulic cylinder; the simulation cleugh consists of at least two grooves connected end to end in sequence; the neighboring grooves are connected by an adjustable joint; the dam of the simulation reservoir consists of a fixed bracket and at least one movable baffle. The simulation tester for similar damage of tailings dam bursting has the obvious effects of strong compatibility, simple structure, low cost, easy maintenance, and convenient operation, can simulate tailings reservoirs with different heights and volumes, and can all obtain the data like fluid state evolution characteristics of slurry out of the burst dam, the stress field and flow field distribution rules during the moving process of slurry, and the relationship of the alluvial fan scope of slurry and sedimentary thickness with the moving distance of slurry when facing to the grooves of the tailings dam with different bursting widths, directions and slopes.

The invention relates to a wave maker based on a hydraulic drive mode. The wave maker comprises a control system, a hydraulic drive system and a wave pushing plate. The hydraulic drive system comprises a variable hydraulic pump, a frequency conversion motor, a hydraulic directional valve, a three-phase hybrid stepping motor, a double-acting shock excitation hydraulic cylinder, an oil tank, a check valve, an electromagnetic overflow valve, a proportional overflow valve, a cooler and a filter, wherein the frequency conversion motor is connected with the variable hydraulic pump; the wave pushing plate is fixedly installed at the output end of a piston rod of the double-acting shock excitation hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic directional valve is a two-stage shock excitation valve formed by assembling a valve element rotary directional valve and a hydraulic-operated directional valve, the hydraulic-operated directional valve is a main stage valve, the valve element rotary directional valve is an auxiliary stage valve and comprises an auxiliary stage valve body, an auxiliary valve sleeve and an auxiliary valve element, and the auxiliary stage valve element is connected with the three-phase hybrid stepping motor. A control system is electrically connected with a displacement adjusting mechanism of the variable hydraulic pump, the three-phase hybrid stepping motor, the frequency conversion motor and the electromagnetic overflow valve. The wave maker can generate simulated water waves with various expected control laws by adjusting the working state of the hydraulic elements.

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrodynamic experimental researches, in particular to a vertical multi-plate wave maker. The vertical multi-plate wave maker comprises a water tank, a hydraulic station, a computer control system, a support, an actuator and a wave-making plate, wherein the hydraulic station is arranged on the water tank; the computer control system is used for generating nolinear wave control signals; the actuator is connected with the support; the wave-making plate is hinged with the actuator; the computer control system is electrically connected with the hydraulic station; the hydraulic station is connected with an actuator; the actuator is used for driving the wave-making plate to perform reciprocating motion; and the wave-making plate is formed by hinging a plurality of independent wave-making plates. According to the vertical multi-plate wave maker, vertical speed distribution can be accurately input, waves which are more complex and more variable than those produced by a vertical single-plate wave maker can be produced, and the wave-making accuracy is improved; an embedded system, a programmable logic controller or an industrial personal computer can be selected as a computer control unit, and the quantity and the size of required split plates are selected according to different application requirements of control accuracy, response speed, stability and the like; and on the premise that high accuracy and high response speed are guaranteed, the flexibility and the stability of system operation are enhanced, and the repairing and maintenance costs are reduced.

The invention relates to a parallel flow deepwater current system and relative method used in ship and sea project. The invention comprises: six layers of current devices, while each one is formed by driving water pump, a inlet tube and a outlet tube, while the inlet and outlet tubes connect two ends of water pool; six layers are vertically arranged around the water pool. The method comprises: arranging connecting channels at the top two layers and the bottom two layers; via adjusting the valve of tube, the energy of driving pump that driving water is distributed between the vertical layers to produce variable section currents. The invention can simulate variable deepwater sections demanded by tests and reduce cost and save energy. And since the upper and lower layers are connected, the water pool can generate ascending and descending currents.

The invention relates to a device for adding sand to suspended load in a river model test, and belongs to the field of hydraulic tests. The device mainly comprises a sand supply power system, a sand release device, a sand supply pipe and a return pipe, and is characterized by also comprising an integrated automatic control system, wherein the inlet and outlet of the sand supply power system is connected with the sand release device through the sand supply pipe and the return pipe to form a suspended load slurry conveying loop; and the integrated automatic control system is connected with the sand supply power system and the sand release device through a control line to monitor and adjust the suspended load slurry conveying process of the sand supply power system and the sand release device. By the device, the sand supply system is not blocked, backflow of a bypass pipe and the return pipe stirs a slurry tank, and a sand adding hole is not clogged under any experiment conditions; and the device can accurately meter the sand adding flow, and can fully automatically control to add the sand.